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During the dissolution of the former Carolingian Empire, warfare and plunder went unchecked. An innovative response to this violence was the Church-led initiative known as the Peace of God, perhaps history's earliest mass peace movement. In the thirteen essays collected here, leading scholars consider key aspects of the movement and episodes in its history.

Peace --- Peace movements --- Paix --- Mouvements pacifistes --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- History of doctrines --- History --- Aspect religieux --- Christianisme --- Histoire des doctrines --- Histoire --- France --- Religious life and customs --- Social conditions --- Vie religieuse --- Conditions sociales --- Violence --- Violent behavior --- Social psychology --- Coexistence, Peaceful --- Peaceful coexistence --- International relations --- Disarmament --- Peace-building --- Security, International --- War --- Anti-war movements --- Antiwar movements --- Protest movements, War --- War protest movements --- Social movements --- Religious life and customs. --- History of doctrines. --- Peace - Religious aspects - Christianity - History of doctrines - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Peace movements - France - History - To 1500 --- France - Social conditions - 987-1515 --- France - Religious life and customs --- PAIX DE DIEU --- BOURGOGNE (FRANCE, DUCHÉ) --- AQUITAINE (FRANCE) --- PELERINS ET PELERINAGES --- SAINTS --- VIOLENCE --- HERESIES ET HERETIQUES --- AUVERGNE (FRANCE) --- LIMOUSIN (FRANCE) --- BOURGES (FRANCE) --- HISTOIRE SOCIALE --- HISTOIRE RELIGIEUSE --- HISTOIRE --- 10E-11E SIECLES --- 10E-12E SIECLES --- FRANCE --- CULTE --- MOYEN AGE --- 600-1500 (MOYEN AGE) --- 09E-11E SIECLES --- Histoire religieuse

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This book is first and foremost an extended examination and discussion of the enslavement of men and women by others of their society and in particular of the means and causes of the gradual end of slavery in early medieval Europe between 500 and 1200. Drawing upon a very wide range of primary and archival sources, Professor Bonnassie places fresh findings about subjection, servitude and lordship in relation to the prevailing understanding of social history which has developed since the work of Marc Bloch. The author explains how slavery long persisted in southern France and Spain, as part of a public order that also sheltered free peasants, giving way in the tenth and eleventh centuries to a new regime of harsh lordships that mark the beginnings of feudalism. He shows that feudalism in south-western Europe was no less significant than in northern European lands.

Serfdom --- Slavery --- Social history --- Servage --- Esclavage --- Histoire sociale --- History --- Histoire --- France --- Spain --- Espagne --- Social conditions --- Conditions sociales --- 316.323.5 --- 321.17 --- 326 "04/14" --- -Slavery --- -Social history --- -Descriptive sociology --- Sociology --- Abolition of slavery --- Antislavery --- Enslavement --- Mui tsai --- Ownership of slaves --- Servitude --- Slave keeping --- Slave system --- Slaveholding --- Thralldom --- Crimes against humanity --- Slaveholders --- Slaves --- Forced labor --- Land tenure --- Villeinage --- Feodalisme--(globale samenlevingsvorm) --- Clientelisme. Feodalisme. Vazallen. Viri devoti --(politieke stelsels) --- Slavernij--(algemeen)--Middeleeuwen --- Law and legislation --- -Social conditions --- -Serfdom --- History. --- -Feodalisme--(globale samenlevingsvorm) --- -316.323.5 --- 326 "04/14" Slavernij--(algemeen)--Middeleeuwen --- 316.323.5 Feodalisme--(globale samenlevingsvorm) --- 321.17 Clientelisme. Feodalisme. Vazallen. Viri devoti --(politieke stelsels) --- Espanja --- Spanien --- Hiszpania --- Spanish State --- España --- Estado Español --- Hispania --- Sefarad --- Sepharad --- Shpanye --- Shpanie --- Reino de España --- Kingdom of Spain --- Reino d'Espanya --- Reinu d'España --- Espainiako Erresuma --- Regne d'Espanya --- Reiaume d'Espanha --- Espanya --- Espanha --- スペイン --- Supein --- イスパニア --- Isupania --- Pʻŭrangsŭ --- Frankrig --- Francja --- Frant︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Prantsusmaa --- Francia (Republic) --- Tsarfat --- Tsorfat --- Franḳraykh --- Frankreich --- Fa-kuo --- Faguo --- Франция --- French Republic --- République française --- Peurancih --- Frankryk --- Franse Republiek --- Francland --- Frencisc Cynewīse --- فرنسا --- Faransā --- Franza --- Republica Franzesa --- Gallia (Republic) --- Hyãsia --- Phransiya --- Fransa --- Fransa Respublikası --- Franse --- Францыя --- Frantsyi︠a︡ --- Французская Рэспубліка --- Frantsuzskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Parancis --- Pransya --- Franis --- Francuska --- Republika Francuska --- Bro-C'hall --- Френска република --- Frenska republika --- França --- República Francesa --- Pransiya --- Republikang Pranses --- Γαλλία --- Gallia --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- Gallikē Dēmokratia --- فرانسه --- Farānsah --- צרפת --- רפובליקה הצרפתית --- Republiḳah ha-Tsarfatit --- פראנקרייך --- 法国 --- 法蘭西共和國 --- Falanxi Gongheguo --- フランス --- Furansu --- フランス共和国 --- Furansu Kyōwakoku --- Francija --- Ranska --- Frankrike --- Europe --- Medieval, 500-1500 --- To 1800 --- To 987 --- 987-1515 --- Serfdom - Europe - History. --- Social history - Medieval, 500-1500. --- Spain - Social conditions - To 1800. --- France - Social conditions - To 987. --- France - Social conditions - 987-1515. --- Middle Ages, 500-1500 --- Arts and Humanities --- Serfdom - Europe - History --- Slavery - Europe - History --- Social history - Medieval, 500-1500 --- Spain - Social conditions - To 1800 --- France - Social conditions - To 987 --- France - Social conditions - 987-1515 --- Enslaved persons

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France --- Germany --- Allemagne --- Politics and government --- Social conditions --- Politique et gouvernement --- Conditions sociales --- Constitutional history, Medieval --- 34 <09> --- Rechtsgeschiedenis --(algemeen) --- -Politics and government --- -Social conditions --- -Social conditions. --- Constitutional history, Medieval. --- Social conditions. --- 34 <09> Rechtsgeschiedenis --(algemeen) --- Weimar Republic --- Germanii︠a︡ --- Германия --- BRD --- FRN --- Jirmānīya --- جرمانيا --- Nimechchyna --- Gjermani --- Federalʹna Respublika Nimechchyny --- Veĭmarskai︠a︡ Respublika --- Ashkenaz --- Germanyah --- Bundesrepublik Deutschland --- Federal Republic of Germany --- Deutschland --- Repoblika Federalin'i Alemana --- República Federal de Alemania --- Alemania --- República de Alemania --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh German Uls --- Kholboony Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh German Uls --- KhBNGU --- ХБНГУ --- German Uls --- Germania --- Republika Federal Alemmana --- Deutsches Reich --- Grossdeutsches Reich --- Weimarer Republik --- Vācijā --- Pʻŭrangsŭ --- Frankrig --- Francja --- Frant︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Prantsusmaa --- Francia (Republic) --- Tsarfat --- Tsorfat --- Franḳraykh --- Frankreich --- Fa-kuo --- Faguo --- Франция --- French Republic --- République française --- Peurancih --- Frankryk --- Franse Republiek --- Francland --- Frencisc Cynewīse --- فرنسا --- Faransā --- Franza --- Republica Franzesa --- Gallia (Republic) --- Hyãsia --- Phransiya --- Fransa --- Fransa Respublikası --- Franse --- Францыя --- Frantsyi︠a︡ --- Французская Рэспубліка --- Frantsuzskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Parancis --- Pransya --- Franis --- Francuska --- Republika Francuska --- Bro-C'hall --- Френска република --- Frenska republika --- França --- República Francesa --- Pransiya --- Republikang Pranses --- Γαλλία --- Gallia --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- Gallikē Dēmokratia --- فرانسه --- Farānsah --- צרפת --- רפובליקה הצרפתית --- Republiḳah ha-Tsarfatit --- פראנקרייך --- 法国 --- 法蘭西共和國 --- Falanxi Gongheguo --- フランス --- Furansu --- フランス共和国 --- Furansu Kyōwakoku --- Francija --- Ranska --- Frankrike --- France - Politics and government - To 987 --- France - Politics and government - 987-1328 --- France - Social conditions - To 987 --- France - Social conditions - 987-1515 --- Germany - Politics and government - To 1517

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Day of Reckoning: Power and Accountability in Medieval France applies recent approaches to literacy, legal studies, memory, ritual, and the manorial economy to reexamine the transformation of medieval power. Highlighting the relationship of archives and power, it draws on the rich documentary sources of five of the largest Benedictine monasteries in northern France and Flanders, with comparisons to others, over a period of nearly four centuries. The book opens up new perspectives on important problems of power, in particular the idea and practice of accountability. In a violent society, medieval lords tried to delegate power rather than share it-to get their men to prosecute justice or raise money legitimately, rather than through extortion and pillage. Robert F. Berkhofer III explains how subordinates were held accountable by abbots administering the extensive holdings of Saint-Bertin, Saint-Denis, Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Saint-Père-de-Chartres, and Saint-Vaast-d'Arras. As the abbots began to discipline their agents and monitor their conduct, the "day of reckoning" took on new meaning, as customary meeting days were used to hold agents accountable. By 1200, written and unwritten techniques of rule developed in the monasteries had moved into the secular world; in these practices lay the origins of administration, bureaucratic power, and governance, all hallmarks of the modern state.

Benedictine monasteries --- Monastères bénédictins --- History --- Sources. --- Histoire --- Sources --- France --- Church history --- Politics and government --- Social conditions --- Histoire religieuse --- Politique et gouvernement --- Conditions sociales --- Monastères bénédictins --- Monasteries --- Pʻŭrangsŭ --- Frankrig --- Francja --- Frant︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Prantsusmaa --- Francia (Republic) --- Tsarfat --- Tsorfat --- Franḳraykh --- Frankreich --- Fa-kuo --- Faguo --- Франция --- French Republic --- République française --- Peurancih --- Frankryk --- Franse Republiek --- Francland --- Frencisc Cynewīse --- فرنسا --- Faransā --- Franza --- Republica Franzesa --- Gallia (Republic) --- Hyãsia --- Phransiya --- Fransa --- Fransa Respublikası --- Franse --- Францыя --- Frantsyi︠a︡ --- Французская Рэспубліка --- Frantsuzskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Parancis --- Pransya --- Franis --- Francuska --- Republika Francuska --- Bro-C'hall --- Френска република --- Frenska republika --- França --- República Francesa --- Pransiya --- Republikang Pranses --- Γαλλία --- Gallia --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- Gallikē Dēmokratia --- فرانسه --- Farānsah --- צרפת --- רפובליקה הצרפתית --- Republiḳah ha-Tsarfatit --- פראנקרייך --- 法国 --- 法蘭西共和國 --- Falanxi Gongheguo --- フランス --- Furansu --- フランス共和国 --- Furansu Kyōwakoku --- Francija --- Ranska --- Frankrike --- France (Provisional government, 1944-1946) --- Fa-lan-hsi --- Falanxi --- Frankrijk --- Frant︠s︡ --- Frant︠s︡ Uls --- Франц --- Франц Улс --- 法蘭西 --- 프랑스 --- Benedictine monasteries - France - History - Sources --- France - History - Medieval period, 987-1515 - Sources --- France - Church history - 987-1515 - Sources --- France - Politics and government - 987-1328 - Sources --- France - Social conditions - 987-1515 - Sources --- Business. --- History. --- Medieval and Renaissance Studies.

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Parisian Confraternity Drama of the Fourteenth Century is the first volume of studies devoted solely to the Miracles de Nostre Dame par personnages. These anonymous plays, found in a single luxury manuscript, comprise the only major corpus of dramatic works in French that have survived from the fourteenth century. They derive from a rich diversity of sources: narrative miracle accounts, saints’ lives, epic chansons de geste, vernacular romances, and history. Each play is preceded by a richly detailed miniature, some two dozen include a sermon in prose, and each includes at least one rondel to be sung by the cortege accompanying the Virgin. They constitute both a collective demonstration of the fervent late-medieval devotion to the Virgin, and a substantial archive of contemporary insights into the issues of power, authority, and influence that struggled for dominance in fourteenth-century Paris. As this extraordinary collection has, in its entirety, attracted little critical attention to date, this volume will be of significant interest to scholars wishing to explore the plays in their literary context, as well as those interested in medieval drama, the Marian tradition, and the role of confraternities in fourteenth-century French culture.

Old French literature --- Thematology --- Mary [s.] --- anno 1300-1399 --- Miracles de Nostre Dame par personnages --- --Marie, --- Dévotion --- --Moyen âge, --- Mary, --- French drama --- Christian drama, French --- Social problems in literature --- France --- Histoire sociale --- --In literature --- History and criticism --- History and criticism. --- Social conditions --- Problèmes sociaux dans la littérature --- Sociale problemen in de literatuur --- 840 "13" --- 840 "13" Franse literatuur--?"13" --- Franse literatuur--?"13" --- Social problems in literature. --- Théâtre français --- Théâtre chrétien français --- Problèmes sociaux dans la littérature --- Histoire et critique --- In literature. --- Miracles de Nostre Dame par personnages. --- Conditions sociales --- French literature --- French Christian drama --- ʻAdhrāʼ --- Arogyamata --- Ārōkkiyamāta --- Birhen ng mga Dukha --- Blessed Lady --- Blessed Mother --- Blessed Virgin Mary, --- Hagnē Theotokos --- Madonna, The --- Mama Mary --- Mare de Déu --- Maria, --- Mariam Astuatsatsin --- Marie, --- Marie Théotokos --- Marii︠a︡, --- Maryam, --- Maryja, --- Meryem Ana --- Miryam, --- Mother of God --- Muíre, --- Nossa Senhora --- Our Lady --- Our Lady of Good Health --- Our Lady of Sorrows --- Our Lady of the Blessed Sacrament --- Qiddīsah Maryam --- Theotokos --- Vierge Marie, --- Virgen María --- Virgin Mary, --- Virgin of the Poor --- Ynang Maria --- مريم --- مريم العذراء --- 성모마리아 --- Our Lady of Emmitsburg --- Majka Isusova --- In literature --- Miracles de Notre-Dame par personnages --- Pʻŭrangsŭ --- Frankrig --- Francja --- Frant︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Prantsusmaa --- Francia (Republic) --- Tsarfat --- Tsorfat --- Franḳraykh --- Frankreich --- Fa-kuo --- Faguo --- Франция --- French Republic --- République française --- Peurancih --- Frankryk --- Franse Republiek --- Francland --- Frencisc Cynewīse --- فرنسا --- Faransā --- Franza --- Republica Franzesa --- Gallia (Republic) --- Hyãsia --- Phransiya --- Fransa --- Fransa Respublikası --- Franse --- Францыя --- Frantsyi︠a︡ --- Французская Рэспубліка --- Frantsuzskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Parancis --- Pransya --- Franis --- Francuska --- Republika Francuska --- Bro-C'hall --- Френска република --- Frenska republika --- França --- República Francesa --- Pransiya --- Republikang Pranses --- Γαλλία --- Gallia --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- Gallikē Dēmokratia --- فرانسه --- Farānsah --- צרפת --- רפובליקה הצרפתית --- Republiḳah ha-Tsarfatit --- פראנקרייך --- 法国 --- 法蘭西共和國 --- Falanxi Gongheguo --- フランス --- Furansu --- フランス共和国 --- Furansu Kyōwakoku --- Francija --- Ranska --- Frankrike --- France (Provisional government, 1944-1946) --- Mary [Blessed Virgin ] --- To 1500 --- Christian drama [French ] --- 987-1515 --- 프랑스 --- Falanxi --- Fa-lan-hsi --- 法蘭西 --- Frankrijk --- Frant︠s︡ --- Франц --- Frant︠s︡ Uls --- Франц Улс --- Moyen âge, 476-1492 --- Mary, - Blessed Virgin, Saint - In literature --- French drama - To 1500 - History and criticism --- Christian drama, French - History and criticism. --- France - Social conditions - 987-1515 --- Mariam Astuatsatsin, --- Meryem Ana, --- Virgen María, --- Ynang Maria, --- Mary, - Blessed Virgin, Saint