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Acid soils --- -Forest declines --- -Forest ecology --- -Norway spruce --- -Soil ecology --- -Edaphology --- Ecology --- Soils --- Roots (Botany) --- Common spruce --- European spruce --- Picea abies --- Picea excelsa --- Pinus excelsa --- Spruce --- Forests and forestry --- Forest dieback --- Tree declines --- Acidic soils --- Soil acidity --- Effect of air pollution on --- Environmental aspects --- -Ecology --- Forest declines --- Forest ecology --- Norway spruce --- Soil ecology --- Edaphology --- Forest ecosystems

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Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) is an important tree species with a remarkable natural range throughout Europe and Asia, ranging from the Balkan Peninsula to Siberia in the north and from the French Alps in the west to the Sea of Okhotsk in the east. Wherever it occurs, it is a key component of both natural and managed forests. Norway spruce is the most economically valuable conifer in Europe, producing high-quality timber and wood products. This book presents a concise and comprehensive review of the biology, ecology, and management of Norway spruce. It integrates classic and contemporary literature (more than 2000 works cited in the text), highlighting basic research and forestry practices in central and eastern Europe. The topics include anatomy and morphology, physiology and nutrition, reproductive biology and genetics, and ecology. In addition, it examines mycorrhiza, diseases and pests as well as silviculture and wood products. In the light of increasing threats to forest health from air pollution, climate change, and insects and disease, it provides an essential information source to those concerned with the ecology, conservation, and management of the species.

Norway spruce --- Forests and forestry --- Ecology. --- Research. --- Forest research --- Forestry research --- Common spruce --- European spruce --- Picea abies --- Picea excelsa --- Pinus excelsa --- Spruce --- Trees. --- Plant Ecology. --- Botany. --- Forests and forestry. --- Tree Biology. --- Plant Sciences. --- Forestry. --- Forest land --- Forest lands --- Forest planting --- Forest production --- Forest sciences --- Forestation --- Forested lands --- Forestland --- Forestlands --- Forestry --- Forestry industry --- Forestry sciences --- Land, Forest --- Lands, Forest --- Silviculture --- Sylviculture --- Woodlands --- Woods (Forests) --- Agriculture --- Natural resources --- Afforestation --- Arboriculture --- Logging --- Timber --- Tree crops --- Trees --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Plants --- Botany --- Ecology --- Dendrology --- Nursery stock --- Woody plants --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Plant ecology. --- Plant science. --- Floristic botany --- Floristic ecology