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Gavelkind --- Borough-English (Law) --- Wilson

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"In excess of loss reinsurance, the reinsurer covers the amount of a loss exceeding the policy’s deductible but not piercing its cover limit. Accordingly, a policy’s quantitative scope of cover is significantly affected by the parties’ agreement of a deductible and a cover limit. Yet, the examination of whether a loss has exceeded deductible or cover limit necessitates an educated understanding of what constitutes one loss. In so-called aggregation clauses, the parties to (re-)insurance contracts regularly provide that multiple individual losses are to be added together for presenting one loss to the reinsurer when they arise from the same event, occurrence, catastrophe, cause or accident. Aggregation mechanisms are one of the core instruments for structuring reinsurance contracts. This book systematically examines each element of an aggregation mechanism, tracing the inconsistent usage of aggregation language in the markets and scrutinizing the tests developed by courts and arbitral tribunals. In doing so, it seeks to support insurers, reinsurers, brokers and lawyers in drafting aggregation clauses and in settling claims.Focusing on an analysis of primary sources, particularly judicial decisions, the book interprets each judicial decision to describe a system of inter-related rules, collating, organising and describing the English law of aggregation as applied by the courts and arbitral tribunals. It further draws a comparison between the English position and the corresponding rules in the Principles of Reinsurance Contract Law (PRICL)."

Liability insurance --- Law and legislation. --- Insurance law --- Aggregation;Commercial Law;English law of reinsurance;Engslih law of aggregation;Insurance Law

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Religious institutions --- Christianity and law. --- law --- organized religions --- secularism --- English law --- church and state --- human rights --- public religion --- ministers of religion --- religious life --- ritual --- faith-based welfare services --- mass media

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Full of fresh and illuminating insights into a way of looking at the English past in the sixteenth century... a book with the potential to deepen and transform our understanding of Tudor attitudes to ethnic identity and the national past.' - Philip Schwyzer, University of Exeter. Laurence Nowell (1530-c.1570), author of the first dictionary of Old English, and William Lambarde (1536-1601), Nowell's protégé and eventually the first editor of the Old English Laws, are key figures in Elizabethan historical discourses and in its political and literary society; through their work the period between the Germanic migrations and the Norman Conquest came to be regarded as a foundational time for Elizabethan England, overlapping with and contributing to contemporary debates on the shape of Elizabethan English language. Their studies took different strategies in demonstrating the role of early medieval history in Elizabethan national - even imperial - identity, while in Lambarde's legal writings Old English law codes become identical with the 'ancient laws' that underpinned contemporary common law. Their efforts contradict the assumption that Anglo-Saxon studies did not effectively participate in Tudor nationalism outside of Protestant polemic; instead, it was a vital part of making history 'English.' Their work furthers our understanding of both the history of medieval studies and the importance of early Anglo-Saxon studies to Tudor nationalism. Rebecca Brackmann is Assistant Professor of English, Lincoln Memorial University.

English literature --- Law and literature. --- Literature and law --- Literature --- History and criticism. --- English language --- Law and literature --- Literature and society --- History --- Nowell, Laurence, --- Lambarde, William, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Lambert, William, --- Lambard, William, --- Lambert, --- Lambardus, Gulielmus, --- Noel, Laurence, --- Nowel, Laurence, --- Early modern English language --- Germanic languages --- Elizabethan thinkers. --- English history. --- Old English law. --- Tudor nationalism. --- Tudor society. --- early Anglo-Saxon studies. --- ethnic identity. --- medieval studies. --- national past.

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The essays collected here put considerable emphasis on Arthurian narratives in material culture and historical context, as well as on purely literary analysis, a reminder of the enormous range of interests in Arthurian narratives in the Middle Ages, in a number of different contexts. The volume opens with a study of torture in texts from Chrétien to Malory, and on English law and attitudes inparticular. Several contributors discuss the undeservedly neglected Stanzaic Morte Arthur, a key source for Malory. His Morte Darthur is the focus of several essays, respectively on thesources of the "Tale of Sir Gareth"; battle scenes and the importance of chivalric kingship; Cicero's De amicitia and the mixed blessings and dangers of fellowship; and comparison of concluding formulae in the Winchester Manuscript and Caxton's edition. Seven tantalizing fragments of needlework, all depicting Tristan, are discussed in terms of the heraldic devices they include. The volume ends with an update on newly discovered manuscripts of Geoffrey of Monmouth's seminal Historia regum Britanniae, the twelfth-century best-seller which launched Arthur's literary career. Elizabeth Archibald is Professor of English Studies at Durham University, and Principal of St Cuthbert's Society; David F. Johnson is Professor of English at Florida State University, Tallahassee. Contibutors: David Eugene Clark, Marco Nievergelt, Ralph Norris, Sarah Randles, Lisa Robeson, Richard Sévère, Jaakko Tahkokallio, Larissa Tracy

Arthurian romances --- History and criticism. --- Arthur, --- In literature. --- Arturus, --- Artur, --- Arturo, --- Artus, --- Artù, --- Artús, --- Артур, --- Arzhur, --- Artuš, --- Αρθούρος, --- Arthouros, --- Arthur Pendragon --- Pendragon, Arthur --- Adha, --- 아서, --- 아서 왕 --- Asŏ, --- Asŏ Wang --- ארתור, --- Arthur Gernow --- Arthurus, --- Arturius, --- Arturs, --- Artūras, --- Artúr, --- アーサー, --- アーサー王 --- Āsā-ō --- Āsā, --- Èrthu, --- Arthwys, --- Arthurian Literature. --- Arthurian matters. --- Caxton's edition. --- Chrétien. --- Cicero. --- David Eugene Clark. --- David F. Johnson. --- De amicitia. --- Elizabeth Archibald. --- English law. --- Geoffrey of Monmouth. --- Historia regum Britanniae. --- Jaakko Tahkokallio. --- Larissa Tracy. --- Lisa Robeson. --- Malory. --- Marco Nievergelt. --- Middle Ages. --- Morte Darthur. --- Ralph Norris. --- Richard Sévère. --- Sarah Randles. --- Sir Gareth. --- Stanzaic Morte Arthur. --- Tristan. --- Winchester Manuscript. --- battle scenes. --- chivalric kingship. --- concluding formulae. --- contributors. --- fellowship. --- genres. --- heraldic devices. --- historical context. --- key source. --- literary analysis. --- literary career. --- material culture. --- needlework. --- periods. --- research. --- theoretical issues. --- twelfth-century.