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This volume is a collection of review articles on the most outstanding topics in heavy flavour physics. All the authors have made significant contributions to this field. The book reviews in detail the theoretical structure of heavy flavour physics within the Standard Model and its confrontation with existing experimental data. The physics of the top quark and of the Higgs play an important role in this volume. Beginning with radiative electroweak corrections and their impressive tests at LEP and hadron colliders, the book summarizes the present status of quark mixing, CP violation and rare de

Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Quantum flavor dynamics. --- Dynamics, Quantum flavor --- Flavor dynamics, Quantum --- Quantum theory --- Quarks --- Flavor (Nuclear physics) --- Flavor models (Nuclear physics) --- Top quark models --- Truth models (Nuclear physics) --- Flavor. --- Particules (Physique nucléaire) --- Flavor --- Saveur --- Heavy particles (Nuclear physics)

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This PhD thesis is dedicated to a subfield of elementary particle physics called “Flavour Physics”. The Standard Model of Particle Physics (SM) has been confirmed by thousands of experimental measurements with a high precision. But the SM leaves important questions open, like what is the nature of dark matter or what is the origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe. By comparing high precision Standard Model calculations with extremely precise measurements, one can find the first glimpses of the physics beyond the SM – currently we see the first hints of a potential breakdown of the SM in flavour observables. This can then be compared with purely theoretical considerations about new physics models, known as model building. Both precision calculations and model building are extremely specialised fields and this outstanding thesis contributes significantly to both topics within the field of Flavour Physics and sheds new light on the observed anomalies.

Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Flavor. --- Flavor (Nuclear physics) --- Flavor models (Nuclear physics) --- Top quark models --- Truth models (Nuclear physics) --- Quarks --- Quantum theory. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics. --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Mathematical physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Relativity (Physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics --- Mathematics

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This book reports on the search for a new heavy particle, the Vector-Like Top quark (VLT), in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The signal process is the pair production of VLT decaying into a Higgs boson and top quark (TT→Ht+X, X=Ht, Wb, Zt). The signal events result in top–antitop quarks final states with additional heavy flavour jets. The book summarises the analysis of the data collected with the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016. In order to better differentiate between signals and backgrounds, exclusive taggers of top quark and Higgs boson were developed and optimised for VLT signals. These efforts improved the sensitivity by roughly 30%, compared to the previous analysis. The analysis outcomes yield the strongest constraints on parameter space in various BSM theoretical models. In addition, the book addresses detector operation and the evaluation of tracking performance. These efforts are essential to properly collecting dense events and improving the accuracy of the reconstructed objects that are used for particle identification. As such, they represent a valuable contribution to data analysis in extremely dense environments.

Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Flavor. --- Flavor (Nuclear physics) --- Flavor models (Nuclear physics) --- Top quark models --- Truth models (Nuclear physics) --- Quarks --- Particle acceleration. --- Nuclear physics. --- Heavy ions. --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics. --- Nuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadrons. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Relativity (Physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics --- Ions --- Atomic nuclei --- Atoms, Nuclei of --- Nucleus of the atom --- Physics --- Acceleration (Mechanics) --- Acceleration

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In this thesis, the measurement of double-spin asymmetry for electron production from heavy flavor decays was performed in a Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) in the PHENIX experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory to measure the polarized parton distribution function of gluon in the small Bjorken x region (x~0.01).   For this experiment, for the first time a Hadron Blind Detector (HBD), which is a position-sensitive gas Cherenkov counter with Gas Electron Multiplier whose surface is evaporated by CsI, was employed. This HBD contributes to reducing the background from electron pairs produced by real and virtual photon conversion. Furthermore, the author develops a new analysis method for the background reduction, and the signal-to-background ratio is improved by a factor of roughly 2.0. Using the combination of the HBD and a new analysis method, the double-spin asymmetry of the electron production with transverse momentum ranging 0.5 < pT < 3.0 GeV/c is measured and confirmed to be zero-consistent within the limit of the statistical uncertainty of about 1%. This result identifies the constraint of the gluon polarization in the small Bjorken x region, a worldwide first.

Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Heavy particles (Nuclear physics) --- Symmetry (Physics) --- Flavor. --- Invariance principles (Physics) --- Symmetry (Chemistry) --- Conservation laws (Physics) --- Physics --- Flavor (Nuclear physics) --- Flavor models (Nuclear physics) --- Top quark models --- Truth models (Nuclear physics) --- Quarks --- Nuclear physics. --- Particle acceleration. --- Nuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadrons. --- Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Acceleration (Mechanics) --- Nuclear physics --- Atomic nuclei --- Atoms, Nuclei of --- Nucleus of the atom --- Acceleration --- Heavy ions. --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement   . --- Measuring --- Mensuration --- Mathematics --- Technology --- Metrology --- Physical measurements --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Measurement --- Ions

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The second edition of this monograph discusses the usefulness of heavy flavor as a probe of TeV-scale physics, exploring a number of recently-uncovered “flavor anomalies” that are suggestive of possible TeV-scale phenomena. The large human endeavor at the Large Hadron Collider has not turned up any New Physics, except the last particle of the Standard Model, the Higgs boson. Revised and updated throughout, this book puts the first results from the LHC into perspective and provides an outlook for a new era of flavor physics. The author readdresses many questions raised in the first edition and poses new ones. As before, the experimental perspective is taken, with a focus on processes, rather than theories or models, as a basis for exploration, and two-thirds of the book is concerned with b -^ s or bs sb transitions. In the face of the advent of Belle II and other flavor experiments, this book becomes a part of a dialogue between the energy/collider and intensity/flavor frontiers that will continue over the coming decade. Researchers with an interest in modern particle physics will find this book particularly valuable.

Quantum theory. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Quantum flavor dynamics. --- B mesons. --- CP violation (Nuclear physics) --- Flavor. --- Charge conjugation parity violation --- Violation, Charge conjugation parity --- Symmetry (Physics) --- Beauty mesons --- Bottom mesons --- Mesons --- Dynamics, Quantum flavor --- Flavor dynamics, Quantum --- Quantum theory --- Quarks --- Flavor (Nuclear physics) --- Flavor models (Nuclear physics) --- Top quark models --- Truth models (Nuclear physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Relativity (Physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics