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Method in Madness looks at the ways in which nineteenth-century French literature of the fantastic reflected what psychoanalysis would later define as mechanisms of defence. Each chapter of the book is dedicated to a particular mechanism - fetishization, projection, intellectualization, mechanization, and compulsion - and to a representative set of texts which illustrate and embody the process concerned. The book thus systematizes what has remained up to now a rather vague perception of the psychological processes at work in fantastic narrative and of the relationship between the fantastic and the emerging science of psychoanalysis. Although centred on French works, including texts by Gautier, Mérimée, Balzac, George Sand, Maupassant, and Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, the study necessarily deals with the German tradition of the fantastic, notably Hoffmann and Freud. It argues that mechanisms of defence not only take place in fantastic literature, but that the fantastic itself in fact consists in translating defence into the real, thus making clear to the reader the very processes by which defence occurs. The book finds that the defence mechanisms "fail" in the fantastic, because in this literature defence involves adding a real danger to a merely psychic one, thereby intensifying the anxiety and displeasure which the mechanisms of defence are ideally designed to minimize.

Thematology --- French literature --- Psychological study of literature --- anno 1800-1899 --- Fantasy fiction [French ] --- History and criticism --- Fantasy literature, French --- Psychology in literature --- History and criticism. --- Psychology as a theme in literature --- Fantastic literature, French --- French fantasy literature

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Fiction --- Thematology --- French literature --- Littérature fantastique francophone --- Fantasy literature, French --- Histoire et critique --- History and criticism --- 82-312.9 --- 840 "18/19" --- 840-9 --- -Fantastic literature, French --- French fantasy literature --- Fantastische literatuur --- Franse literatuur--Hedendaagse Tijd --- Franse literatuur--?-9 --- History and criticism. --- -Fantastische literatuur --- 840-9 Franse literatuur--?-9 --- 840 "18/19" Franse literatuur--Hedendaagse Tijd --- 82-312.9 Fantastische literatuur --- -82-312.9 Fantastische literatuur --- Fantastic literature, French --- 822 --- littérature fantastique --- letterkunde Frans --- littérature français --- Littérature fantastique francophone - Histoire et critique --- Fantasy literature, French - History and criticism --- Litterature fantastique de langue francaise

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Comparative literature --- anno 500-1499 --- French literature --- Marvelous, The, in literature. --- Fantasy literature, French --- Littérature française --- Merveilleux dans la littérature --- Littérature fantastique française --- History and criticism. --- Histoire et critique --- Marvelous, The, in literature --- Civilization, Medieval, in literature --- History and criticism --- 940.14 --- -Marvelous, The, in literature --- -Fantastic literature, French --- French fantasy literature --- Magic realism (Literature) --- Geschiedenis van Europa:--843-1096 --- Civilization, Medieval, in literature. --- -Geschiedenis van Europa:--843-1096 --- 940.14 Geschiedenis van Europa:--843-1096 --- Littérature française --- Merveilleux dans la littérature --- Littérature fantastique française --- #gsdb8 --- Fantastic literature, French --- Civilisation médiévale --- Cultuur (Middeleeuwse). --- French literature - To 1500 - History and criticism --- Fantasy literature, French - History and criticism --- ANTHROPOLOGIE PHILOSOPHIQUE --- HISTOIRE DES MENTALITES --- MOYEN AGE

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Old French literature --- Thematology --- anno 500-1499 --- French literature --- Latin literature, Medieval and modern --- Fantasy literature, French --- Bestiaries --- Marvelous, The, in literature --- Metamorphosis in literature --- Folklore in literature --- Animals in literature --- Animals --- History and criticism --- Folklore --- 82 "04/14" --- -Latin literature, Medieval and modern --- -Bestiaries --- -Marvelous, The, in literature --- -Fantasy literature, French --- -Fantastic literature, French --- French fantasy literature --- Animal kingdom --- Beasts --- Fauna --- Native animals --- Native fauna --- Wild animals --- Wildlife --- Organisms --- Human-animal relationships --- Zoology --- Magic realism (Literature) --- Illustrated books --- Literatuur. Algemene literatuurwetenschap--Middeleeuwen --- Animals in literature. --- Folklore in literature. --- Marvelous, The, in literature. --- Metamorphosis in literature. --- Folklore. --- History and criticism. --- -Literatuur. Algemene literatuurwetenschap--Middeleeuwen --- 82 "04/14" Literatuur. Algemene literatuurwetenschap--Middeleeuwen --- Fantastic literature, French --- Animal lore --- Animals, Legends and stories of --- Ethnozoology --- Créatures fabuleuses --- Bestiaires (genre littéraire) --- Métamorphose (littérature) --- Dans la littérature. --- French literature - To 1500 - History and criticism --- Latin literature, Medieval and modern - France - History and criticism --- Fantasy literature, French - History and criticism --- Bestiaries - History and criticism --- Animals - Folklore --- METAMORPHOSES --- METAMORPHOSES DANS LA LITTERATURE --- BESTIAIRES --- MOYEN AGE