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Book
Analysis and Design of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems
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ISBN: 3039286870 3039286862 Year: 2020 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The most important environmental challenge today's society is facing is to reduce the effects of CO2 emissions and global warming. Such an ambitious challenge can only be achieved through a holistic approach, capable of tackling the problem from a multidisciplinary point of view. One of the core technologies called to play a critical role in this approach is the use of energy storage systems. These systems enable, among other things, the balancing of the stochastic behavior of Renewable Sources and Distributed Generation in modern Energy Systems; the efficient supply of industrial and consumer loads; the development of efficient and clean transport; and the development of Nearly-Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) and intelligent cities. Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS) consist of two (or more) storage devices with complementary key characteristics, that are able to behave jointly with better performance than any of the technologies considered individually. Recent developments in storage device technologies, interface systems, control and monitoring techniques, or visualization and information technologies have driven the implementation of HESS in many industrial, commercial and domestic applications. This Special Issue focuses on the analysis, design and implementation of hybrid energy storage systems across a broad spectrum, encompassing different storage technologies (including electrochemical, capacitive, mechanical or mechanical storage devices), engineering branches (power electronics and control strategies; energy engineering; energy engineering; chemistry; modelling, simulation and emulation techniques; data analysis and algorithms; social and economic analysis; intelligent and Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems; and so on.), applications (energy systems, renewable energy generation, industrial applications, transportation, Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) and critical load supply, etc.) and evaluation and performance (size and weight benefits, efficiency and power loss, economic analysis, environmental costs, etc.).


Book
Modeling of Wind Turbines and Wind Farms
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Wind Power Plant (WPP) and Wind Turbine (WT) modeling are becoming of key importance due to the relevant wind-generation impact on power systems. Wind integration into power systems must be carefully analyzed to forecast the effects on grid stability and reliability. Different agents, such as Transmission System Operators (TSOs) and Distribution System Operators (DSOs), focus on transient analyses. Wind turbine manufacturers, power system software developers, and technical consultants are also involved. WPP and WT dynamic models are often divided into two types: detailed and simplified. Detailed models are used for Electro-Magnetic Transient (EMT) simulations, providing both electrical and mechanical responses with high accuracy during short time intervals. Simplified models, also known as standard or generic models, are designed to give reliable responses, avoiding high computational resources. Simplified models are commonly used by TSOs and DSOs to carry out different transient stability studies, including loss of generation, switching of power lines or balanced faults, etc., Assessment and validation of such dynamic models is also a major issue due to the importance and difficulty of collecting real data. Solutions facing all these challenges, including the development, validation and application of WT and WPP models are presented in this Issue.

Keywords

History of engineering & technology --- bearing current --- common mode current --- doubly fed induction generators --- permanent magnet synchronous generators --- wind turbine generator --- doubly-fed generator --- converter control --- short-circuit current --- second harmonic component --- low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) field test data --- complex terrain --- terrain-induced turbulence --- turbulence intensity --- LES --- vortex shedding --- frequency control --- wind power integration --- power system stability --- turbulence --- statistical modelling --- Wind Turbine (WT) --- Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) --- unbalanced grid voltage --- DC-linked voltage control --- Proportional Resonant with Resonant Harmonic Compensator (PR+HC) controller --- Adaptive Proportional Integral (API) control --- power control --- wind turbine near wake --- wind turbine wakes --- wake aerodynamics --- computational fluid dynamics --- rotor aerodynamics --- wind turbine validation --- MEXICO experiment --- wind energy --- model validation --- wind turbine aerodynamics --- wind farms --- wind turbines interaction --- wind farm modeling --- kernel density estimation --- multiple wind farms --- joint probability density --- ordinal optimization --- reactive power capability --- wind power plant --- wind power collection system --- aggregated, modelling --- wind integration studies --- long term voltage stability --- fault-ride through capability --- IEC 61400-27-1 --- Spanish PO 12.3 --- Type 3 wind turbine --- inertia --- wind power --- droop --- primary control --- frequency containment process --- wind integration --- demand response --- ancillary services --- wind turbine nacelle --- lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) --- magnetic field intensity --- shielding mesh --- wake steering --- yaw misalignment --- multi body simulation --- main bearing loads --- rain flow counts --- aeroelasticity --- multi-rotor system --- wind turbine --- computational fluid dynamics (CFD) --- horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) --- permanent-magnet synchronous-generator (PMSG) --- linear quadratic regulator (LQR) --- PI control algorithm --- LQR-PI control --- wind turbine blade --- large-eddy simulation --- turbulence evaluation index --- fatigue damage evaluation index --- DIgSILENT-PowerFactory --- MATLAB --- transient stability --- type 3 wind turbine --- DFIG --- field testing --- full-scale converter --- generic model --- validation --- HAWT --- aerodynamic characteristics --- dynamic yawing process --- near wake --- start-stop yaw velocity --- load frequency control (LFC) --- equivalent input disturbance (EID) --- active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) --- wind --- linear matrix inequalities (LMI) --- dynamic modeling --- grey-box parameter identification --- subspace identification --- recursive least squares --- optimal identification --- bearing current --- common mode current --- doubly fed induction generators --- permanent magnet synchronous generators --- wind turbine generator --- doubly-fed generator --- converter control --- short-circuit current --- second harmonic component --- low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) field test data --- complex terrain --- terrain-induced turbulence --- turbulence intensity --- LES --- vortex shedding --- frequency control --- wind power integration --- power system stability --- turbulence --- statistical modelling --- Wind Turbine (WT) --- Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) --- unbalanced grid voltage --- DC-linked voltage control --- Proportional Resonant with Resonant Harmonic Compensator (PR+HC) controller --- Adaptive Proportional Integral (API) control --- power control --- wind turbine near wake --- wind turbine wakes --- wake aerodynamics --- computational fluid dynamics --- rotor aerodynamics --- wind turbine validation --- MEXICO experiment --- wind energy --- model validation --- wind turbine aerodynamics --- wind farms --- wind turbines interaction --- wind farm modeling --- kernel density estimation --- multiple wind farms --- joint probability density --- ordinal optimization --- reactive power capability --- wind power plant --- wind power collection system --- aggregated, modelling --- wind integration studies --- long term voltage stability --- fault-ride through capability --- IEC 61400-27-1 --- Spanish PO 12.3 --- Type 3 wind turbine --- inertia --- wind power --- droop --- primary control --- frequency containment process --- wind integration --- demand response --- ancillary services --- wind turbine nacelle --- lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) --- magnetic field intensity --- shielding mesh --- wake steering --- yaw misalignment --- multi body simulation --- main bearing loads --- rain flow counts --- aeroelasticity --- multi-rotor system --- wind turbine --- computational fluid dynamics (CFD) --- horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) --- permanent-magnet synchronous-generator (PMSG) --- linear quadratic regulator (LQR) --- PI control algorithm --- LQR-PI control --- wind turbine blade --- large-eddy simulation --- turbulence evaluation index --- fatigue damage evaluation index --- DIgSILENT-PowerFactory --- MATLAB --- transient stability --- type 3 wind turbine --- DFIG --- field testing --- full-scale converter --- generic model --- validation --- HAWT --- aerodynamic characteristics --- dynamic yawing process --- near wake --- start-stop yaw velocity --- load frequency control (LFC) --- equivalent input disturbance (EID) --- active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) --- wind --- linear matrix inequalities (LMI) --- dynamic modeling --- grey-box parameter identification --- subspace identification --- recursive least squares --- optimal identification


Book
Modeling of Wind Turbines and Wind Farms
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Wind Power Plant (WPP) and Wind Turbine (WT) modeling are becoming of key importance due to the relevant wind-generation impact on power systems. Wind integration into power systems must be carefully analyzed to forecast the effects on grid stability and reliability. Different agents, such as Transmission System Operators (TSOs) and Distribution System Operators (DSOs), focus on transient analyses. Wind turbine manufacturers, power system software developers, and technical consultants are also involved. WPP and WT dynamic models are often divided into two types: detailed and simplified. Detailed models are used for Electro-Magnetic Transient (EMT) simulations, providing both electrical and mechanical responses with high accuracy during short time intervals. Simplified models, also known as standard or generic models, are designed to give reliable responses, avoiding high computational resources. Simplified models are commonly used by TSOs and DSOs to carry out different transient stability studies, including loss of generation, switching of power lines or balanced faults, etc., Assessment and validation of such dynamic models is also a major issue due to the importance and difficulty of collecting real data. Solutions facing all these challenges, including the development, validation and application of WT and WPP models are presented in this Issue.

Keywords

History of engineering & technology --- bearing current --- common mode current --- doubly fed induction generators --- permanent magnet synchronous generators --- wind turbine generator --- doubly-fed generator --- converter control --- short-circuit current --- second harmonic component --- low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) field test data --- complex terrain --- terrain-induced turbulence --- turbulence intensity --- LES --- vortex shedding --- frequency control --- wind power integration --- power system stability --- turbulence --- statistical modelling --- Wind Turbine (WT) --- Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) --- unbalanced grid voltage --- DC-linked voltage control --- Proportional Resonant with Resonant Harmonic Compensator (PR+HC) controller --- Adaptive Proportional Integral (API) control --- power control --- wind turbine near wake --- wind turbine wakes --- wake aerodynamics --- computational fluid dynamics --- rotor aerodynamics --- wind turbine validation --- MEXICO experiment --- wind energy --- model validation --- wind turbine aerodynamics --- wind farms --- wind turbines interaction --- wind farm modeling --- kernel density estimation --- multiple wind farms --- joint probability density --- ordinal optimization --- reactive power capability --- wind power plant --- wind power collection system --- aggregated, modelling --- wind integration studies --- long term voltage stability --- fault-ride through capability --- IEC 61400-27-1 --- Spanish PO 12.3 --- Type 3 wind turbine --- inertia --- wind power --- droop --- primary control --- frequency containment process --- wind integration --- demand response --- ancillary services --- wind turbine nacelle --- lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) --- magnetic field intensity --- shielding mesh --- wake steering --- yaw misalignment --- multi body simulation --- main bearing loads --- rain flow counts --- aeroelasticity --- multi-rotor system --- wind turbine --- computational fluid dynamics (CFD) --- horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) --- permanent-magnet synchronous-generator (PMSG) --- linear quadratic regulator (LQR) --- PI control algorithm --- LQR-PI control --- wind turbine blade --- large-eddy simulation --- turbulence evaluation index --- fatigue damage evaluation index --- DIgSILENT-PowerFactory --- MATLAB --- transient stability --- type 3 wind turbine --- DFIG --- field testing --- full-scale converter --- generic model --- validation --- HAWT --- aerodynamic characteristics --- dynamic yawing process --- near wake --- start-stop yaw velocity --- load frequency control (LFC) --- equivalent input disturbance (EID) --- active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) --- wind --- linear matrix inequalities (LMI) --- dynamic modeling --- grey-box parameter identification --- subspace identification --- recursive least squares --- optimal identification


Book
Modeling of Wind Turbines and Wind Farms
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Loading...
Export citation

Choose an application

Bookmark

Abstract

Wind Power Plant (WPP) and Wind Turbine (WT) modeling are becoming of key importance due to the relevant wind-generation impact on power systems. Wind integration into power systems must be carefully analyzed to forecast the effects on grid stability and reliability. Different agents, such as Transmission System Operators (TSOs) and Distribution System Operators (DSOs), focus on transient analyses. Wind turbine manufacturers, power system software developers, and technical consultants are also involved. WPP and WT dynamic models are often divided into two types: detailed and simplified. Detailed models are used for Electro-Magnetic Transient (EMT) simulations, providing both electrical and mechanical responses with high accuracy during short time intervals. Simplified models, also known as standard or generic models, are designed to give reliable responses, avoiding high computational resources. Simplified models are commonly used by TSOs and DSOs to carry out different transient stability studies, including loss of generation, switching of power lines or balanced faults, etc., Assessment and validation of such dynamic models is also a major issue due to the importance and difficulty of collecting real data. Solutions facing all these challenges, including the development, validation and application of WT and WPP models are presented in this Issue.

Keywords

bearing current --- common mode current --- doubly fed induction generators --- permanent magnet synchronous generators --- wind turbine generator --- doubly-fed generator --- converter control --- short-circuit current --- second harmonic component --- low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) field test data --- complex terrain --- terrain-induced turbulence --- turbulence intensity --- LES --- vortex shedding --- frequency control --- wind power integration --- power system stability --- turbulence --- statistical modelling --- Wind Turbine (WT) --- Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) --- unbalanced grid voltage --- DC-linked voltage control --- Proportional Resonant with Resonant Harmonic Compensator (PR+HC) controller --- Adaptive Proportional Integral (API) control --- power control --- wind turbine near wake --- wind turbine wakes --- wake aerodynamics --- computational fluid dynamics --- rotor aerodynamics --- wind turbine validation --- MEXICO experiment --- wind energy --- model validation --- wind turbine aerodynamics --- wind farms --- wind turbines interaction --- wind farm modeling --- kernel density estimation --- multiple wind farms --- joint probability density --- ordinal optimization --- reactive power capability --- wind power plant --- wind power collection system --- aggregated, modelling --- wind integration studies --- long term voltage stability --- fault-ride through capability --- IEC 61400-27-1 --- Spanish PO 12.3 --- Type 3 wind turbine --- inertia --- wind power --- droop --- primary control --- frequency containment process --- wind integration --- demand response --- ancillary services --- wind turbine nacelle --- lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) --- magnetic field intensity --- shielding mesh --- wake steering --- yaw misalignment --- multi body simulation --- main bearing loads --- rain flow counts --- aeroelasticity --- multi-rotor system --- wind turbine --- computational fluid dynamics (CFD) --- horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) --- permanent-magnet synchronous-generator (PMSG) --- linear quadratic regulator (LQR) --- PI control algorithm --- LQR-PI control --- wind turbine blade --- large-eddy simulation --- turbulence evaluation index --- fatigue damage evaluation index --- DIgSILENT-PowerFactory --- MATLAB --- transient stability --- type 3 wind turbine --- DFIG --- field testing --- full-scale converter --- generic model --- validation --- HAWT --- aerodynamic characteristics --- dynamic yawing process --- near wake --- start-stop yaw velocity --- load frequency control (LFC) --- equivalent input disturbance (EID) --- active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) --- wind --- linear matrix inequalities (LMI) --- dynamic modeling --- grey-box parameter identification --- subspace identification --- recursive least squares --- optimal identification


Book
Intelligent Control in Energy Systems
Author:
ISBN: 3039214160 3039214152 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The editors of this Special Issue titled “Intelligent Control in Energy Systems” have attempted to create a book containing original technical articles addressing various elements of intelligent control in energy systems. In response to our call for papers, we received 60 submissions. Of those submissions, 27 were published and 33 were rejected. In this book, we offer the 27 accepted technical articles as well as one editorial. Authors from 15 countries (China, Netherlands, Spain, Tunisia, United Sates of America, Korea, Brazil, Egypt, Denmark, Indonesia, Oman, Canada, Algeria, Mexico, and the Czech Republic) elaborate on several aspects of intelligent control in energy systems. The book covers a broad range of topics including fuzzy PID in automotive fuel cell and MPPT tracking, neural networks for fuel cell control and dynamic optimization of energy management, adaptive control on power systems, hierarchical Petri Nets in microgrid management, model predictive control for electric vehicle battery and frequency regulation in HVAC systems, deep learning for power consumption forecasting, decision trees for wind systems, risk analysis for demand side management, finite state automata for HVAC control, robust ?-synthesis for microgrids, and neuro-fuzzy systems in energy storage.

Keywords

energy management system --- artificial neural network --- control architecture --- intelligent buildings --- sensitivity analysis --- neural networks --- active balance --- photovoltaic system --- fast frequency response --- artificial intelligence --- MPPT operation --- model uncertainty --- load frequency control --- decision tree --- multi-agent control --- hybrid power plant --- Fault Ride Through Capability --- optimization --- small scale compressed air energy storage (SS-CAES) --- smart micro-grid --- current distortion --- hybrid electric vehicle --- parameter estimation --- railway --- ANFIS --- solar monitoring system --- urban microgrids --- phase-load balancing --- model reduction --- high-speed railway --- energy internet --- coordination of reserves --- differential evolution --- photovoltaic array --- ancillary service --- adjacent areas --- instantaneous optimization minimum power loss --- model predictive control --- HVAC systems --- sliding mode control --- MPPT: maximum power point tracking --- power oscillations --- thyristor --- interaction minimization --- occupancy model --- fuzzy logic controller --- power transformer winding --- RLS --- integrated energy systems --- vibration characteristics --- battery safety --- error estimation --- error compensation --- static friction --- convolutional neural network --- forecasting --- continuous voltage control --- medium voltage --- bridgeless SEPIC PFC converter --- building climate control --- PEM fuel cell --- proton exchange membrane fuel cell --- compound structured permanent-magnet motor --- occupancy-based control --- four phases interleaved boost converter --- long short term memory --- line switching --- lithium-ion battery pack --- back propagation (BP) neural network --- doubly-fed induction generator --- double forgetting factors --- current controller design --- repetitive controller --- exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve system --- neural network controller --- step-up boost converter --- internal short circuit resistance --- electric power consumption --- electric vehicle --- multiphysical field analysis --- energy efficiency --- multi-energy complementary --- system identification --- ?-synthesis --- network sensitivity --- intelligent control --- ?-class function --- frequency support --- multi-step forecasting --- frequency containment reserve --- orthogonal least square --- rule-based control --- industrial process --- hierarchical Petri nets --- wind integrated power system --- probabilistic power flow --- voltage controlling --- adaptive backstepping --- AC-DC converters --- line loss --- demand side management --- energy systems --- short-circuit experiment --- winding-fault characteristics --- neutral section --- stochastic power system operating point drift --- neural network algorithm --- operation limit violations --- fractional order fuzzy PID controller --- preventive control --- AC static switch --- battery packs --- model-based fault detection --- automotive application --- nonlinear power systems --- adaptive damping control --- pilot point --- energy management --- position control --- frequency control dead band --- fuzzy --- voltage violations --- distribution network planning --- frequency regulation --- energy management strategy --- multiple-point control --- electric meter --- polynomial expansion --- commercial/residential buildings --- system modelling --- three-stage --- soft internal short circuit --- demand response

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