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The arithmetic Riemann-Roch Theorem has been shown recently by Bismut-Gillet-Soul. The proof mixes algebra, arithmetic, and analysis. The purpose of this book is to give a concise introduction to the necessary techniques, and to present a simplified and extended version of the proof. It should enable mathematicians with a background in arithmetic algebraic geometry to understand some basic techniques in the rapidly evolving field of Arakelov-theory.

Algebraic geometry --- Algebraïsche meetkunde --- Geometry [Algebraic ] --- Géométrie algébrique --- Meetkunde [Algebraïsche ] --- Riemann-Roch theorema's --- Riemann-Roch thoerems --- Theoremes de Riemann-Roch --- Geometry, Algebraic. --- Riemann-Roch theorems. --- Theorems, Riemann-Roch --- Algebraic functions --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Geometry --- Addition. --- Adjoint. --- Alexander Grothendieck. --- Algebraic geometry. --- Analytic torsion. --- Arakelov theory. --- Asymptote. --- Asymptotic expansion. --- Asymptotic formula. --- Big O notation. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Characteristic class. --- Chern class. --- Chow group. --- Closed immersion. --- Codimension. --- Coherent sheaf. --- Cohomology. --- Combination. --- Commutator. --- Computation. --- Covariant derivative. --- Curvature. --- Derivative. --- Determinant. --- Diagonal. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Differential form. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Divisor. --- Domain of a function. --- Dual basis. --- E6 (mathematics). --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Embedding. --- Endomorphism. --- Exact sequence. --- Exponential function. --- Generic point. --- Heat kernel. --- Injective function. --- Intersection theory. --- K-group. --- Levi-Civita connection. --- Line bundle. --- Linear algebra. --- Local coordinates. --- Mathematical induction. --- Morphism. --- Natural number. --- Neighbourhood (mathematics). --- Parameter. --- Projective space. --- Pullback (category theory). --- Pullback (differential geometry). --- Pullback. --- Riemannian manifold. --- Riemann–Roch theorem. --- Self-adjoint operator. --- Smoothness. --- Sobolev space. --- Stochastic calculus. --- Summation. --- Supertrace. --- Theorem. --- Transition function. --- Upper half-plane. --- Vector bundle. --- Volume form.

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Reciprocity laws of various kinds play a central role in number theory. In the easiest case, one obtains a transparent formulation by means of roots of unity, which are special values of exponential functions. A similar theory can be developed for special values of elliptic or elliptic modular functions, and is called complex multiplication of such functions. In 1900 Hilbert proposed the generalization of these as the twelfth of his famous problems. In this book, Goro Shimura provides the most comprehensive generalizations of this type by stating several reciprocity laws in terms of abelian varieties, theta functions, and modular functions of several variables, including Siegel modular functions. This subject is closely connected with the zeta function of an abelian variety, which is also covered as a main theme in the book. The third topic explored by Shimura is the various algebraic relations among the periods of abelian integrals. The investigation of such algebraicity is relatively new, but has attracted the interest of increasingly many researchers. Many of the topics discussed in this book have not been covered before. In particular, this is the first book in which the topics of various algebraic relations among the periods of abelian integrals, as well as the special values of theta and Siegel modular functions, are treated extensively.

Ordered algebraic structures --- 512.74 --- Abelian varieties --- Modular functions --- Functions, Modular --- Elliptic functions --- Group theory --- Number theory --- Varieties, Abelian --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Algebraic groups. Abelian varieties --- 512.74 Algebraic groups. Abelian varieties --- Abelian varieties. --- Modular functions. --- Abelian extension. --- Abelian group. --- Abelian variety. --- Absolute value. --- Adele ring. --- Affine space. --- Affine variety. --- Algebraic closure. --- Algebraic equation. --- Algebraic extension. --- Algebraic number field. --- Algebraic structure. --- Algebraic variety. --- Analytic manifold. --- Automorphic function. --- Automorphism. --- Big O notation. --- CM-field. --- Characteristic polynomial. --- Class field theory. --- Coefficient. --- Complete variety. --- Complex conjugate. --- Complex multiplication. --- Complex number. --- Complex torus. --- Corollary. --- Degenerate bilinear form. --- Differential form. --- Direct product. --- Direct proof. --- Discrete valuation ring. --- Divisor. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Embedding. --- Endomorphism. --- Existential quantification. --- Field of fractions. --- Finite field. --- Fractional ideal. --- Function (mathematics). --- Fundamental theorem. --- Galois extension. --- Galois group. --- Galois theory. --- Generic point. --- Ground field. --- Group theory. --- Groupoid. --- Hecke character. --- Homology (mathematics). --- Homomorphism. --- Identity element. --- Integer. --- Irreducibility (mathematics). --- Irreducible representation. --- Lie group. --- Linear combination. --- Linear subspace. --- Local ring. --- Modular form. --- Natural number. --- Number theory. --- Polynomial. --- Prime factor. --- Prime ideal. --- Projective space. --- Projective variety. --- Rational function. --- Rational mapping. --- Rational number. --- Real number. --- Residue field. --- Riemann hypothesis. --- Root of unity. --- Scientific notation. --- Semisimple algebra. --- Simple algebra. --- Singular value. --- Special case. --- Subgroup. --- Subring. --- Subset. --- Summation. --- Theorem. --- Vector space. --- Zero element.

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Written for advanced undergraduate and first-year graduate students, this book aims to introduce students to a serious level of p-adic analysis with important implications for number theory. The main object is the study of G-series, that is, power series y=aij=0 Ajxj with coefficients in an algebraic number field K. These series satisfy a linear differential equation Ly=0 with LIK(x) [d/dx] and have non-zero radii of convergence for each imbedding of K into the complex numbers. They have the further property that the common denominators of the first s coefficients go to infinity geometrically with the index s. After presenting a review of valuation theory and elementary p-adic analysis together with an application to the congruence zeta function, this book offers a detailed study of the p-adic properties of formal power series solutions of linear differential equations. In particular, the p-adic radii of convergence and the p-adic growth of coefficients are studied. Recent work of Christol, Bombieri, André, and Dwork is treated and augmented. The book concludes with Chudnovsky's theorem: the analytic continuation of a G -series is again a G -series. This book will be indispensable for those wishing to study the work of Bombieri and André on global relations and for the study of the arithmetic properties of solutions of ordinary differential equations.

Analyse p-adique --- H-fonction --- H-functie --- H-function --- p-adic analyse --- p-adic analysis --- H-functions --- H-functions. --- p-adic analysis. --- Analysis, p-adic --- Algebra --- Calculus --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Fox's H-function --- G-functions, Generalized --- Generalized G-functions --- Generalized Mellin-Barnes functions --- Mellin-Barnes functions, Generalized --- Hypergeometric functions --- Adjoint. --- Algebraic Method. --- Algebraic closure. --- Algebraic number field. --- Algebraic number theory. --- Algebraic variety. --- Algebraically closed field. --- Analytic continuation. --- Analytic function. --- Argument principle. --- Arithmetic. --- Automorphism. --- Bearing (navigation). --- Binomial series. --- Calculation. --- Cardinality. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Cauchy sequence. --- Cauchy's theorem (geometry). --- Coefficient. --- Cohomology. --- Commutative ring. --- Complete intersection. --- Complex analysis. --- Conjecture. --- Density theorem. --- Differential equation. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Direct sum. --- Discrete valuation. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Elliptic curve. --- Equation. --- Equivalence class. --- Estimation. --- Existential quantification. --- Exponential function. --- Exterior algebra. --- Field of fractions. --- Finite field. --- Formal power series. --- Fuchs' theorem. --- G-module. --- Galois extension. --- Galois group. --- General linear group. --- Generic point. --- Geometry. --- Hypergeometric function. --- Identity matrix. --- Inequality (mathematics). --- Intercept method. --- Irreducible element. --- Irreducible polynomial. --- Laurent series. --- Limit of a sequence. --- Linear differential equation. --- Lowest common denominator. --- Mathematical induction. --- Meromorphic function. --- Modular arithmetic. --- Module (mathematics). --- Monodromy. --- Monotonic function. --- Multiplicative group. --- Natural number. --- Newton polygon. --- Number theory. --- P-adic number. --- Parameter. --- Permutation. --- Polygon. --- Polynomial. --- Projective line. --- Q.E.D. --- Quadratic residue. --- Radius of convergence. --- Rational function. --- Rational number. --- Residue field. --- Riemann hypothesis. --- Ring of integers. --- Root of unity. --- Separable polynomial. --- Sequence. --- Siegel's lemma. --- Special case. --- Square root. --- Subring. --- Subset. --- Summation. --- Theorem. --- Topology of uniform convergence. --- Transpose. --- Triangle inequality. --- Unipotent. --- Valuation ring. --- Weil conjecture. --- Wronskian. --- Y-intercept.

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Resolution of singularities is a powerful and frequently used tool in algebraic geometry. In this book, János Kollár provides a comprehensive treatment of the characteristic 0 case. He describes more than a dozen proofs for curves, many based on the original papers of Newton, Riemann, and Noether. Kollár goes back to the original sources and presents them in a modern context. He addresses three methods for surfaces, and gives a self-contained and entirely elementary proof of a strong and functorial resolution in all dimensions. Based on a series of lectures at Princeton University and written in an informal yet lucid style, this book is aimed at readers who are interested in both the historical roots of the modern methods and in a simple and transparent proof of this important theorem.

Singularities (Mathematics) --- 512.761 --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Singularities. Singular points of algebraic varieties --- 512.761 Singularities. Singular points of algebraic varieties --- Adjunction formula. --- Algebraic closure. --- Algebraic geometry. --- Algebraic space. --- Algebraic surface. --- Algebraic variety. --- Approximation. --- Asymptotic analysis. --- Automorphism. --- Bernhard Riemann. --- Big O notation. --- Birational geometry. --- C0. --- Canonical singularity. --- Codimension. --- Cohomology. --- Commutative algebra. --- Complex analysis. --- Complex manifold. --- Computability. --- Continuous function. --- Coordinate system. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Differential geometry of surfaces. --- Dimension. --- Divisor. --- Du Val singularity. --- Dual graph. --- Embedding. --- Equation. --- Equivalence relation. --- Euclidean algorithm. --- Factorization. --- Functor. --- General position. --- Generic point. --- Geometric genus. --- Geometry. --- Hyperplane. --- Hypersurface. --- Integral domain. --- Intersection (set theory). --- Intersection number (graph theory). --- Intersection theory. --- Irreducible component. --- Isolated singularity. --- Laurent series. --- Line bundle. --- Linear space (geometry). --- Linear subspace. --- Mathematical induction. --- Mathematics. --- Maximal ideal. --- Morphism. --- Newton polygon. --- Noetherian ring. --- Noetherian. --- Open problem. --- Open set. --- P-adic number. --- Pairwise. --- Parametric equation. --- Partial derivative. --- Plane curve. --- Polynomial. --- Power series. --- Principal ideal. --- Principalization (algebra). --- Projective space. --- Projective variety. --- Proper morphism. --- Puiseux series. --- Quasi-projective variety. --- Rational function. --- Regular local ring. --- Resolution of singularities. --- Riemann surface. --- Ring theory. --- Ruler. --- Scientific notation. --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Singularity theory. --- Smooth morphism. --- Smoothness. --- Special case. --- Subring. --- Summation. --- Surjective function. --- Tangent cone. --- Tangent space. --- Tangent. --- Taylor series. --- Theorem. --- Topology. --- Toric variety. --- Transversal (geometry). --- Variable (mathematics). --- Weierstrass preparation theorem. --- Weierstrass theorem. --- Zero set. --- Differential geometry. Global analysis

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In recent years, considerable progress has been made in studying algebraic cycles using infinitesimal methods. These methods have usually been applied to Hodge-theoretic constructions such as the cycle class and the Abel-Jacobi map. Substantial advances have also occurred in the infinitesimal theory for subvarieties of a given smooth variety, centered around the normal bundle and the obstructions coming from the normal bundle's first cohomology group. Here, Mark Green and Phillip Griffiths set forth the initial stages of an infinitesimal theory for algebraic cycles. The book aims in part to understand the geometric basis and the limitations of Spencer Bloch's beautiful formula for the tangent space to Chow groups. Bloch's formula is motivated by algebraic K-theory and involves differentials over Q. The theory developed here is characterized by the appearance of arithmetic considerations even in the local infinitesimal theory of algebraic cycles. The map from the tangent space to the Hilbert scheme to the tangent space to algebraic cycles passes through a variant of an interesting construction in commutative algebra due to Angéniol and Lejeune-Jalabert. The link between the theory given here and Bloch's formula arises from an interpretation of the Cousin flasque resolution of differentials over Q as the tangent sequence to the Gersten resolution in algebraic K-theory. The case of 0-cycles on a surface is used for illustrative purposes to avoid undue technical complications.

512.73 --- Cohomology theory of algebraic varieties and schemes --- 512.73 Cohomology theory of algebraic varieties and schemes --- Algebraic cycles. --- Hodge theory. --- Geometry, Algebraic. --- Algebraic geometry --- Geometry --- Complex manifolds --- Differentiable manifolds --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Homology theory --- Cycles, Algebraic --- Algebraic cycles --- Hodge theory --- Addition. --- Algebraic K-theory. --- Algebraic character. --- Algebraic curve. --- Algebraic cycle. --- Algebraic function. --- Algebraic geometry. --- Algebraic number. --- Algebraic surface. --- Algebraic variety. --- Analytic function. --- Approximation. --- Arithmetic. --- Chow group. --- Codimension. --- Coefficient. --- Coherent sheaf cohomology. --- Coherent sheaf. --- Cohomology. --- Cokernel. --- Combination. --- Compass-and-straightedge construction. --- Complex geometry. --- Complex number. --- Computable function. --- Conjecture. --- Coordinate system. --- Coprime integers. --- Corollary. --- Cotangent bundle. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Differential equation. --- Differential form. --- Differential geometry of surfaces. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dimension. --- Divisor. --- Duality (mathematics). --- Elliptic function. --- Embedding. --- Equation. --- Equivalence class. --- Equivalence relation. --- Exact sequence. --- Existence theorem. --- Existential quantification. --- Fermat's theorem. --- Formal proof. --- Fourier. --- Free group. --- Functional equation. --- Generic point. --- Geometry. --- Group homomorphism. --- Hereditary property. --- Hilbert scheme. --- Homomorphism. --- Injective function. --- Integer. --- Integral curve. --- K-group. --- K-theory. --- Linear combination. --- Mathematics. --- Moduli (physics). --- Moduli space. --- Multivector. --- Natural number. --- Natural transformation. --- Neighbourhood (mathematics). --- Open problem. --- Parameter. --- Polynomial ring. --- Principal part. --- Projective variety. --- Quantity. --- Rational function. --- Rational mapping. --- Reciprocity law. --- Regular map (graph theory). --- Residue theorem. --- Root of unity. --- Scientific notation. --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Smoothness. --- Statistical significance. --- Subgroup. --- Summation. --- Tangent space. --- Tangent vector. --- Tangent. --- Terminology. --- Tetrahedron. --- Theorem. --- Transcendental function. --- Transcendental number. --- Uniqueness theorem. --- Vector field. --- Vector space. --- Zariski topology.