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This paper uses 16 waves of panel data from the British Household Panel Survey to evaluate the role of subjective well-being in determining labor market transitions. It confirms a previous finding in the literature: individuals report a fall in their happiness when they lose a job, but they report a smaller fall when they are surrounded by unemployed peers, an effect called the "social norm". The main results of interest are that job search effort and unemployment duration are affected by the utility differential between having a job and being unemployed. Since this differential is also affected by the social norm, it implies that when unemployment increases, the unemployed are happier and they reduce their search effort. These results indicate that unemployment hysteresis has labor supply causes.

Aggregate unemployment --- Economic Theory & Research --- Employment status --- Governance --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- High unemployment --- Household survey --- Household surveys --- Job search --- Labor demand --- Labor market --- Labor Markets --- Labor Policies --- Labor supply --- Labour --- Labour force --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Population Policies --- Probit regression --- Regional unemployment --- Social Protections and Labor --- Unemployed --- Unemployed persons --- Unemployment --- Unemployment benefits --- Unemployment duration --- Wage distribution --- Workers --- Youth and Governance

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Labor market statistics are critical for assessing and understanding economic development. In practice, widespread variation exists in how labor statistics are measured in household surveys in low-income countries. Little is known whether these differences have an effect on the labor statistics they produce. This paper analyzes these effects by implementing a survey experiment in Tanzania that varied two key dimensions: the level of detail of the questions and the type of respondent. Significant differences are observed across survey designs with respect to different labor statistics. Labor force participation rates, for example, vary by as much as 10 percentage points across the four survey assignments. Using a short labor module without screening questions on employment generates lower female labor force participation and lower rates of wage employment for both men and women. Response by proxy rather than self-report yields lower male labor force participation, lower female working hours, and lower employment in agriculture for men. The differences between proxy and self reporting seem to come from information imperfections within the household, especially with the distance in age between respondent and subject playing an important role, while gender and educational differences seem less important.

Child labor --- Communities and Human Settlements --- Employment --- Employment patterns --- Employment status --- Female labor --- Female labor force --- Household enterprise --- Household survey --- Household surveys --- Housing & Human Habitats --- Labor --- Labor force --- Labor force participation --- Labor market --- Labor Markets --- Labor Policies --- Labor statistics --- Labor supply --- Laborers --- Social Analysis --- Social Development --- Social Protections and Labor --- Unemployment --- Unpaid family workers --- Wage employment --- Work & Working Conditions --- Workers

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The objective of the paper is to update the small area estimates of poverty and inequality for rural Vietnam. The new estimates of province and district level poverty for the year 2006, when combined with estimates available for 1999, allow for examination of how poverty has changed in rural Vietnam over the past seven years. The analysis finds that all provinces across the country experienced a noticeable reduction in rural poverty during the period 1999-2006. Some of the largest reductions in poverty are observed for provinces with poverty rates close to the national average. The poorest provinces have also experienced reductions in poverty, albeit at a more modest pace. Provinces and districts with lower levels of inequality in 2006 have seen above average poverty reductions. The authors consider both expenditure and income based measures of poverty and inequality, and find the results to be very similar.

Achieving Shared Growth --- Employment status --- Estimates of poverty --- Household survey --- Income --- Inequality --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Poor --- Poverty estimates --- Poverty levels --- Poverty mapping --- Poverty maps --- Poverty measurement --- Poverty rates --- Poverty Reduction --- Poverty reduction programs --- Regional Economic Development --- Rural --- Rural areas --- Rural households --- Rural livelihoods --- Rural poverty --- Rural Poverty Reduction --- Services & Transfers to Poor --- War

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Labor market statistics are critical for assessing and understanding economic development. In practice, widespread variation exists in how labor statistics are measured in household surveys in low-income countries. Little is known whether these differences have an effect on the labor statistics they produce. This paper analyzes these effects by implementing a survey experiment in Tanzania that varied two key dimensions: the level of detail of the questions and the type of respondent. Significant differences are observed across survey designs with respect to different labor statistics. Labor force participation rates, for example, vary by as much as 10 percentage points across the four survey assignments. Using a short labor module without screening questions on employment generates lower female labor force participation and lower rates of wage employment for both men and women. Response by proxy rather than self-report yields lower male labor force participation, lower female working hours, and lower employment in agriculture for men. The differences between proxy and self reporting seem to come from information imperfections within the household, especially with the distance in age between respondent and subject playing an important role, while gender and educational differences seem less important.

Child labor --- Communities and Human Settlements --- Employment --- Employment patterns --- Employment status --- Female labor --- Female labor force --- Household enterprise --- Household survey --- Household surveys --- Housing & Human Habitats --- Labor --- Labor force --- Labor force participation --- Labor market --- Labor Markets --- Labor Policies --- Labor statistics --- Labor supply --- Laborers --- Social Analysis --- Social Development --- Social Protections and Labor --- Unemployment --- Unpaid family workers --- Wage employment --- Work & Working Conditions --- Workers

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The objective of the paper is to update the small area estimates of poverty and inequality for rural Vietnam. The new estimates of province and district level poverty for the year 2006, when combined with estimates available for 1999, allow for examination of how poverty has changed in rural Vietnam over the past seven years. The analysis finds that all provinces across the country experienced a noticeable reduction in rural poverty during the period 1999-2006. Some of the largest reductions in poverty are observed for provinces with poverty rates close to the national average. The poorest provinces have also experienced reductions in poverty, albeit at a more modest pace. Provinces and districts with lower levels of inequality in 2006 have seen above average poverty reductions. The authors consider both expenditure and income based measures of poverty and inequality, and find the results to be very similar.

Achieving Shared Growth --- Employment status --- Estimates of poverty --- Household survey --- Income --- Inequality --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Poor --- Poverty estimates --- Poverty levels --- Poverty mapping --- Poverty maps --- Poverty measurement --- Poverty rates --- Poverty Reduction --- Poverty reduction programs --- Regional Economic Development --- Rural --- Rural areas --- Rural households --- Rural livelihoods --- Rural poverty --- Rural Poverty Reduction --- Services & Transfers to Poor --- War