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L'exotisme, tant littéraire qu’artistique, est parfois soupçonné d’être le simple refuge de l’idéalisation des civilisations différentes, colorant les mondes étrangers pour mieux en nier la spécificité. Pourtant, en une période d’extraordinaire intensification des échanges entre les diverses régions du monde, à un moment où s’instaurent de nouveaux rapports au passé colonial et où l’on peut parler de « world fiction », voire de « république mondiale des lettres », la littérature et les représentations exotiques sont devenues très importantes et connaissent un regain d’intérêt critique. Désormais, il est rare en effet qu’une œuvre romanesque un peu ambitieuse ne se confronte à la question du voyage et de la rencontre des autres cultures et qu’elle ne s’intéresse chemin faisant, fût-ce pour les combattre ou en jouer, aux images de l’exotisme. Par la vitalité de ses formes, passées et contemporaines, l’exotisme s’est toujours affirmé comme un lieu de transformation des lettres et des arts. Ce volume s’intéresse à quelques-uns de ces apanages, situés tant à l’âge colonial qu’à l’ère post-coloniale. Si la littérature hispanique et latino-américaine est privilégiée, on n’en oublie nullement d’autres aires culturelles, notamment les Caraïbes et l’Extrême-Orient. L’exotisme est ici étudié dans ses formes passées ou contemporaines, selon certains espaces, certaines figures rêvées qui ont naguère dominé les représentations des autres cultures. Chemin faisant s’affirment ainsi des continuités littéraires et esthétiques, mais aussi l’importance d’un Victor Segalen, qui fixait, dès le tournant du XIXe siècle, un programme, malheureusement inachevé, de réhabilitation de l’exotisme ouvrant à une « esthétique du Divers ». C’est cette complexité exotique, dépouillée des clichés et des préjugés touristiques ordinaires, que les contributions de ce volume invitent à considérer dans quelques textes littéraires remarquables.
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In this book, Gaugin's exoticism, the inexhaustible subject of mythical constructions, is re-examined within the framework of the complex contemporary interferences between Symbolist culture and the pressure of colonial policies. Various perspectives are adopted, from the analysis of the theme of the mask in the self-portraits, to the literary suggestions or those evoked by the Universal Exhibition of 1889. There is also a re-reading of the sojourns in Brittany and Oceania, designed to clarify the links between exoticism and nostalgia: a definition of the evasion in space as the substitute for a regression in time, in search of a dimension of the origins from which modern man is by now debarred.
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In this book, Gaugin's exoticism, the inexhaustible subject of mythical constructions, is re-examined within the framework of the complex contemporary interferences between Symbolist culture and the pressure of colonial policies. Various perspectives are adopted, from the analysis of the theme of the mask in the self-portraits, to the literary suggestions or those evoked by the Universal Exhibition of 1889. There is also a re-reading of the sojourns in Brittany and Oceania, designed to clarify the links between exoticism and nostalgia: a definition of the evasion in space as the substitute for a regression in time, in search of a dimension of the origins from which modern man is by now debarred.
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We are now in the Age of Caliban rather than in the Time of Ariel or the Era of Prospero, Harold Bloom claimed in 1992. Bloom was specifically referring to Caliban's rising popularity as the prototype of the colonised or repressed subject, especially since the 1980s. However, already earlier the figure of Caliban had inspired artists from the most divergent backgrounds: Robert Browning, Ernest Renan, Aimé Césaire, and Peter Greenaway, to name only some of the better known. Much has already been published on Caliban, and there exist a number of excellent surveys of this character's appearance in literature and the other arts. The present collection does not aim to trace Caliban over the ages. Rather, Constellation Caliban intends to look at a number of specific refigurations of Caliban. What is the Caliban-figure's role and function within a specific work of art? What is its relation to the other signifiers in that work of art? What interests are invested in the Caliban-figure, what values does it represent or advocate? Whose interests and values are these? These and similar questions guided the contributors to the present volume. In other words, what one finds here is not a study of origins, not a genealogy, not a reception-study, but rather a fascinating series of case studies informed by current theoretical debate in areas such as women's studies, sociology of literature and of the intellectuals, nation-formation, new historicism, etc. Its interdisciplinary approach and its attention to matters of multi-culturalism make Constellation Caliban into an unusually wide ranging and highly original contribution to Shakespeare-studies. The book should appeal to students of English Literature, Modern European Literature, Comparative Literature, Drama or Theatre Studies, and Cultural Studies, as well as to anyone interested in looking at literature within a broad social and historical context while still appreciating detailed textual analyses.
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In this book, Gaugin's exoticism, the inexhaustible subject of mythical constructions, is re-examined within the framework of the complex contemporary interferences between Symbolist culture and the pressure of colonial policies. Various perspectives are adopted, from the analysis of the theme of the mask in the self-portraits, to the literary suggestions or those evoked by the Universal Exhibition of 1889. There is also a re-reading of the sojourns in Brittany and Oceania, designed to clarify the links between exoticism and nostalgia: a definition of the evasion in space as the substitute for a regression in time, in search of a dimension of the origins from which modern man is by now debarred.
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