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The development of modern military conscription systems is usually seen as a response to countries' security needs, and as reflection of national political ideologies like civic republicanism or democratic egalitarianism. This study of conscription politics in France and the United States in the first half of the twentieth century challenges such common sense interpretations. Instead, it shows how despite institutional and ideological differences, both countries implemented conscription systems shaped by political and military leaders' concerns about how taking ordinary family men for military service would affect men's presumed positions as heads of families, especially as breadwinners and figures of paternal authority. The first of its kind, this carefully researched book combines an ambitious range of scholarly traditions and offers an original comparison of how protection of men's household authority affected one of the paradigmatic institutions of modern states.
Draft --- Heads of households --- Family heads --- Heads of families --- Households, Heads of --- Families --- Compulsory military service --- Conscription, Military --- Military conscription --- Military draft --- Military service, Compulsory --- Military training, Universal --- Selective service --- Service, Compulsory military --- Universal military training --- National service --- Recruiting and enlistment --- Conscientious objectors --- History --- Social aspects --- Heads of household --- Social Sciences --- Political Science
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This collection of essays looks at the origins and expansion of different patterns of breadwinning in both western and non-western history. As a collection it provides new insights into the historical and cross-cultural development of the male breadwinner family and its determinants, and, as such, it provides an important contribution to the ongoing debate on patterns of breadwinning. An important range of factors previously undervalued in the debate are considered: the effects of local labour markets in interaction with family strategies and family values; employers' strategies and the effects of capital accumulation and the rise of international commercial networks; the effects of egalitarian communist ideologies; and the differential ways in which modern welfare states were constructed. The volume calls for a renewed research effort in order to reconstruct the male breadwinner family as the norm and to work towards the integration of different explanatory models.
Family --- Working-class families --- Heads of households --- Married people --- Sexual division of labor --- Economic aspects --- History --- Employment --- Families --- History. --- -Heads of households --- -Married people --- -Sexual division of labor --- -Working-class families --- -Families --- Division of labor by sex --- Division of labor --- Sex role --- Sex discrimination in employment --- Married couples --- Married persons --- People, Married --- Persons, Married --- Couples --- Marital status --- Spouses --- Family heads --- Heads of families --- Households, Heads of --- Family life --- Family relationships --- Family structure --- Relationships, Family --- Structure, Family --- Social institutions --- Birth order --- Domestic relations --- Home --- Households --- Kinship --- Marriage --- Matriarchy --- Parenthood --- Patriarchy --- -History --- Social aspects --- Social conditions --- -Economic aspects --- -Division of labor by sex --- anno 1800-1999 --- Economic aspects&delete& --- Employment&delete& --- Working class families --- Arts and Humanities --- Family - Economic aspects - History --- Working-class families - History --- Heads of households - History --- Married people - Employment - History --- Sexual division of labor - History
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