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Exception culturelle --- Politique culturelle --- Culture --- 1990-.... --- France --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Droit européen

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Depuis une dizaine d'années, les Français s'inquiètent du déclin de leur influence dans le monde et au sein de l'Union européenne. Ce travail cherche à mettre en évidence les différents leviers d'influence à disposition de la République française en analysant le processus révisionnel de la directive Services de Médias audiovisuels

France --- Directive SMA --- Forums --- Exception culturelle --- Cinéma --- audiovisuel --- Union européenne --- Services de Médias audiovisuels --- Droit, criminologie & sciences politiques > Sciences politiques, administration publique & relations internationales

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In Exception Taken, Jonathan Buchsbaum examines the movements that have emerged in opposition to the homogenizing force of Hollywood in global filmmaking. While European cinema was entering a steady decline in the 1980s, France sought to strengthen support for its film industry under the new Mitterrand government. Over the following decades, the country lobbied partners in the European Economic Community to design strategies to protect the audiovisual industries and to resist cultural free-trade pressures in international trade agreements. These struggles to preserve the autonomy of national artistic prerogatives emboldened many countries to question the benefits of accelerated globalization.Led by the energetic minister of culture Jack Lang, France initiated a series of measures to support all sectors of the film industry. Lang introduced laws mandating that state and private television invest in the film industry, effectively replacing the revenue lost from a shrinking theatrical audience for French films. With the formation of the European Union in 1992, Europe passed a new treaty (Maastricht) that extended its legal purview to culture for the first time, setting up the dramatic confrontation over the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) in 1993. Pushed by France, the EU fought the United States over the idea that countries should preserve their right to regulate cultural activity as they saw fit. France and Canada then initiated a campaign to protect cultural diversity within UNESCO that led to the passage of the Convention on Cultural Diversity in 2005. As France pursued these efforts to protect cultural diversity beyond its borders, it also articulated "a certain idea of cinema" that did not simply defend a narrow vision of national cinema. France promoted both commercial cinema and art cinema, disproving announcements of the death of cinema.

Motion picture industry --- Film industry (Motion pictures) --- Moving-picture industry --- Cultural industries --- History --- Film --- France --- Industrie du cinéma --- Exception culturelle. --- Cinéma et mondialisation --- Cinéma --- Aspect économique --- Industrie du cinéma --- Cinéma et mondialisation --- Cinéma --- Aspect économique

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Although EU Member States share a tradition of regulating public broadcasting For The public interest, such regulation has been in decline in recent years. it has been challenged by the emergence of commercial television sworn To The market logic, As well as by satellite services And The Internet. EU law and policy has, under pressure from powerful global forces, abetted that decline. The question thus arises: Do cultural values still matter in European national broadcasting? This important book examines the challenges posed to public service obligations by European Union media law and policy. An in-depth analysis of the extent to which six countries (France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, And The United Kingdom) regulate broadcasting For The public interest reveals a range of vulnerability to national political pressures or, alternatively, To the ideology of market sovereignty. The author examines the country of origin principle And The European quota rule of the Television without Frontiers Directive, revealing the influence of European law on the definition and enforcement of programme requirements, and shows how the case law of the European Court of Justice encourages deregulation at the national level without offering adequate safeguards at the supranational level in exchange. She asks the question whether the alleged lsEuropean audiovisual modelrs actually persists-that is, whether broadcasting is still committed to protecting such values as cultural diversity, The safety of minors, the susceptibility of consumers to advertising, media pluralism, And The fight against racial and religious hatred. The book concludes with an evaluation of the impact of the EU state aid regime on the licence fee based financing of public broadcasting. Despite the increasing importance of the subject, its study in a comparative context has been heretofore underdeveloped. This book fully provides that context and more, and will be of great value and interest to all parties concerned with the key role of communications in the development of European integration.

Telecommunication services --- Industrial and intellectual property --- Comparative law --- European law --- France --- United Kingdom --- Netherlands --- Greece --- Germany --- Italy --- Public broadcasting --- Law and legislation --- Non-commercial broadcasting --- Noncommercial broadcasting --- Broadcasting --- Multiculturalisme --- Télévision --- Public broadcasting - Law and legislation - European Union countries --- Télévision --- Communication audiovisuelle publique --- Droit public (droit européen) --- Exception culturelle --- Subventions

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Economic order --- Political sociology --- Autonomy. --- State, The. --- Citizenship. --- Self-determination, National. --- Culture and globalization --- Autonomie --- Etat --- Citoyenneté --- Droit des peuples à disposer d'eux-mêmes --- Culture et mondialisation --- China --- Chine --- Politics and government --- Economic conditions --- Politique et gouvernement --- Conditions économiques --- Autonomy --- State, The --- Citizenship --- Self-determination, National --- 844 Sociale structuur --- Citoyenneté --- Droit des peuples à disposer d'eux-mêmes --- Conditions économiques --- Administration --- Commonwealth, The --- Sovereignty --- Political science --- National self-determination --- Nationalism --- Nation-state --- Nationalities, Principle of --- Globalization and culture --- Globalization --- Birthright citizenship --- Citizenship (International law) --- National citizenship --- Nationality (Citizenship) --- Public law --- Allegiance --- Civics --- Domicile --- Political rights --- Independence --- Self-government --- International law --- Law and legislation --- Culture and globalization - China --- China - Politics and government - 2002 --- -China - Economic conditions - 2000 --- -Autonomy. --- Exception culturelle --- Femmes dans l'islam --- Libéralisme --- Asie du Sud-Est --- 21e siècle