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German language --- Foreign workers --- Communication --- Study and teaching --- Turkish speakers --- Greek speakers --- Language --- Alien labor --- -Communication --- -German language --- -Ashkenazic German language --- Hochdeutsch --- Judaeo-German language (German) --- Judendeutsch language --- Judeo-German language (German) --- Jüdisch-Deutsch language --- Jüdischdeutsch language --- Germanic languages --- Communication, Primitive --- Mass communication --- Sociology --- Aliens --- Foreign labor --- Guest workers --- Guestworkers --- Immigrant labor --- Immigrant workers --- Migrant labor (Foreign workers) --- Migrant workers (Foreign workers) --- Employees --- -Greek speakers --- -Turkish speakers --- Employment --- Communication. --- Language. --- Greek speakers. --- Turkish speakers. --- -Language --- -Communication, Primitive --- Ashkenazic German language --- Study and teaching&delete& --- Noncitizen labor --- Noncitizens --- German language - Study and teaching - Turkish speakers --- German language - Study and teaching - Greek speakers --- Foreign workers - Germany (West) - Language

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Retroviruses cause chronic infections and insertion mutations in their hosts, often leading to the appearance of tumors. Studies of retrovirus-induced tumors have led to our understanding of many crucial concepts in cell and cancer biology, including the discoveries of reverse transcriptase, viral oncogenes, cellular proto-oncogenes and signal transduction pathways. This monograph provides an intriguing set of chapters on the many facets of retroviral involvement in cancers arising in a variety of organisms from fish to humans. Each chapter is written by experts in the field and relates recent work to previous experimental data. Retroviruses use many different mechanisms to induce cancers, ranging from activation of microRNAs, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, activation or modifications of proto-oncogenes, as well as expression of viral proteins that manipulate cell signaling and the immune system. In recent years, retroviruses have been used as tools, not only for the characterization of cellular pathways, but also as vectors to deliver therapeutic or engineered genes. This knowledge is all the more startling due to the revelation that nearly 10% of the human genome consists of endogenous retroviruses, including many that are transcriptionally active. The emergence of new endogenous retroviruses causing lethal leukemias in koalas and, potentially, prostate cancer in humans ensures that the unique interactions of these viruses with their hosts will continue to fascinate and illuminate us.

Carcinogenesis. --- Foreign workers --Germany (West). --- German language --Social aspects. --- German language --Syntax --Study and teaching --Foreign speakers. --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Language and languages --Variation. --- Retrovirus infections. --- Viral carcinogenesis. --- Retroviruses --- Oncogenic viruses --- Viral carcinogenesis --- RNA Viruses --- Vertebrate Viruses --- Genes --- Diseases --- Viruses --- Genome Components --- Genome --- Organisms --- Genetic Structures --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Retroviridae --- Oncogenic Viruses --- Genes, Neoplasm --- Neoplasms --- Biology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Oncology --- Language and languages --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- German language --- Foreign workers --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Variation --- Study and teaching --- Syntax --- Foreign speakers --- Social aspects --- Retroviruses. --- Oncogenic viruses. --- C-type RNA viruses --- Leukemogenic viruses --- Leukoviruses --- Oncornaviruses --- Oncoviruses --- RNA tumor viruses --- Cancer-causing viruses --- Cancer viruses --- Oncoviruses (Oncogenic viruses) --- Tumor viruses --- Tumorigenic viruses --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Medical microbiology. --- Virology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Medical Microbiology. --- RNA viruses --- Microbial carcinogenesis --- Oncology. --- Medical virology. --- Microbiology. --- Medical microbiology --- Virology --- Virus diseases --- Tumors --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Microbiology --- Cancer research