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working animals --- farming systems --- Developing countries --- Agropastoral systems --- animal power --- Farming system --- West Africa --- Sierra Leone

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Tropical zones --- cropping systems --- soil fertility --- Fertilizer application --- Application methods --- Production --- Tropics --- Farming system --- Indonesia

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A travers ce mémoire, nous nous sommes intéressés aux collectifs de production agricole en milieu rural – péri-urbain wallon. Ces fermes collectives se développent depuis une dizaine d’années et proposent d’autres manières de « travailler ensemble ». Il nous apparaît intéressant de s’interroger sur les pratiques agroécologiques (économiques, sociales et écologiques) engagées dans ces fermes au regard du collectif. De plus, à la suite d’entretiens exploratoires nous avons identifié trois « formes » organisationnelles (coopération intégrale, coopération et coopération libre) qui nous ont conduits à étudier les interactions entre pratiques agroécologiques et aspirations des coopérants maraîchers au sein de ces organisations. 
Nous avons donc procédé à plusieurs entretiens semi-directifs auprès de six fermes collectives. A partir de l’outil « boussole » préexistant, la littérature et nos premières enquêtes de terrain, nous avons élaboré un outil analytique à double entrée, qui nous a ensuite permis d’esquisser les premiers résultats des « systèmes-fermes » étudiés. 
Les résultats de notre étude montrent que les pratiques agroécologiques sont facilitées par une organisation collective bien que deux des « formes » organisationnelles identifiées présentent plus de difficultés à y répondre. Néanmoins, ces six fermes collectives privilégient diverses stratégies organisationnelles pour parvenir à leur idéal : « travailler ensemble » pour plus de durabilité du travail agricole. 
Ce mémoire nous amène enfin à réfléchir à l’importance de ces collectifs en termes de transition agroécologique et de la nécessité d’un accompagnement adapté afin de faciliter leur installation et leur mise en réseau. Through this master’s thesis, we focus on collective agricultural production in rural – peri-urban Walloon. Over the last decades, these collective farms explore other ways of ‘working together’. It appears interesting to reflect upon agroecological practices (economic, social and ecological) engaged on those farms in the light of ‘collective’. Futhermore, following exploratory interviews we identified three organisational ‘shapes’ (integral cooperation, cooperation and free cooperation) that led us to study the interaction between agroecologicals practices and market gardeners’ aspirations within these organisations. 
We conducted semi-directive interviews alongside six collective farms. From the preexisting tool « compass », the literature and our first field research, we developed a double-input analytical tool, that helped us to outline the first results of studied « farming-systems ». 
Our study resluts show that the agroecological practices are facilitate by collective organisation although two of the identified organisational ‘shapes’ display more difficulties to meet them. However, these six collective farms favor various organisationnal strategies to reach their ideal : ‘work together’ for more agricultural work’s sustainability. 
This master’s thesis finally bring us to think about the meaning of those « collectives » in terms of agroecological transition and the necessity of an adapted support in order to ease their installation and networking.

Fermes collectives, collectifs, pratiques agroécologiques, aspirations, « formes » organisationnelles agricoles, coopération intégrale, coopération, coopération libre, « système-ferme », production agricole, milieu rural – péri-urbain wallon --- collective farms, « collectives », agroecological practice, aspirations, agricultural organisational « forms », integral cooperation, cooperation, free cooperation, « farming-system », agricultural production, rural – peri-urban aeras --- Sciences du vivant > Agriculture & agronomie --- Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie > Sociologie & sciences sociales

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Légumineuse fourragère --- Feed legumes --- Fixation de l'azote --- Nitrogen fixation --- Rhizobium --- Possibilité de production --- production possibilities --- Phosphore --- Phosphorus --- Eau du sol --- Soil water --- Technique des traceurs --- Tracer techniques --- Système de culture --- cropping systems --- Afrique au sud du Sahara --- Africa South of Sahara --- 633.3 --- 635 <4> --- Legumes --- -Forage plants --- -Feeds --- Field crops --- Plants --- Grasses --- Pastures --- Bean family (Plants) --- Fabaceae --- Faboideae --- Leguminosae --- Lotoideae --- Papilionaceae --- Papilionatae --- Papilionoideae --- Pea family (Plants) --- Pulse crops --- Pulse family (Plants) --- Rosales --- Forage plants except grasses --- Garden plants. Gardening--Europa --- Congresses --- -Forage plants except grasses --- 635 <4> Garden plants. Gardening--Europa --- 633.3 Forage plants except grasses --- -Bean family (Plants) --- Forage plants --- Feeds --- Forage legume --- Farming system

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Data science is an emerging multidisciplinary field which lies at the intersection of computer science, statistics, and mathematics, with different applications and related to data mining, deep learning, and big data. This Special Issue on “Principles and Applications of Data Science” focuses on the latest developments in the theories, techniques, and applications of data science. The topics include data cleansing, data mining, machine learning, deep learning, and the applications of medical and healthcare, as well as social media.

deep learning --- user preference learning --- feature fusion --- similar user recommendation --- convolutional neural network --- image classification --- electronic health records --- fair exchange --- forward secrecy --- raw material --- mining --- terminology --- dictionary --- terminology application --- mobile application --- digitization --- lexical data --- corpus data --- linguistic linked open data --- neuro-fuzzy --- prediction model --- air pollution --- PM2.5 --- PM10 --- self-attention mechanism --- graph neural network --- data mining --- behaviour sequence pattern --- behaviour network --- water crystal --- fine-tuning --- supervised --- classification --- combined classification model --- deep transfer learning --- focal-segmental --- kidney disease --- kidney glomeruli --- medical image --- sclerosed glomeruli --- predictive analytics --- Internet of Things --- peasant farming --- smart farming system --- crop production prediction