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Public law. Constitutional law --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- Fraud --- Commercial crimes --- Law enforcement --- Fraude --- Infractions économiques --- Lois --- Prevention. --- Public opinion. --- Prévention --- Application --- Opinion publique --- Prevention --- Public opinion --- Infractions économiques --- Prévention --- europe --- fraude --- communicatie --- douane --- europa --- communication --- Fraud - European Union countries - Prevention --- Commercial crimes - European Union countries - Prevention --- Law enforcement - European Union countries - Public opinion

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The fight against corruption emerged as one of the most significant issues during the 2004 enlargement of the EU and gained even more importance with the accession of Romania and Bulgaria in 2007. In order to prepare candidate countries for membership, the EU found it necessary to create new institutions and mechanisms to address corruption. Patrycja Szarek-Mason traces the development of the EU anti-corruption framework, showing how recent enlargements transformed EU policy and highlighting inequities between the treatment of candidate countries and existing Member States. The experience gained during the 2004 enlargement led to a more robust anti-corruption stance during the accession of Bulgaria and Romania and will have implications for future enlargements of the EU. However, the framework can still be strengthened to address corruption adequately and promote higher standards among Member States, especially through greater use of 'soft law' in the form of mutually agreed, non-legally binding policy recommendations.

Political corruption --- Fraud --- European Union --- European Union. --- #SBIB:35H52 --- #SBIB:327.7H232 --- Boss rule --- Corruption (in politics) --- Graft in politics --- Malversation --- Political scandals --- Politics, Practical --- Corruption --- Misconduct in office --- Ethiek van bestuur en beleid --- Europese Unie: binnenlands beleid en justitie --- Corrupt practices --- E.U. --- Political corruption - European Union countries --- Fraud - European Union countries --- Pologne --- Bulgarie --- Roumanie --- Law --- General and Others

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Fraud --- Finance, Public --- Fraude --- Finances publiques --- Law and legislation --- Criminal provisions --- Droit --- Droit pénal --- Droit pénal --- Criminal provisions. --- Fraud - European Union countries - Congresses. --- Finance, Public - Law and legislation - European Union countries - Criminal provisions - Congresses. --- Droit européen et droit interne. --- Droit pénal (droit européen). --- Fraude (droit européen). --- Infractions économiques et financières --- Union européenne --- Crédits budgétaires et dépenses --- Droit.

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Fraud --- Subsidies --- Smuggling --- Law and legislation --- Criminal provisions. --- -Fraud --- -Smuggling --- -Subsidies --- -Business subsidies --- Corporate subsidies --- Corporate welfare --- Government subsidies --- Grants --- Subventions --- Vouchers (Subsidies) --- Welfare, Corporate --- Government aid --- Foreign trade promotion --- Trade adjustment assistance --- Contraband trade --- Rumrunning --- Crime --- Customs administration --- Commercial fraud --- Deceit --- Misrepresentation (Crime) --- Commercial crimes --- Deception --- Torts --- Hoaxes --- Impostors and imposture --- -Law and legislation --- -Criminal provisions --- Business subsidies --- Law and legislation&delete& --- Criminal provisions --- Netherlands --- European Union countries --- Fraud - Netherlands. --- Subsidies - Law and legislation - Netherlands - Criminal provisions. --- Smuggling - Netherlands. --- Fraud - European Union countries. --- Subsidies - Law and legislation - European Union countries - Criminal provisions. --- Smuggling - European Union countries.

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Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- European law --- European Union --- Droit pénal (droit européen) --- Fraude (droit européen) --- Commercial crimes --- Fraud --- Tax evasion --- Criminal procedure --- European Union. --- -Fraud --- -Tax evasion --- -Commercial crimes --- -Corporate crime --- Crimes, Financial --- Financial crimes --- Offenses affecting the public trade --- Crime --- Evasion, Fiscal --- Fiscal evasion --- Tax avoidance --- Tax delinquency --- Tax-dodging --- Tax fraud --- Taxation --- Taxation, Evasion of --- White collar crimes --- Commercial fraud --- Deceit --- Misrepresentation (Crime) --- Deception --- Torts --- Hoaxes --- Impostors and imposture --- Criminal law --- Courts --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Procedure (Law) --- Public law --- Appellate procedure --- Criminal courts --- Trial practice --- Evasion --- Pleading and practice --- Law and legislation --- Droit pénal (droit européen) --- Fraude (droit européen) --- Corporate crime --- E.U. --- Infractions économiques --- Fraude --- Fraude fiscale --- Procédure pénale --- Europe --- Commercial crimes - European Union countries. --- Fraud - European Union countries. --- Tax evasion - European Union countries. --- Criminal procedure - European Union countries. --- Justice pénale --- Infractions économiques et financières --- Droit pénal (droit européen). --- Fraude (droit européen). --- Administration --- Union européenne.