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Women in rural development --- Femmes en milieu rural --- Femmes en milieu rural --- Travail

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Vie rurale --- Agriculture --- Paysannerie --- Agriculture --- Femmes en milieu rural --- Conditions rurales --- Aspect économique

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The Grameen Bank of Bangladesh has been extending small loans to poor borrowers (primarily women) to promote self-employment and income generation since 1976. The apparent success of the Grameen Bank (that is, recruitment of clients, investment of loans, recovery rates on invested loans and profit margins) has made microcredit a new model for poverty alleviation and sustainable development. Anthropological research results on Grameen Bank lending to women presented in this book, however, illuminates the link between the success of the bank and debt-cycling of borrowers. The priority of earning profits to insure institutional economic viability caused Bank employees at the grassroots level to emphasize increasing the number of loans disbursed and loan recovery. By using the joint liability model of lending, the Bank workers and borrowing peers impose intense pressure on clients for timely repayment. Many borrowers maintain their regular payment schedules, but do so through a process of loan recycling (that is, pay off previous loans with new ones) that considerably increases borrower debt liability. The debt burdens on individual households in turn increase tension and anxiety among household members and produce unintended consequences for many clients. This book examines women borrowers' involvement with the microcredit program of the Grameen Bank, and the grassroots lending structure of the bank; it illustrates the implications of Grameen lending for the borrowers, their household members and bank workers. The focus of the study is on the processes of village-level microcredit operation; it addresses the realities of the day-to-day lives of women borrowers and bank workers and explains informant strategies for involving themselves in this microcredit scheme. The study is on the power dynamics of everyday lives of informants as they affect women borrowers' relationships within the household and the loan centers, and bank worker relationships within the loan center and the bank.

Bank loans --- Rural women --- Prêts bancaires --- Femmes en milieu rural --- Bank loans. --- Rural women --- Economic conditions. --- Conditions économiques. --- Economic conditions. --- Grameen Bank. --- Grameen Bank. --- Bangladesh.

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Kechnie places the WI within the context of the country life movement emanating from the United States, arguing that Ontario farm women's attempts to organize should be viewed as part of the Department of Agricultural's efforts to revive the flagging fortunes of the Farmers' Institutes and encourage farm women to embrace "scientific home management" in order to modernize farm homes and discourage the depopulation of Ontario's farms. While many men and women within the farm community supported the government's attempts to encourage "book farming," many others resisted the state's educational initiatives and identified with the independent farm movement. In order to ensure the success of the WI the Ontario Department of Agriculture provided funds to hire organizers and the organization was encouraged to develop branches outside farming areas, even if this meant ignoring the needs of farm women. By the end of the World War I the WI had become one of the largest women's organizations in the province but was widely known not for its emphasis on scientific home management but for its community activism.

Rural women --- Women's institutes --- Femmes en milieu rural --- Instituts féminins --- Women --- Societies, etc. --- History. --- Associations --- Histoire. --- Societies and clubs --- Federated Women's Institutes of Ontario --- Federated Women's Institutes of Ontario. --- FWIO --- Instituts feminins

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Sociology of the family. Sociology of sexuality --- Third World: economic development problems --- Africa --- War --- Role of women --- women --- socioeconomic development --- living standards --- Refugees --- households --- Pakistan --- Afghanistan --- Femmes en milieu rural --- Refugies --- Renovation rurale --- Women in rural development --- Rural women --- Femmes rurales --- Femmes dans le développement rural --- Developing countries: economic development problems --- Femmes en milieu rural - Afghanistan. --- Refugies - Afghanistan --- Refugies - Pakistan --- Renovation rurale - Afghanistan --- Women in rural development - Afghanistan --- Rural women - Afghanistan --- Femmes --- Conditions sociales --- 20e siecle --- Pays en voie de developpement