Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Rich countries' agricultural trade policies are the battleground on which the future of the WTO's troubled Doha Round will be determined. Subject to widespread criticism, they nonetheless appear to be almost immune to serious reform, and one of their most common defenses is that they protect poor farmers. The authors' findings reject this claim. The analysis uses detailed data on farm incomes to show that major commodity programs are highly regressive in the United States, and that the only serious losses under trade reform are among large, wealthy farmers in a few heavily protected subsectors. In contrast, analysis using household data from 15 developing countries indicates that reforming rich countries' agricultural trade policies would lift large numbers of developing country farm households out of poverty. In the majority of cases these gains are not outweighed by the poverty-increasing effects of higher food prices among other households. Agricultural reforms that appear feasible, even under an ambitious Doha Round, achieve only a fraction of the benefits for developing countries that full liberalization promises, but protect U.S. large farms from most of the rigors of adjustment. Finally, the analysis indicates that maximal trade-led poverty reductions occur when developing countries participate more fully in agricultural trade liberalization.

Agricultural Liberalization --- Agricultural Products --- Agricultural Support --- Debt Markets --- Distributional Effects --- Economic Policies --- Economic Theory and Research --- Emerging Markets --- Farm Households --- Farm Income --- Farm Incomes --- Farm Sector --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Financial Literacy --- Food Prices --- Free Trade --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Household Survey --- Income --- International Economics & Trade --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Political Economy --- Poor --- Poor Countries --- Poor Farmers --- Population Policies --- Post-Reform --- Poverty --- Poverty Reduction --- Private Sector Development --- Pro-Poor Growth --- Rural --- Rural Development --- Rural Poverty Reduction --- Rural Sectors

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Almost a decade after large land-based investment for agriculture increased sharply, opinions on its impact continue to diverge, partly because (positive or negative) spillovers on neighboring smallholders have never been rigorously assessed. Applying methods from the urban literature on Mozambican data suggests that changes in the number and area of large farms within 25 or 50 kilometers of these investments raised use of improved practices, animal traction, and inputs by small farmers without increasing cultivated area or participation in output, credit, and nonfarm labor markets; or, once these factors are controlled for, yields. The limited scope and modest size of the estimated benefits point toward considerable unrealized potential. The paper discusses ways to systematically explore the size of such potential and the extent to which it is realized.

Agencies --- Agribusiness --- Agricultural census --- Agricultural development --- Agricultural economics --- Agricultural extension --- Agricultural investment --- Agricultural land --- Agricultural practices --- Agricultural production --- Agricultural productivity --- Agriculture --- Agriculture & farming systems --- Agronomic practices --- Animal traction --- Annual crops --- Average yields --- Cash crops --- Cattle --- Climatic conditions --- Commercial farmers --- Commodity --- Conserve soil --- Contract farming --- Crop --- Crop rotation --- Crop yields --- Cropping --- Crops --- Crops & crop management systems --- Cultivation --- Cultivation practices --- Dairy sector --- Economics --- Environmental benefits --- Extension --- Farm employment --- Farm sector --- Farming --- Farmland --- Farms --- Food --- Food crops --- Food production --- Food security --- Gender --- Green revolution --- Horticulture --- Indicators --- Intercropping --- Irrigated land --- Knowledge --- Labor demand --- Land access --- Land resources --- Land use --- Livestock --- Livestock & animal husbandry --- Livestock production --- Macroeconomics and economic growth --- Maize --- Millet --- Outgrower schemes --- Peanuts --- Perennial crops --- Plants --- Poverty reduction --- Private sector --- Produce --- Productivity growth --- RD --- Reports --- Research --- Ruminants --- Rural development --- Rural development knowledge and information systems --- Seed --- Small farms --- Small holdings --- Small ruminants --- Smallholder --- Soil fertility --- Sowing --- Tobacco --- Vegetables --- Water resources --- Weed control