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The crystal chemistry of spin crossover (SCO) behavior in coordination compounds can potentially be in association with smart materials—promising materials for applications as components of memory devices, displays, sensors and mechanical devices and, especially, actuators, such as artificial muscles. This Special Issue is devoted to various aspects of SCO and related research, comprising 18 interesting original papers on valuable and important SCO topics. Significant and fundamental scientific attention has been focused on the SCO phenomena in a wide research range of fields of fundamental chemical and physical and related sciences, containing the interdisciplinary regions of chemical and physical sciences related to the SCO phenomena. Coordination materials with bistable systems between the LS and the HS states are usually triggered by external stimuli, such as temperature, light, pressure, guest molecule inclusion, soft X-ray, and nuclear decay. Since the first Hofmann-like spin crossover (SCO) behavior in {Fe(py)2[Ni(CN)4]}n (py = pyridine) was demonstrated, this crystal chemistry motif has been frequently used to design Fe(II) SCO materials to enable determination of the correlations between structural features and magnetic properties.

n/a --- hexadentate ligand --- X-ray diffraction --- structural disorder --- lattice energy --- 2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane --- thermal hysteresis --- optical conductivity spectrum --- spin-state crossover --- solvate --- single crystal --- spin-crossover transition --- spin-crossover --- cobalt oxide --- amorphous --- metal dithiolene complexes --- qsal ligand --- impurity effect --- 3-triazole --- intermolecular interactions --- spin crossover --- hydrogen bonding --- 1 --- 2 --- optical microscopy --- supramolecular coordination polymer --- paramagnetic ligand --- magnetic susceptibility --- high spin --- [Fe(III)(3-OMesal2-trien)]+ --- aminoxyl --- cobalt(II) ion --- mosaicity --- Fe(III) coordination complexes --- nitroxides --- C–H···? interactions --- Fe(II) --- dithiooxalato ligand --- dinuclear triple helicate --- coordination polymers --- magnetization --- spiral structure --- magnetostructural correlations --- charge-transfer phase transition --- structure phase transition --- magnetic properties --- spin polaron --- substitution of 3d transition metal ion --- iron(II) complexes --- X-ray absorption spectroscopy --- coordination complexes --- crystal engineering --- fatigability --- soft X-ray induced excited spin state trapping --- spin transition --- dipyridyl-N-alkylamine ligands --- coordination polymer --- iron (II) --- iron mixed-valence complex --- chiral propeller structure --- spin cross-over (SCO) --- EPR spectroscopy --- Cu(II) complexes --- solvent effects --- ferromagnetism --- SQUID --- LIESST effect --- low spin (LS) --- 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy --- dielectric response --- iron(II) --- hetero metal complex --- atropisomerism --- switch --- Schiff base --- counter-anion --- DFT calculation --- Fe(III) complex --- Fe(II) complex --- high spin (HS) --- reaction diffusion --- thermochromism --- supramolecular isomerism --- phase transition --- magnetic transition --- mononuclear --- [Au(dmit)2]? --- UV-Vis spectroscopy --- phase transitions --- ?-? interactions --- [Au(dddt)2]? --- crystal structure --- linear pentadentate ligand --- ion-pair crystals --- C-H···? interactions --- 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy

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Biotransformation has accompanied mankind since the Neolithic community, when people settled down and began to engage in agriculture. Modern biocatalysis started in the mid-1850s with the pioneer works of Pasteur. Today, biotransformations have become an indispensable part of our lives, similar to other hi-tech products. Now, in 2019, biocatalysis “received” the Nobel Prize in Chemistry due to prof. Frances H. Arnold’s achievements in the area of the directed evolution of enzymes. This book deals with some major topics of biotransformation, such as the application of enzymatic methods in glycobiology, including the synthesis of hyaluronan, complex glycoconjugates of N-acetylmuramic acid, and the enzymatic deglycosylation of rutin. Enzymatic redox reactions were exemplified by the enzymatic synthesis of indigo from indole, oxidations of β-ketoesters and the engineering of a horse radish peroxidase. The enzymatic reactions were elegantly employed in biosensors, such as glucose oxidase, in the case of electrochemical glucose sensors. Nitrilases are important enzymes for nitrile metabolism in plants and microorganisms have already found broad application in industry—here, these enzymes were for the first time described in Basidiomyceta. This book nicely describes molecular biocatalysis as a pluripotent methodology—“A jack of all trades...”—which strongly contributes to the high quality and sustainability of our daily lives.

Technology: general issues --- E. coli --- recombinant horseradish peroxidase --- site-directed mutagenesis --- periplasm --- glycosylation sites --- Aspergillus niger --- quercetin --- rutin --- rutinose --- rutinosidase --- “solid-state biocatalysis” --- hyaluronic acid --- in vitro synthesis --- one-pot multi-enzyme --- optimization --- enzyme cascade --- Basidiomycota --- Agaricomycotina --- nitrilase --- cyanide hydratase --- nitrile --- substrate specificity --- overproduction --- homology modeling --- substrate docking --- phylogenetic distribution --- indigo --- MISO library --- flavin --- monooxygenase --- FMO --- β-N-acetylhexosaminidases --- transglycosylation --- Glide docking --- Talaromyces flavus --- muramic acid --- non-reducing carbohydrate --- glucose oxidase --- direct electron transfer --- amine-reactive phenazine ethosulfate --- glucose sensor --- glycemic level monitoring --- Pseudomonas putida MnB1 --- biogenic manganese oxides --- abiotic manganese oxides --- α-Hydroxy-β-keto esters --- whole-cell biocatalysis --- surface display --- cell wall anchor --- Lactobacillus plantarum --- whole-cell biocatalyst --- n/a --- Fe(II)/2-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase --- 2-ketoglutarate generation --- regio- and stereo-selective synthesis --- hydroxy amino acids --- sequential cascade reaction --- "solid-state biocatalysis"

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Flow analysis is an automatic, precise and fast way to perform analytical tests. Flow instruments are used for clinical and pharmaceutical analyses, quality control of industrial products, monitoring of environmental pollution and many other fields. The book presents the latest methodological, technical and instrumental achievements in flow analysis. It shows new possibilities for the miniaturization and full mechanization of flow systems, together with examples of their interesting application. The proposed solutions contribute to reducing the amount of used reagents and waste, as well as increasing the safety of working with hazardous reagents, resulting in modern devices operating in accordance with the principles of green chemistry. A number of innovative methods of processing and measuring analytical samples have also been described. The book very well reflects the current state of flow analysis and development directions.

Research & information: general --- cholesterol --- serum samples --- lab-on-valve --- automation --- enzymatic reaction --- neonicotinoid --- thiacloprid --- solid-phase spectroscopy --- optosensor --- luminescence --- bioaccessibility --- dog food --- dog nutrition --- dynamic extraction --- flow analysis --- kinetic profile --- zinc --- nuclear waste --- spent nuclear fuel --- ß-emitting nuclides --- 90Sr --- flow injection --- ICP-DRC-MS --- flow synthesis --- flow reactors --- flow-injection analysis --- flow techniques --- radionuclides --- radiochemical separation --- environmental monitoring --- nuclear emergency preparedness --- radioactive waste characterization --- medical isotope production --- titration --- Fe(III), Fe(II) determination --- speciation analysis --- Lab-In-Syringe --- automation of sample pretreatment --- potentials and troubles --- system setup and operation modes --- tips and tricks in method development --- 3D printing of instrument elements --- histidine --- random human urine --- zone fluidics --- o-phthalaldehyde --- derivatization --- stopped-flow --- fluorimetry --- SI-LAV --- mono-segmented flow --- in-line dilution --- in-line single-standard calibration --- in-line standard addition --- albumin --- glucose --- creatinine --- flow method --- chitosan --- catalyst particles --- micron-size --- sampling study --- p-nitrophenol reduction --- preconcentration --- evaporation --- sequential injection analysis --- paired emitter–detector diode detector --- contactless conductivity detector --- flow-based analysis --- simultaneous detection --- sequential detection --- flow chemistry

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Flow analysis is an automatic, precise and fast way to perform analytical tests. Flow instruments are used for clinical and pharmaceutical analyses, quality control of industrial products, monitoring of environmental pollution and many other fields. The book presents the latest methodological, technical and instrumental achievements in flow analysis. It shows new possibilities for the miniaturization and full mechanization of flow systems, together with examples of their interesting application. The proposed solutions contribute to reducing the amount of used reagents and waste, as well as increasing the safety of working with hazardous reagents, resulting in modern devices operating in accordance with the principles of green chemistry. A number of innovative methods of processing and measuring analytical samples have also been described. The book very well reflects the current state of flow analysis and development directions.

cholesterol --- serum samples --- lab-on-valve --- automation --- enzymatic reaction --- neonicotinoid --- thiacloprid --- solid-phase spectroscopy --- optosensor --- luminescence --- bioaccessibility --- dog food --- dog nutrition --- dynamic extraction --- flow analysis --- kinetic profile --- zinc --- nuclear waste --- spent nuclear fuel --- ß-emitting nuclides --- 90Sr --- flow injection --- ICP-DRC-MS --- flow synthesis --- flow reactors --- flow-injection analysis --- flow techniques --- radionuclides --- radiochemical separation --- environmental monitoring --- nuclear emergency preparedness --- radioactive waste characterization --- medical isotope production --- titration --- Fe(III), Fe(II) determination --- speciation analysis --- Lab-In-Syringe --- automation of sample pretreatment --- potentials and troubles --- system setup and operation modes --- tips and tricks in method development --- 3D printing of instrument elements --- histidine --- random human urine --- zone fluidics --- o-phthalaldehyde --- derivatization --- stopped-flow --- fluorimetry --- SI-LAV --- mono-segmented flow --- in-line dilution --- in-line single-standard calibration --- in-line standard addition --- albumin --- glucose --- creatinine --- flow method --- chitosan --- catalyst particles --- micron-size --- sampling study --- p-nitrophenol reduction --- preconcentration --- evaporation --- sequential injection analysis --- paired emitter–detector diode detector --- contactless conductivity detector --- flow-based analysis --- simultaneous detection --- sequential detection --- flow chemistry