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A common feature of many psychopathological states (going from anxiety, depression to schizophrenia or addictions) is to show cognitive alterations. These cognitive deficits clearly impact on the onset of clinical symptoms. Therefore, recent studies showed that increasing cognitive skills have a positive effect on patients' quality of life, and decrease the severity of clinical symptoms. However, a main problem consists in the fact that some minor cognitive restrictions, even if not observable at the behavioral level, may induce a state of "vulnerability" that can, in some circumstances, lead the patients to relapse. For instance, in alcohol dependence, it is well-known that, despite detoxification cure, psychological intervention and medication, 50 to 90% of patients resume in alcohol consumption within 1 year post-detoxification cure. In this view, it could be really important to find biological markers for even minor cognitive alterations, that can help clinicians to identify which patients are more "at-risk" to relapse, in order to improve treatment through best suited medication and specialized programs of cognitive rehabilitation. In this topic, our aim is to illustrate how and why cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) may help in different psychopathological populations to adapt the treatment of individual patients on the basis of their specific neuro-cognitive alterations.

Cognitive Processes --- relapse --- biomarkers --- Event-related potentials --- Psychopathology

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Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology) --- Cortical evoked potentials --- Event-related brain potentials --- Event-related potentials (Electrophysiology) --- Evoked cortical potentials --- Electroencephalography --- Electrophysiology

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Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IOM) has proven itself a versatile technique that reduces the risks of acquiring intraoperative neurological deficits, shortens operating time, and lowers the costs of medical care and rehabilitation. It can also reduce the risks of medical malpractice suits and serve as a research tool to better understand nervous system disorders and promote improved treatments. In Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring, Second Edition, the premier authority on the subject, Aage R. Møller, has extensively expanded and rewritten his highly regarded first edition to create a comprehensive, up-to-date reference on IOM techniques and their anatomical and physiological basis. In addition, the author has added new material on the monitoring of the spinal motor system, sensory systems, peripheral nerves, and in skull base surgery. Writing as a pioneer and leader in the field, Dr. Møller provides practical information about how to perform electrophysiological recordings in the operating room, interpret the results, and present them to the surgeon. Included are descriptions of methods for guiding the surgeon in such operations as microvascular decompression and the implantation of electrodes for deep brain stimulation and auditory prostheses. Methods for mapping of the cerebral cortex, the brainstem, and the spinal cord are also described, as well as practical procedures for monitoring cranial motor nerves. Practical aspects of IOM including requirements of equipment, reducing electrical and magnetic interference, and how to work with other teams in the operating room are discussed in detail. Comprehensive and up-to-date, Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring, Second Edition, is an authoritative survey of the theoretical and practical knowledge needed to reduce the risks that occur in surgical operations impacting the nervous system.

Neurophysiologic monitoring. --- Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology) --- Cortical evoked potentials --- Event-related brain potentials --- Event-related potentials (Electrophysiology) --- Evoked cortical potentials --- Electroencephalography --- Electrophysiology --- Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring --- Monitoring, Intraoperative neurophysiologic --- Monitoring, Neurophysiologic --- Monitoring, Neurophysiologic intraoperative --- Neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring --- Intraoperative monitoring

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This book covers all aspects of evoked potentials (EPs) utilized clinically in evaluating the functional integrity of somatosensory, auditory, motor, and visual pathways in the nervous system. It explores techniques needed to correctly perform EPs, and discusses these clinical neurophysiological tests that are performed in academic institutions and large community hospitals. Concise and comprehensive, this case-study rich text is divided into five chapters. Beginning with basic principles of evoked potential recording, the first chapter discusses signal enhancement and limitations of signal averaging. Chapter two then provides an overview of brainstem auditory EPs. Subsequent chapters then present visual EPs and somatosensory evoked potentials. Finally, the book concludes with clinical applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation, as well as a brief discussion of the techniques of transcranial electrical motor evoked potentials during intraoperative monitoring. Clinical Evoked Potentials: An Illustrated Manual functions as an essential reference for neurologists neurosurgeons, anesthesiologists, clinical neurophysiologists, and EP technologists, who are involved with the recording and interpretation of EPs primarily for diagnostic purposes.

Neurology . --- Neurosurgery. --- Neuroradiology. --- Neurology. --- Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology) --- Cortical evoked potentials --- Event-related brain potentials --- Event-related potentials (Electrophysiology) --- Evoked cortical potentials --- Electroencephalography --- Electrophysiology --- Neuroradiography --- Neuroradiology --- Nervous system --- Nerves --- Neurosurgery --- Medicine --- Neuropsychiatry --- Diseases --- Surgery --- Surgery. --- Radiography.

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Dyslexia --- Pathophysiology --- Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology) --- Brain --- #KVHB:Dyslexie --- #KVHB:Neuropsychologie --- Cortical evoked potentials --- Event-related brain potentials --- Event-related potentials (Electrophysiology) --- Evoked cortical potentials --- Electroencephalography --- Electrophysiology --- Developmental dyslexia --- Word-blindness, Partial --- Language disorders --- Reading disability --- Alexia --- Cerebrum --- Mind --- Central nervous system --- Head