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In line with the framework for addressing excessive delays in the completion of Article IV consultations, the following table lists the IMF members for whom the Article IV consultation has been delayed by more than 18 months as of December 15, 2018.

Finance: General --- General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation --- Finance --- Financial stability assessment --- Financial services industry

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In accordance with Executive Board Decision No. 15106-(12/21), the Fund will publish on its external website a list of member countries whose Article IV consultations or mandatory financial stability assessments have been delayed by more than 18 months, as of December 15, 2019, since the expected deadline for conclusion.

Finance: General --- General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation --- Finance --- Financial stability assessment --- Financial services industry

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This paper examines the evolving importance of banks and securities markets during the process of economic development. As economies develop, they increase their demand for the services provided by securities markets relative to those provided by banks, such that securities markets become increasingly important for future economic development. Some exploratory evidence further suggests that deviations of a country's actual financial structure-the mixture of banks and markets operating in an economy-from the estimated optimal structure are associated with lower levels of economic activity.

International Finance --- General Financial Markets --- Financial Institutions and Services --- Financial Markets • Saving and Capital Investment • Corporate Finance and Governance

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The paper assesses the degree of banking competition and efficiency in Italy?over time as well as compared to that in other countries, such as France, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The paper finds competition in the Italian banking sector has intensified in loan and deposit markets in recent years, but banks still operate in a highcost, high-income system, particularly with respect to retail/services, and efficiency gains have yet to fully materialize. The degree of competition falls within the range of estimates for a set of comparator countries. Greater contestability should act as a powerful force to drive banks to become more competitive and efficient. Competition policy will also continue to be an important consideration, both in enforcing Italy's antitrust laws and in ensuring that the procedures for dealing with weak banks and other merger and acquisition reviews focus on stability and competition objectives.

Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Macroeconomics --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banking --- Finance --- Competition --- Commercial banks --- Personal income --- Financial sector stability --- Banks and banking --- Income --- Financial services industry --- Italy

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The large and growing international linkages of big Irish banks expose them to idiosyncratic shocks arising in other countries. We analyze international interdependencies of Irish banks-during both normal times and in periods of large shocks or extreme events-using an existing methodology with distance to default (DD) data constructed from the banks' equity prices. The data covers daily observations from January 1994 to November 2005. We first construct rolling correlations between DDs of Irish banks and those of banks from other European countries and the U.S. to analyze trends in cross-country interdependencies. We then use a multinomial logit model to estimate the number of banks in Ireland that experience a large shock on the same day as banks in other countries ("coexceedances"), controlling for Ireland-specific and global factors. We find evidence of increasing cross-border interdependencies over time; differing interlinkage patterns in the pre-Euro, post-Euro, and the post-September 11th periods; and significant cross-border contagion risk from the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Netherlands. This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF. The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate.

Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Financial Risk Management --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- International Financial Markets --- General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banking --- Finance --- Stock markets --- Asset valuation --- Commercial banks --- Systemic risk --- Banks and banking --- Stock exchanges --- Asset-liability management --- Financial risk management --- United States --- Bank failures --- Risk.