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Special Economic Zones have played an important role in the economic growth of many developing and advanced-developing nations, including Bangladesh, Brazil, India, Republic of Korea, Thailand, Turkey and Vietnam. These zones provide tailored infrastructure and business services, and they have become a successful model for large-scale job creation, transfer of skills and technology, export diversification, and industrial development led by foreign direct investment. In the next era of industrial zone development, sustainability and eco-industrial growth play paramount roles in minimizing environmental and social risks while generating profits for firms. It has become urgent to explore these models and to understand the contexts in which they can tackle the environmental and ecological challenges of our times while retaining their role as production hubs and growth centers. This report, based primarily on a global conference Eco-Industrial Parks (EIP) 2015, held in Seoul, Republic of Korea in October 2015, provides the latest thinking on eco-industrial parks, bringing together experiences from different countries and providing a vision on how these initiatives can be scaled up or mainstreamed. It will provide policy makers with insight conceptualizing EIPs and what different factors need to be considered in putting together an EIP program. The report builds the basis for further development of guidelines and step-by-step approaches on how to develop a national program on EIPs.

Business Development Services --- Clean Energy --- Competition Policy --- Energy --- Energy and Economic Development --- Energy Security --- Industrial Economics --- Industry --- Private Sector Development --- Trade Facilitation

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In the past two decades, insights from behavioral sciences, particularly behavioral economics, have been widely applied in the design of social programs such as pensions, social security, and taxation. This paper provides a survey of the existing literature in economics on the application of behavioral insights to infrastructure sectors, focusing on water and energy. Various applications of behavioral insights in the literature are examined from the perspectives of the three main actors in the infrastructure sectors: policy makers, service providers, and consumers. Evidence is presented from the literature on how behavioral regularities, such as imperfect optimization, limited self-control, and nonstandard preferences, affect the strategies, decisions, and actions of policy makers, service providers, and consumers, often leading to suboptimal outcomes for service investment, delivery, access, and use. The paper also highlights how behavioral interventions such as anchoring, framing, nonpecuniary incentives, and altering the choice architecture can lead to improvements in performance, adoption, consumption, and other outcomes of interest in the infrastructure sectors.

Behavioral Economics --- Development Planning and Policy --- Energy --- Energy and Economic Development --- Infrastructure --- Infrastructure Economics --- Infrastructure Economics and Finance --- Publicly-Provided Goods --- Water --- Water Economics --- Water Resources --- Water Supply and Sanitation Economics