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Benzodiazepines --- Flumazenil --- antagonists & inhibitors

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Anesthesia, intravenous --- Flumazenil --- Midazolam --- Narcotics --- Nitrogen oxide (n2o) --- Thiopental --- Anesthesia, intravenous --- Flumazenil --- Midazolam --- Narcotics --- Nitrogen oxide (n2o) --- Thiopental

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Neonatal (early) handling (EH) and environmental enrichment (EE) of laboratory rodents have been the two most commonly used methods of providing supplementary environmental stimulation in order to study behavioral and neurobiological plasticity. A large body of research has been generated since the 1950s, unequivocally showing that both treatments induce profound and long-lasting behavioral and neural consequences while also inducing plastic brain effects and being "protective" against some age-related deficits. The present work is aimed at reviewing the main neurobehavioral effects of both manipulations, with the final purpose of comparing them and trying to find out to what extent the effects of both treatments may share (or not) possible neural mechanisms. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Inc

2-way active-avoidance. --- Adult-rats. --- Benzodiazepine receptor. --- Brain cortical membranes. --- Brain. --- Consequences. --- Deficits. --- Early experience,neonatal handling,environmental enrichment,stress,anxiety,learning,memory,neural plasticity,hippocampus,age-related deficits. --- Enrichment. --- Environmental enrichment. --- Handling. --- Infantile stimulation. --- Laboratory. --- Low-avoidance rats. --- Mechanisms. --- Method. --- Neonatal. --- Nerve growth-factor. --- Novelty-seeking. --- Perinatal flumazenil. --- Plasticity. --- Purpose. --- Research. --- Rodent. --- Rodents. --- Roman high-avoidance. --- Stimulation. --- Treatment. --- Work.

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Natural products or organic compounds isolated from natural sources as primary or secondary metabolites have inspired numerous drugs. It is not an overstatement that the majority of medicines in clinics, even in the 21st century, have been derived from natural resources despite the decline of industry research into natural products due to a variety of drawbacks. Saffron crocus, considered to be the most valuable spice by weight, and its bioactive constituents, have been studied for the treatment of a wide range of pathologies, including neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, diabetes, and even cardiovascular diseases. In this book on the chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of Crocus sativus L. extract and its constituents, we aimed to assess new advances in the understanding of the therapeutic action of saffron and its constituents in targeting different pathologies. In this context, eight original research articles covering recent advances in the therapeutic actions of saffron and its ingredients in different diseases are reported. Two studies reporting novel methods regarding the bioanalysis of saffron extracts have been included. The collection is completed with two very interesting reviews reporting advances in the fields of schizophrenia and cancer. In conclusion, in this book, we are delighted to have received several contributions that we hope will provide new and interesting information for the scientific community on the chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of Crocus sativus L. extract and its constituents.

saffron --- affron® --- depression --- anxiety --- antioxidant --- crocins --- glucose --- β-pancreatic cells --- insulin --- pck1 --- neuroprotective activity --- P2X7 receptor --- fraction --- flumazenil --- rat --- Crocus sativus --- cancer --- anticancer activity --- chemoprevention --- clinical trials --- patents --- anesthetic ketamine --- memory --- Crocus sativus L. --- schizophrenia --- crocetin --- pubertal testis --- X-rays --- radiotherapy --- fertility preservation --- SIRT1 --- HuR --- oxidative stress --- autophagy --- crocin --- picrocrocin --- safranal --- dietary supplement --- nutraceutical --- Crocus sativus L. (Iridaceae) --- reversed-phase UPLC --- metabolomics --- HR MS --- inflammatory bowel disease --- gut microbiota --- colitis --- cytokines --- colorectal cancer --- HCT116 --- MLH1 --- MSH3 --- DNA damage and repair --- apoptosis --- n/a

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Natural products or organic compounds isolated from natural sources as primary or secondary metabolites have inspired numerous drugs. It is not an overstatement that the majority of medicines in clinics, even in the 21st century, have been derived from natural resources despite the decline of industry research into natural products due to a variety of drawbacks. Saffron crocus, considered to be the most valuable spice by weight, and its bioactive constituents, have been studied for the treatment of a wide range of pathologies, including neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, diabetes, and even cardiovascular diseases. In this book on the chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of Crocus sativus L. extract and its constituents, we aimed to assess new advances in the understanding of the therapeutic action of saffron and its constituents in targeting different pathologies. In this context, eight original research articles covering recent advances in the therapeutic actions of saffron and its ingredients in different diseases are reported. Two studies reporting novel methods regarding the bioanalysis of saffron extracts have been included. The collection is completed with two very interesting reviews reporting advances in the fields of schizophrenia and cancer. In conclusion, in this book, we are delighted to have received several contributions that we hope will provide new and interesting information for the scientific community on the chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of Crocus sativus L. extract and its constituents.

Medicine --- saffron --- affron® --- depression --- anxiety --- antioxidant --- crocins --- glucose --- β-pancreatic cells --- insulin --- pck1 --- neuroprotective activity --- P2X7 receptor --- fraction --- flumazenil --- rat --- Crocus sativus --- cancer --- anticancer activity --- chemoprevention --- clinical trials --- patents --- anesthetic ketamine --- memory --- Crocus sativus L. --- schizophrenia --- crocetin --- pubertal testis --- X-rays --- radiotherapy --- fertility preservation --- SIRT1 --- HuR --- oxidative stress --- autophagy --- crocin --- picrocrocin --- safranal --- dietary supplement --- nutraceutical --- Crocus sativus L. (Iridaceae) --- reversed-phase UPLC --- metabolomics --- HR MS --- inflammatory bowel disease --- gut microbiota --- colitis --- cytokines --- colorectal cancer --- HCT116 --- MLH1 --- MSH3 --- DNA damage and repair --- apoptosis --- n/a