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Electronics and optics of solids --- Narrow gap semiconductors --- -Gapless semiconductors --- Zero gap semiconductors --- Energy gap (Physics) --- Semiconductors --- Congresses --- -Congresses --- Gapless semiconductors --- Solid-state

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Since the discovery in 1986 of high temperature superconductors by J. G. Bednorz and K. A. Müller, a considerable progress has been made and several important scientific problems have emerged. Within this NATO Advanced Study Institute our intention was to focus mainly on the controversial topic of the symmetry of the superconducting gap and given the very short coherence length, the role of fluctuations. The Institute on ‘The Gap Symmetry and Fluctuations in High- Superconductors’ took place in the “Institut d’Etudes Scientifiques de Cargèse” in Corsica, France, between 1 - 13 September 1997. The 110 participantsfrom 18 countries (yet 30 nationalities) including 23 full time lecturers, have spent two memorable weeks in this charming Mediterranean resort. All lecturers were asked to prepare pedagogical papers to clearly present the central physical idea behind specific model or experiment. The better understanding of physics of high temperature superconductivity is certainly needed to guide the development of applications of these materials in high and weak current devices.

Energy gap (Physics) -- Congresses. --- Fluctuations (Physics) -- Congresses. --- High-temperature superconductors -- Congresses. --- High temperature superconductors --- Energy gap (Physics) --- High-temperature superconductors --- Physics. --- Solid state physics. --- Spectroscopy. --- Microscopy. --- Electrical engineering. --- Solid State Physics. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Electrical Engineering. --- Fluctuations (Physics) --- Electron configuration --- Congresses --- Computer engineering. --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Optics --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectrometry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Physics --- Solids --- Qualitative --- Analytical chemistry --- Spectrum analysis.

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Narrow gap semiconductors have provided an exciting field of research and show a number of extreme physical and material characteristics. They are the established material systems for infrared detectors and emitters, and with new developments in the technology these materials are emerging as a viable route to high speed, low power electronics. New kinds of narrow gap semiconductor, such as graphene and other composite nanocrystals, are also providing renewed interest in the underlying physics. The Thirteenth International Conference on Narrow Gap Semiconductors (NGS-13) was held at the University of Surrey, Guildford, UK in July 2007. The conference brought together experts and young scientists to discuss the latest findings and developments in the field. This book contains the invited and contributed papers which were presented at this meeting and serves to provide a broad overview of the current worldwide activities in narrow gap semiconductor research. The subjects covered are theoretical and material physics of narrow gap semiconductors and quantum heterostructures, spin related phenomenon including carrier dynamics and magnetotransport, carbon nanotubes and graphene as novel narrow gap material, as well as device physics including transistors, mid and far-infrared lasers and detectors.

Narrow gap semiconductors --- Gapless semiconductors --- Zero gap semiconductors --- Energy gap (Physics) --- Semiconductors --- Optical materials. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Engineering. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Engineering, general. --- Physics --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Optics --- Materials --- Electronic materials. --- Materials science. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Electronic materials

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Narrow gap semiconductors obey the general rules of semiconductor science, but often exhibit extreme features of these rules because of the same properties that produce their narrow gaps. Consequently these materials provide sensitive tests of theory, and the opportunity for the design of innovative devices. Narrow gap semiconductors are the most important materials for the preparation of advanced modern infrared systems. Device Physics of Narrow Gap Semiconductors offers descriptions of the materials science and device physics of these unique materials. Topics covered include impurities and defects, recombination mechanisms, surface and interface properties, and the properties of low dimensional systems for infrared applications. This book will help readers to understand not only the semiconductor physics and materials science, but also how they relate to advanced opto-electronic devices. The last chapter applies the understanding of device physics to photoconductive detectors, photovoltaic infrared detectors, super lattices and quantum wells, infrared lasers, and single photon infrared detectors.

Narrow gap semiconductors. --- Narrow-Gap-Halbleiter. --- Physics. --- Semiconductors. --- Crystalline semiconductors --- Semi-conductors --- Semiconducting materials --- Semiconductor devices --- Gapless semiconductors --- Zero gap semiconductors --- Materials science. --- Engineering. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Materials Science. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Engineering, general. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Crystals --- Electrical engineering --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Energy gap (Physics) --- Semiconductors --- Materials --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Physics --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Optics --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Electronic materials --- Material science --- Physical sciences