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Als Jacques Duèze am 7. August 1316 zum Papst gewählt wurde, war er bereits 72 Jahre alt. Die Kardinäle hatten ihn als Kompromiss- und Übergangskandidaten vorgesehen, dessen absehbarer Tod eine neue Wahl ermöglichen würde, doch diese Erwartung wurde gründlich enttäuscht. Als Papst Johannes XXII. regierte er 18 Jahre und war der bedeutendste der in Avignon residierenden Päpste. In vielen Tätigkeitsbereichen engagiert und vielen Konflikten ausgesetzt, perfektionierte er die päpstliche Kurie, erweiterte die Möglichkeiten päpstlicher Einflussnahme und suchte die päpstliche Vollgewalt in praktisches Handeln umzusetzen.Die Beiträge des Sammelbandes tragen zu einer neuen Bewertung des Pontifikat Papst Johannes' XXII. bei. Sichtbar wird ein umfassendes Konzept des Pontifikats, das die bisher in der Forschung getroffenen Urteile von juristischer Intransigenz und machtpolitischer Optimierung übersteigt: Es ist das Konzept einer langfristigen Implantierung von Regeln und Verfahren auf der Basis der religiösen Begründung des päpstlichen Amtes.

Church history --- Eglise --- Congresses. --- Histoire --- Congrès --- John --- Congresses --- Church history -- 14th century -- Congresses.. --- Church history -- 15th century -- Congresses.. --- John -- XXII, -- Pope, -- -1334 -- Congresses. --- D'Euse, Jacques, --- Duèze, Jacques, --- Euse, Jacques d', --- Joannes --- Johannes --- Christianity --- Ecclesiastical history --- History, Church --- History, Ecclesiastical --- History --- 262.13 JOANNES XXII --- 262.13 JOANNES XXII Pausschap. Heilige Stoel. Vaticaan. Paus als soeverein--JOANNES XXII --- Pausschap. Heilige Stoel. Vaticaan. Paus als soeverein--JOANNES XXII --- Jean --- Duèze, Jacques --- Middle Ages. --- Papacy. --- ecclesiastical law. --- political history.

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William of Ockham's (ca. 1288-1347) Opus nonaginta dierum has long been of interest to historians for his theory of rights. Yet the results of this interest has been uneven because most studies do not take sufficient account of the defences of Franciscan poverty already articulated by his fellow Franciscans, Bonagratia of Bergamo, Michael of Cesena, and Francis of Marchia. This book therefore presents and analyzes Ockham's account of property rights alongside those of his confreres. This contextualization of Ockham’s theory corrects many misconceptions about his theory of property, natural law, and natural rights, and therefore also provides a new foundation for studies of his political oeuvre, intellectual development, and significance as a political theorist.

347.23 <09> --- 2 GUILELMUS DE OCCAM --- Eigendomsrecht--Geschiedenis van ... --- Godsdienst. Theologie--GUILELMUS DE OCCAM --- 2 GUILELMUS DE OCCAM Godsdienst. Theologie--GUILELMUS DE OCCAM --- 347.23 <09> Eigendomsrecht--Geschiedenis van ... --- Eigendomsrecht--Geschiedenis van .. --- Right of property --- Property --- Poverty --- RELIGION / Institutions & Organizations --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Economics --- Possession (Law) --- Things (Law) --- Ownership of property --- Private ownership of property, Right of --- Private property, Right of --- Property, Right of --- Property rights --- Right of private ownership of property --- Right of private property --- Right to property --- Civil rights --- Religious aspects --- Catholic Church --- Law and legislation --- William, --- John --- Michael, --- Johannes --- Jean --- Joannes --- Duèze, Jacques --- D'Euse, Jacques, --- Duèze, Jacques, --- Euse, Jacques d', --- Criticism and interpretation --- Eigendomsrecht--Geschiedenis van . --- Primitive property --- Eigendomsrecht--Geschiedenis van

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Die Studie Johannes XXII., Avignon und Europa widmet sich mit einem innovativen Ansatz einem kontrovers diskutierten Pontifikat und ordnet hierbei anhand der in den päpstlichen Registerserien überlieferten kurialen Korrespondenz klassische Themen, wie die Auseinandersetzung zwischen Kaisertum und Papsttum, in einen europäischen Vergleichshorizont ein. Fallstudien, die von den Britischen Inseln bis zum Mittelmeer reichen, geben daneben den Mechanismen, Strukturen und Akteuren der päpstlichen Politik eine deutliche Kontur, wobei auch die grundsätzliche Rolle des Papsttums im spätmittelalterlichen Europa aus einem neuen Blickwinkel betrachtet wird. By implementing a European approach, the study offers a new view on the controversial pontificate of John XXII. Through examination of the correspondence preserved in the papal registers, classic topics like the dispute between papacy and empire can be interpreted within a broader context while case studies ranging from the British Isles to the Mediterranean reveal the mechanisms and actors of papal politics in late medieval Europe.

Church history --- John --- Catholic Church --- Foreign relations --- Avignon (France) --- Europe --- Catholic Church. --- 262.13 JOANNES XXIII --- Christianity --- Pausschap. Heilige Stoel. Vaticaan. Paus als soeverein--JOANNES XXIII --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- D'Euse, Jacques, --- Duèze, Jacques, --- Euse, Jacques d', --- Joannes --- Johannes --- Church of Rome --- Roman Catholic Church --- Katholische Kirche --- Katolyt︠s︡ʹka t︠s︡erkva --- Römisch-Katholische Kirche --- Römische Kirche --- Ecclesia Catholica --- Eglise catholique --- Eglise catholique-romaine --- Katolicheskai︠a︡ t︠s︡erkovʹ --- Chiesa cattolica --- Iglesia Católica --- Kościół Katolicki --- Katolicki Kościół --- Kościół Rzymskokatolicki --- Nihon Katorikku Kyōkai --- Katholikē Ekklēsia --- Gereja Katolik --- Kenesiyah ha-Ḳatolit --- Kanisa Katoliki --- כנסיה הקתולית --- כנסייה הקתולית --- 가톨릭교 --- 천주교 --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- 262.13 JOANNES XXIII Pausschap. Heilige Stoel. Vaticaan. Paus als soeverein--JOANNES XXIII --- Jean --- Duèze, Jacques --- Avenio Cavarum (France) --- Avenio (France) --- Aveniona (France) --- Avenionis Urbs (France) --- Avenneca Civitas (France) --- Avennica Civitas (France) --- Avennio (France) --- Avinio (France) --- Aviniona (France) --- Avinionum (France) --- Avinum (France) --- Avio (France) --- Aviona (France) --- Avignon (Papal city) --- Church history - Middle Ages, 600-1500. --- John - XXII, - Pope, - -1334. --- Avignon (France) - Foreign relations - Catholic Church. --- Europe - Foreign relations - Catholic Church.

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The debate over the poverty of Christ and his apostles under Pope John XXII (1316-1334) is one of the most famous intellectual controversies of the Middle Ages. The story of the uncompromising pope on collision course with a united Franciscan Order has often been told, most memorably by Umberto Eco in The Name of the Rose. In this book, Patrick Nold sets out to investigate the Franciscan Cardinal Bertrand de la Tour, a man apparently torn between the pope who was his patron and the Order to which he had devoted his life. Until now Bertrand has been considered of little importance, owing to his neglect by the primary sources conventionally relied upon by hisorians. Dr Nold suggests that these sources are unreliable: they were written years after the fact by disaffected Franciscans such as William of Ockham. From unpublished manuscript sources, Nold reconstructs the beginnings of the controversy and reveals the crucial role played by the Franciscan Cardinal. His discovery of Bertrand's significance undermines the common scholarly understanding of this episode and of the character of John XXII himself. He provides a major reinterpretation of the apostolic poverty controversy and has far-reaching consequences for issues such as papal infallibility, natural rights theory, and Ockham's political writings.

Poverty --- Poverty, Vow of --- Pauvreté --- Pauvreté (Vertu) --- Religious aspects --- Catholic Church --- History of doctrines --- Aspect religieux --- Eglise catholique --- Histoire des doctrines --- Bertrando, --- John --- Franciscans --- History. --- 262.13 JOANNES XXII --- 271-3 --- 929 BERTRAND DE LA TOUR --- -Poverty, Vow of --- -Vow of poverty --- Vows --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Pausschap. Heilige Stoel. Vaticaan. Paus als soeverein--JOANNES XXII --- Religieuze geloften van armoede, kuisheid en gehoorzaamheid. Kern van het religieuze leven --- Biografie. Genealogie. Heraldiek--BERTRAND DE LA TOUR --- -Catholic Church --- -History of doctrines --- -Bertrando di La Tour --- John XXII, Pope --- Alcantarines --- Bernardyni --- Cordeliers --- Discalced Friars Minor --- Família Franciscana --- Frades Menores --- Frailes Menores --- Franciscains --- Franciscan Discalceati --- Franciscan Order --- Franciscan Reformati --- Franciszkanie --- Frant︠s︡iskanskiĭ orden --- Frant︠s︡iskant︠s︡y --- Frati minori --- Fratres minores --- Frères mineurs --- Friars, Gray --- Friars Minor --- Gråbrøderne --- Gray Friars --- Grey Friars --- Mala braća --- Minderbrüder --- Minoriten --- Minorites --- O.F.M. --- Observants --- OFM --- Ojcowie Franciszkanie --- Ordem dos Frades Menores --- Ordem dos Franciscanos --- Ordem Franciscana --- Orden de Frailes Menores --- Orden de los Frailes Menores --- Orden Franciscana --- Orden sv. Frant︠s︡iska --- Order of Friars Minor --- Ordine dei Frati Minori --- Ordine dei minori --- Ordo Fratrum Minorum --- Reformati --- Reformed Franciscans --- Seraphic Order --- Capuchins --- Conventuals --- Franciscan Recollects --- -Pausschap. Heilige Stoel. Vaticaan. Paus als soeverein--JOANNES XXII --- 929 BERTRAND DE LA TOUR Biografie. Genealogie. Heraldiek--BERTRAND DE LA TOUR --- 271-3 Religieuze geloften van armoede, kuisheid en gehoorzaamheid. Kern van het religieuze leven --- 262.13 JOANNES XXII Pausschap. Heilige Stoel. Vaticaan. Paus als soeverein--JOANNES XXII --- Franciscains mineurs --- Ordre des frères franciscains mineurs --- -271-3 Religieuze geloften van armoede, kuisheid en gehoorzaamheid. Kern van het religieuze leven --- Vow of poverty --- Pauvreté --- Pauvreté (Vertu) --- Bernardinus, --- Bertrand, --- Bertrandus, --- De Turre, Bertrando, --- Di La Tour, Bertrando, --- La Tour, Bertrand de, --- La Tour, Bertrando di, --- Tour, Bertrando di La, --- Turre, Bertrando de, --- Turre, Bertrandus de, --- D'Euse, Jacques, --- Duèze, Jacques, --- Euse, Jacques d', --- Joannes --- Johannes --- Jean --- Duèze, Jacques --- Poverty - Religious aspects - Catholic Church - History of doctrines - Middle Ages, 600-1500. --- Poverty, Vow of - History of doctrines - Middle Ages, 600-1500. --- Bertrando, - di La Tour, - d. 1332? --- John - XXII, - Pope, - -1334.