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Today, modern Geotechnical Engineers, who in the past would have considered the phenomena occurring in the (primarily soil) environment, are faced with developments in environmental sciences that are becoming increasingly more detailed and sophisticated, with the natural phenomena and processes surrounding the civil engineering infrastructure being modeled, designed, monitored, and assessed in a more holistic way. This book brings together the state of the art in geotechnics with a focus on sustainable design, resilience, construction, and monitoring of the performance of geotechnical assets from ground investigations, through foundation and drainage design to soil stabilization and reinforcement. Engineers and scientists working in the fields of green infrastructure, nature-based solutions, sustainable drainage, eco-engineering, hydro-geology, landscape planning, plant science, environmental biology or bio-chemistry, earth sciences, GIS, and remote sensing are represented here by articles that show significant geotechnical components or applications. Case studies showcasing the application of the sustainable development principles (e.g., reuse, recycle, reduce; stakeholder engagement; public health; UN Global Sustainability Goals) in Geotechnics are also included in this book.

Technology: general issues --- machine learning --- random forest --- particle swarm optimization --- Vietnam --- Seepage --- Earth-fill dam --- Experimental analysis --- Numerical analysis --- SEEP/W model --- Dam safety and sustainability --- highway construction --- environmental protection --- soil loss --- erosion control --- risk --- hazard --- vulnerability --- landslides --- multicriteria assessment --- analytical hierarchy process --- calcium sulfoaluminate cement --- stabilized soil --- unconfined compressive strength --- hydration products --- microstructure --- sustainability --- geosynthetics --- poly(lactic acid) --- biopolymers --- geogrids --- tensile strength --- machine learning --- random forest --- particle swarm optimization --- Vietnam --- Seepage --- Earth-fill dam --- Experimental analysis --- Numerical analysis --- SEEP/W model --- Dam safety and sustainability --- highway construction --- environmental protection --- soil loss --- erosion control --- risk --- hazard --- vulnerability --- landslides --- multicriteria assessment --- analytical hierarchy process --- calcium sulfoaluminate cement --- stabilized soil --- unconfined compressive strength --- hydration products --- microstructure --- sustainability --- geosynthetics --- poly(lactic acid) --- biopolymers --- geogrids --- tensile strength

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Laser shock processing (LSP) is a continuously developing effective technology used to improve surface and mechanical properties for metallic alloys. LSP is in direct competition with other established technologies, such as shot peening, both in preventive manufacturing treatments and maintenance/repair operations. The level of LSP maturity has increased in recent years and several thematic international conferences have been organized (i.e., the 7th ICLPRP held in Singapore, June 17–22, 2018) to discuss different developments of a number of key aspects. These aspects include: fundamental laser interaction phenomena; material behavior at high deformation rates/under intense shock waves; laser sources and experimental process implementation; induced microstructural/surface/stress effects; mechanical and surface properties with experimental characterization and testing; numerical process simulation; development and validation of applications; comparison of LSP to competing technologies; and novel related processes. All of these aspects have been recursively treated by well-renowned specialists, providing a firm basis for the further development of the technology in its path to industrial penetration. However, the application of LSP (and related technologies) on different types of materials with different applications (such as the always demanding aeronautical/aerospatial field or the energy generation, automotive, and biomedical fields) still requires extensive effort to elucidate and master different critical aspects. Thus, LSP deserves a great research effort as a necessary step prior to its industrial readiness level. The present Special Issue of Metals in the field of “Laser Shock Processing and Related Phenomena” aims, from its initial launching date, to collect (especially for the use of LSP application developers in different target sectors) a number of high-quality and relevant papers representing state-of-the-art technology that is useful to newcomers in realizing its wide and relevant prospects as a key manufacturing technology. Consequently, in an additional and complementary way, papers were presented at the thematic ICLPRP conferences, and a call was made to authors willing to prepare high-quality and relevant papers to the journal, with the confidence that their work would become part of a fundamental reference collection regarding the present state-of-the-art LSP technology. The Special Issue includes two reviews and nine research papers. Each contribution adds to the reference knowledge of LSP technology and covers the practical totality of open issues, which will lead to present-day research at worldwide universities, research centers, and industrial companies.

History of engineering & technology --- laser peening --- fatigue --- residual stress --- laser shock waves --- laser peening history --- laser shock peening --- residual stresses --- shot pattern --- energy density --- overlap --- hole drilling --- AA 2024 --- cladded aluminum --- notch --- aluminium alloys --- finite element method --- polymers --- solid confinement --- VISAR measurement --- laser shock processing --- plasma diagnosis --- electron density --- dry laser peening --- femtosecond laser --- shock wave --- laser welding --- 2024 aluminum alloy --- high-velocity impact welding --- laser impact welding --- finite element simulation --- experimental analysis --- microhardness --- resonant fatigue resistance --- roughness --- aluminum alloys --- handheld laser --- nuclear power reactor --- stress corrosion cracking --- anisotropy --- FEM analysis --- Mg AZ31B alloy --- n/a

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Laser shock processing (LSP) is a continuously developing effective technology used to improve surface and mechanical properties for metallic alloys. LSP is in direct competition with other established technologies, such as shot peening, both in preventive manufacturing treatments and maintenance/repair operations. The level of LSP maturity has increased in recent years and several thematic international conferences have been organized (i.e., the 7th ICLPRP held in Singapore, June 17–22, 2018) to discuss different developments of a number of key aspects. These aspects include: fundamental laser interaction phenomena; material behavior at high deformation rates/under intense shock waves; laser sources and experimental process implementation; induced microstructural/surface/stress effects; mechanical and surface properties with experimental characterization and testing; numerical process simulation; development and validation of applications; comparison of LSP to competing technologies; and novel related processes. All of these aspects have been recursively treated by well-renowned specialists, providing a firm basis for the further development of the technology in its path to industrial penetration. However, the application of LSP (and related technologies) on different types of materials with different applications (such as the always demanding aeronautical/aerospatial field or the energy generation, automotive, and biomedical fields) still requires extensive effort to elucidate and master different critical aspects. Thus, LSP deserves a great research effort as a necessary step prior to its industrial readiness level. The present Special Issue of Metals in the field of “Laser Shock Processing and Related Phenomena” aims, from its initial launching date, to collect (especially for the use of LSP application developers in different target sectors) a number of high-quality and relevant papers representing state-of-the-art technology that is useful to newcomers in realizing its wide and relevant prospects as a key manufacturing technology. Consequently, in an additional and complementary way, papers were presented at the thematic ICLPRP conferences, and a call was made to authors willing to prepare high-quality and relevant papers to the journal, with the confidence that their work would become part of a fundamental reference collection regarding the present state-of-the-art LSP technology. The Special Issue includes two reviews and nine research papers. Each contribution adds to the reference knowledge of LSP technology and covers the practical totality of open issues, which will lead to present-day research at worldwide universities, research centers, and industrial companies.

History of engineering & technology --- laser peening --- fatigue --- residual stress --- laser shock waves --- laser peening history --- laser shock peening --- residual stresses --- shot pattern --- energy density --- overlap --- hole drilling --- AA 2024 --- cladded aluminum --- notch --- aluminium alloys --- finite element method --- polymers --- solid confinement --- VISAR measurement --- laser shock processing --- plasma diagnosis --- electron density --- dry laser peening --- femtosecond laser --- shock wave --- laser welding --- 2024 aluminum alloy --- high-velocity impact welding --- laser impact welding --- finite element simulation --- experimental analysis --- microhardness --- resonant fatigue resistance --- roughness --- aluminum alloys --- handheld laser --- nuclear power reactor --- stress corrosion cracking --- anisotropy --- FEM analysis --- Mg AZ31B alloy --- laser peening --- fatigue --- residual stress --- laser shock waves --- laser peening history --- laser shock peening --- residual stresses --- shot pattern --- energy density --- overlap --- hole drilling --- AA 2024 --- cladded aluminum --- notch --- aluminium alloys --- finite element method --- polymers --- solid confinement --- VISAR measurement --- laser shock processing --- plasma diagnosis --- electron density --- dry laser peening --- femtosecond laser --- shock wave --- laser welding --- 2024 aluminum alloy --- high-velocity impact welding --- laser impact welding --- finite element simulation --- experimental analysis --- microhardness --- resonant fatigue resistance --- roughness --- aluminum alloys --- handheld laser --- nuclear power reactor --- stress corrosion cracking --- anisotropy --- FEM analysis --- Mg AZ31B alloy

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The electrical energy industry is undergoing dramatic changes: massive deployment of renewables, increasing share of DC networks at transmission and distribution levels, and at the same time, a continuing reduction in conventional synchronous generation, all contribute to a situation where a variety of technical and economic challenges emerge. As the society’s reliance on electrical power continues to increase as a result of international decarbonisation commitments, the need for secure and uninterrupted delivery of electrical energy to all customers has never been greater. Power system protection plays an important enabling role in future decarbonized energy systems. This book includes ten papers covering a wide range of topics related to protection system problems and solutions, such as adaptive protection, protection of HVDC and LVDC systems, unconventional or enhanced protection methods, protection of superconducting transmission cables, and high voltage lightning protection. This volume has been edited by Adam Dyśko, Senior Lecturer at the University of Strathclyde, UK, and Dimitrios Tzelepis, Research Fellow at the University of Strathclyde.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- decentralized protection scheme --- fault analysis --- low voltage direct current grids --- plug-and-play systems --- solid-state circuit breakers --- DC grids --- fault protection --- local detection --- local action --- DC circuit breaker --- AC microgrid --- adaptive protection --- IEC 61850 GOOSE protocol --- substation automation --- adaptive auto-reclosing --- power system protection --- EV transmission lines --- transient fault --- Hilbert–Huang transform --- microgrid --- distributed generation --- inverse-time over-current protection --- coordination optimization --- superconducting cable --- quench --- high temperature --- coppers stabilizer --- superconducting tape --- fault current limiting feature --- power generation-side --- multi-information fusion --- hierarchical protection system --- system layer --- station layer --- local layer --- wavelet entropy --- transient component --- MMC-HVDC --- protection --- building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) --- lightning attachment characteristics --- lightning energy withstand capability --- numerical and experimental analysis --- ±230 kV MMC-HVDC --- zero-crossing DCCB --- DC transmission line --- fault current --- hybrid DCCB --- bidirectional DCCB --- external elements --- energy dissipation --- n/a --- Hilbert-Huang transform

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This Special Issue consists of selected papers from the Experimental Stress Analysis 2020 conference. Experimental Stress Analysis 2020 was organized with the support of the Czech Society for Mechanics, Expert Group of Experimental Mechanics, and was, for this particular year, held online in 19–22 October 2020. The objectives of the conference included identification of current situation, sharing professional experience and knowledge, discussing new theoretical and practical findings, and the establishment and strengthening of relationships between universities, companies, and scientists from the field of experimental mechanics in mechanical and civil engineering. The topics of the conference were focused on experimental research on materials and structures subjected to mechanical, thermal–mechanical, and dynamic loading, including damage, fatigue, and fracture analyses. The selected papers deal with top-level contemporary phenomena, such as modern durable materials, numerical modeling and simulations, and innovative non-destructive materials’ testing.

residual stresses --- neutron diffraction --- three axis setting --- high resolution --- bent crystal monochromator --- bent crystal analyzer --- stainless steel 316L --- additive manufacturing --- multiaxial loading --- plasticity --- digital image correlation method --- hill yield criterion --- isotropic hardening --- finite element method (FEM) --- straightening process --- three-point bending --- FEM --- control strategy --- billet straightening --- multiaxial fatigue --- high-cycle fatigue --- multiaxial fatigue experiments --- S-N curve approximation --- laser welding --- pressure vessel steel --- microstructure --- X-ray and neutron diffraction --- high-cycle fatigue tests --- wearable --- flexible --- structure --- stiffness --- biomedical --- mechanics --- simulation --- pattern --- 3D print --- PA12 --- tram --- pedestrian --- crash --- windshield model --- HIC --- hole-drilling --- PhotoStress --- digital image correlation --- experimental analysis --- finite element analysis --- composite --- thermoplastic --- interlaminar strength --- polyphenylensulfid --- polyetheretherketone --- polyaryletherketone --- curved beam --- NDE --- infrared thermography --- Infrared Nondestructive Testing --- CFRP --- Anand material model --- material parameters --- ABS-M30 --- indentation test --- genetic algorithm --- acoustic emission --- CFRP composite tube --- unsupervised learning approach --- failure mechanism --- n/a