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Presenting tools for understanding the behaviour of gas-liquid flows based on the ways large scale behaviour relates to small scale interactions, this text is ideal for engineers seeking to enhance the safety and efficiency of natural gas pipelines, water-cooled nuclear reactors, absorbers, distillation columns and gas lift pumps. The review of advanced concepts in fluid mechanics enables both graduate students and practising engineers to tackle the scientific literature and engage in advanced research. It focuses on gas-liquid flow in pipes as a simple system with meaningful experimental data. This unified theory develops design equations for predicting drop size, frictional pressure losses and slug frequency, which can be used to determine flow regimes, the effects of pipe diameter, liquid viscosity and gas density. It describes the effect of wavy boundaries and temporal oscillations on turbulent flows, and explains transition between phases, which is key to understanding the behaviour of gas-liquid flows.

Multiphase flow. --- Gas-liquid interfaces.

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"The design of chemical reactors and their safety are as critical to the success of a chemical process as the actual chemistry taking place within the reactor. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the practical aspects of multiphase reactor design and operation with an emphasis on safety and clean technology. It considers not only standard operation conditions, but also the problems of runaway reaction conditions and protection against ensuing over-pressure. Hydrodynamics of Multiphase Reactors addresses both practical and theoretical aspects of this topic. Initial chapters discuss various different types of gas/liquid reactors from a practical viewpoint, and later chapters focus on the modelling of multiphase systems and computational methods for reactor design and problem solving. The material is written by experts in their specific fields and will include chapters on the following topics: Multiphase flow, Bubble columns, Sparged stirred vessels, Macroscale modelling, Microscale modelling, Runaway conditions, Behaviour of vessel contents, Choked flow, Measurement techniques"--

Chemical reactors --- Gas-liquid interfaces. --- Technology & engineering --- Design and construction. --- Fluid dynamics --- Mathematical models. --- Chemical & biochemical.

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This book constitutes a comprehensive survey of the balance equations for mass, momentum and energy for the interfaces in pure fluids and mixtures. Constitutive laws are presented for many situations in engineering science, and examples are provided, including surface viscosity effects, variable surface tension and vapor recoil. In addition, some extensions of existing theory are given: stretch effect in premixed flames, relaxation zones downstream two-phase shock waves, and effective surface tension for steep gradient zones. Contents: Thermodynamics and Kinematics of Interfaces; Interface Bal

Liquid-liquid interfaces --- Gas-liquid interfaces --- Thermodynamics. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Liquid-gas interfaces --- Interfaces (Physical sciences) --- Mathematical models.

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Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes: Gas-Liquid Systems describes the methodology and application of physical and mathematical modeling to multi-phase flow phenomena in materials processing. The book focuses on systems involving gas-liquid interaction, the most prevalent in current metallurgical processes. The performance characteristics of these processes are largely dependent on transport phenomena. This volume covers the inherent characteristics that complicate the modeling of transport phenomena in such systems, including complex multiphase structure, intense turbulence, opacity of fluid, high temperature, coupled heat and mass transfer, chemical reactions in some cases, and poor wettability of the reactor walls. Also discussed are: -Solutions based on experimental and numerical modeling of bubbling jet systems -Recent advances in the modeling of nanoscale multi-phase phenomena -Multiphase flows in micro-scale and nano-scale channels and reactors Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes: Gas-Liquid Systems will prove a valuable reference for researchers and engineers working in mathematical modeling and materials processing.

Chemical reactions -- Mathematical models. --- Dispersion -- Mathematical models. --- Fluid mechanics. --- Heat -- Transmission -- Mathematical models. --- Manufacturing processes -- Mathematical models. --- Mass transfer -- Mathematical models. --- Multiphase flow -- Mathematical models. --- Transport theory. --- Multiphase flow --- Gas-liquid interfaces --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Civil Engineering --- Applied Mathematics --- Mathematical models --- Gas-liquid interfaces. --- Boltzmann transport equation --- Transport phenomena --- Liquid-gas interfaces --- Engineering. --- Applied mathematics. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Thermodynamics. --- Heat engineering. --- Heat transfer. --- Mass transfer. --- Materials --- Thin films. --- Appl.Mathematics/Computational Methods of Engineering. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer. --- Surfaces. --- Mathematical physics --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Radiation --- Statistical mechanics --- Interfaces (Physical sciences) --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Physics --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Engineering --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Mathematics --- Materials—Surfaces. --- Mass transport (Physics) --- Thermodynamics --- Transport theory --- Heat transfer --- Thermal transfer --- Transmission of heat --- Energy transfer --- Heat --- Mechanical engineering --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Coatings --- Thick films