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French language. --- Langue d'oïl --- Romance languages --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / French.
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This ambitious study of all proper names in the Chanson de Roland is based for the first time on a systematic survey of the whole geographical and historical literature from antiquity to after 1100 for the Geographica, and on working through (almost) the entire documentary tradition of France and its neighbouring regions from 778 to the early 12th century for the personal names. The overall result is clear: the surviving song is more tightly and profoundly structured, even in smaller scenes, than generally assumed, it is also richer in depicting reality, and it has a very long prehistory, which can be traced in outline, albeit with decreasing certainty, (almost) back to the Frankish defeat of 778. Here are some individual results: for the first time, a detailed (and ultimately simple!) explanation not only of the 'pagan' catalogue of peoples, but also of the overarching structure of Baligant's empire, the organisation of North Africa, the corpus of the Twelve Anti-Pairs as well as the 'pagan' gods are given, and individual names such as Bramimunde and Jurfaret, toponyms such as Marbrise and Marbrose are explained. From Roland's Spanish conquests (v. 196-200), the course of the elapsed set anz toz pleins is reconstructed. Even the names of the weapons prove to be a small structured group, in that they are very discreetly adapted to their respective 'pagan' or Christian owner. On the Christian side, the small list of relics in Roland's sword is also carefully devised, not least in what is left out: a relic of the Lord; this is reserved for Charlemagne's Joiuse. The author explains for example, why from the archangel triad only Michael and Gabriel descend to the dying Roland, whereas 'the' angel Cherubin descends in Rafael's place. Munjoie requires extensive discussion, because here a (hitherto insufficiently recorded) toponym has been secondarily charged by the poet with traditional theological associations. The term Ter(e) major is attested for the first time in reality, namely in the late 11th century in Norman usage. For the core of France, the fourth cornerstone - along with Besançon, Wissant and Mont-Saint-Michel - is Xanten, and its centre is Aachen. The poet's artful equilibration of Charles's ten eschieles and their leaders is traced. The "Capetian barrier" emerges as a basic fact of epic geography. Approximatively, the last quarter of the study is devoted to the prehistory of the song, going backwards in time: still quite clearly visible is an Angevin Song of Roland from around 1050, in which Marsilĭe, Olivier, Roland, Ganelon, Turpin and Naimes already have roles similar to those in the preserved Song. Behind it, between about 970 and shortly after 1000, is the Girart de Vienne from the Middle Rhône, already recognised by Aebischer, with the newly invented Olivier contra Roland. Finally, in faint outlines, an oldest attainable, also Middle Rhône adaptation of the Roland material from shortly after 870 emerges. For the Chanson de Roland, Gaston Paris and Joseph Bédier were thus each right on the main point that was close to their hearts: the surviving song has both the thoroughly sophisticated structure of great art that Bédier recognised in it, and the imposingly long prehistory that Paris conjectured.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / French. --- Chanson de Roland. --- Epic Poem. --- Medieval French Literature. --- Onomastics.
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Si la recherche considère traditionnellement le français comme une langue monocentrique, de récentes études portant sur les normes (de prononciation) en Suisse et au Québec remettent actuellement cette affirmation en question. Dans cet ouvrage, la pluralité des normes de prononciation est abordée pour la première fois pour trois régions différentes et sur la base d'une combinaison de trois méthodes. Le cas de Paris en tant que traditionnel centre de la francophonie est comparé à ceux des « périphéries » québécoise et suisse romande sur la base d'une analyse des productions de 60 journalistes-présentateurs, considérés comme des locuteurs-modèles, combinée à des tests de perception et une enquête par questionnaires sur les représentations de 288 informateurs non experts. Les résultats montrent que si, en Europe, il est difficile de considérer l'existence d'une norme de prononciation suisse romande stable parallèle à celle de Paris, l'indépendance recrudescente d'un nouveau centre normatif québécois sur le continent américain est indéniable. Ces résultats remettent en cause la présumée « exception sociolinguistique » du français et impliquent une redéfinition du concept de norme de référence dans un sens pluricentrique. This volume deals with the plurality of French pronunciation norms from a panfrancophone perspective. Using linguistic productions from model speakers, as well as perceptions and representations from non-expert informants, it compares the traditional Parisian norm to the Swiss and Quebecois norms. Results show a bicentric trend with two dominant norms in Europe (Paris) and North America (Quebec).
French language --- Sociolinguistics. --- Pronunciation. --- Phonetics. --- Social aspects --- Social aspects. --- Québec. --- Switzerland. --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / French. --- French. --- Language variation. --- Sociophonetics.
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This volume contains 23 papers selected from those presented at the 22nd Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages. The papers address issues in phonology, morphology, syntax/semantics from contemporary theoretical perspectives. In addition, in keeping with the symposium's US-Mexico location and commemoration of the twin quincentenaries of Columbus' first voyage and the publication of Nebrija's grammar, several papers focus on the history of linguistic theory, language contact, variation, and change.
Romance languages --- Langues romanes / Congrès --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / French --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / Romance Languages (Other) --- Romaanse talen --- Taalkunde --- Romanistik
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This book offers the first comprehensive study of the reception of the classical tradition in medieval Catalan letters, a multilingual process involving not only the Latin and Catalan languages, but also neighbouring vernaculars like Aragonese, Castilian, French, and Italian. The authors survey the development of classical literacy from the twelfth-century Aragonese royal courts until the arrival of the printing press and the dissemination of Italian Humanism. Aimed at students and scholars of medieval and early modern Iberia-and to anyone interested in medieval Romance literatures and the classical tradition-this volume also provides a concise introduction to the medieval Crown of Aragon, a catalogue of translations into Catalan of texts from the classical antiquity through the Italian Renaissance, and a critical study of the influence of the classics in five major works: Bernat Metge's Lo somni, Joanot Martorell's Tirant lo Blanc, the anonymous Curial e Guelfa, Ausias March's poetry, and Joan Rois de Corella's prose.
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Die Studie untersucht Adverbialstrukturen im gesprochenen Französisch, die drei oder mehr Diskursabschnitte in komplexer Weise miteinander verbinden. Diese Strukturen werden als Makrokonstruktionen im Sinne der Konstruktionsgrammatik modelliert und anhand eines umfangreichen Korpus hinsichtlich ihrer lokalen Emergenz in der Interaktion und ihrer Sedimentierung analysiert. Dabei werden syntaktische, semantische, prosodische und interaktional-pragmatische Aspekte einbezogen. The study investigates adverbial structures in spoken French that combine three or more discursive elements in a complex way. These structures are modeled in accordance with the terms of construction grammar as “macro constructions.” Drawing upon an extensive corpus, this study analyzes them with regard to their local emergence in interaction and their sedimentation.
French language --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / French. --- Adverbials. --- Grammar. --- Spoken French. --- Complex Syntax. --- Construction Grammar. --- Interaction. --- Spoken French --- Langue d'oïl --- Romance languages
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French language --- Psycholinguistics --- 804.0-07 --- Frans: taalonderwijs; taalverwerving --- 804.0-07 Frans: taalonderwijs; taalverwerving --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / French --- Bilingualism in children --- French language / Acquisition --- Language acquisition --- Second language acquisition --- Französisch --- Acquisition
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This co-written, multi-stranded book challenges assumptions about Chrétien as the author of a canon of works. In a series of lively exchanges, its five authors reassess the relationship between lyric and romance, between individuality and social conditions, and between psychology and medieval philosophy. The idea of 'logical time' is used to open up such topics as adventure, memory, imagination, and textual variation. Recent research on Troyes and on the political agency of women leads to the reappraisal of subjectivity and gender. Throughout, the medieval texts associated with the name of Chrétien are highlighted as sites where thought emerges; the implications of this thought are historicized and further conceptualized with the help of recent theoretical works, including those of Lacan. ZRINKA STAHULJAK, VIRGINIE GREENE, SARAH KAY, SHARON KINOSHITA and PEGGY McCRACKEN are professors at the University of California, Los Angeles, Harvard, Princeton, the University of California, Santa Cruz and the University of Michigan respectively.
Christian of Troyes --- Chrétien, --- Chrétien de Troyes, --- Chrétien, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Chrétien de Troyes --- Chrestien de Troyes, --- Chrestien, --- Kretʹen, --- Kretjen, --- Kristian, --- Troyes, Chrétien de, --- Кретјен, --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / French. --- Adventure. --- Chrétien de Troyes. --- Gender. --- Imagination. --- Individuality. --- Lacan. --- Logical Time. --- Lyric. --- Medieval Philosophy. --- Memory. --- Psychology. --- Romance. --- Social Conditions. --- Subjectivity.
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In Dynamics of Morphological Productivity , Francesco Gardani explores the evolution of the productivity of the noun inflectional classes of Latin and Old Italian, covering a span of almost 2,000 years – an absolute novelty for the theory of diachrony and for Latin and Italo-Romance linguistics. By providing an original set of criteria for measuring productivity, based on the investigation of loanword integration, conversions, and class shift, Gardani provides a substantial contribution to the theory of inflection, as well as to the study of the morphological integration of loanwords. The result is a wealth of empirical facts, including data from the contact languages Etruscan, Ancient Greek, Germanic, Arabic, Byzantine Greek, Old French and Provençal, accompanied by brilliant and groundbreaking analyses.
Romance languages --- Latin language --- Italian language --- Productivity (Linguistics) --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / French --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / Romance Languages (Other) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Classical languages --- Italic languages and dialects --- Classical philology --- Latin philology --- Neo-Latin languages --- Morphology. --- Noun. --- Grammar, Historical. --- Influence on Romance.
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While previous research on collective nouns in Romance languages mostly adopts a semasiological and theoretical perspective focusing mainly on one single language, the present study takes an onomasiological and comparative approach which is strongly based on empirical evidence. Against this background and in analogy to the verbal domain, the work elaborates further the functional category of nominal aspectuality which describes the construal of extra-linguistic entities as well as the linguistic means reflecting it. In this sense, collective nouns are systematically compared with other (nominal) means of expression of collectivity in French, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese, focusing especially on object mass nouns, which have hardly been studied so far for Romance languages. On the basis of corpus analyses and acceptability judgement studies, a holistic picture is thus drawn of the semantic-syntactic and derivational properties of various noun types in the synchrony of present-day language as well as of the diachronic lexicalisation paths of these very nouns. The work thus contributes to the understanding of the verbalisation of pluralities by linking and complementing previous monodimensional approaches and, above all, by placing them on a broad empirical basis.
Corpora (Linguistics). --- Romance languages --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / French. --- Collective nouns. --- Collectivity. --- Construction Morphology. --- Lexicalization. --- Nominal Aspectuality. --- Neo-Latin languages --- Italic languages and dialects --- Corpus-based analysis (Linguistics) --- Corpus linguistics --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Aspect (linguistique) --- Nom --- Langues romanes --- Français (langue) --- Noms collectifs --- Nombre (linguistique)
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