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Compiling (Electronic computers) --- Parallel processing (Electronic computers)

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Programming languages (Electronic computers)

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Parallel processing (Electronic computers)

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The Verilog hardware description language (HDL) is defined in this standard. Verilog HDL is a formal notation intended for use in all phases of the creation of electronic systems. Because it is both machine-readable and human-readable, it supports the development, verification, synthesis, and testing of hardware designs; the communication of hardware design data; and the maintenance, modification, and procurement of hardware. The primary audiences for this standard are the implementers of tools supporting the language and advanced users of the language. (Supersedes IEEE Std 1364-2001. Superseded by IEEE Std 1800-2009).

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Adaptive (or Approximate) dynamic programming (ADP) is a general and effective approach for solving optimal control problems by adapting to uncertain environments over time ADP optimizes a user defined cost function with respect to an adaptive control law, conditioned on prior knowledge of the system, and its state, in the presence of system uncertainties A numerical search over the present value of the control minimizes a nonlinear cost function forward in time providing a basis for real time, approximate optimal control The ability to improve performance over time subject to new or unexplored objectives or dynamics has made ADP an attractive approach in a number of application domains including optimal control and estimation, operation research, and computational intelligence ADP is viewed as a form of reinforcement learning based on an actor critic architecture that optimizes a user prescribed value online and obtains the resulting optimal control policy.

Programming languages (Electronic computers)