Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

"Scientists, engineers, and a free-choice society is a book about control, largely the governing of children and young people in Sweden and the efforts made to persuade them to choose careers—and identities—in science and technology in the period 1950–2000. It is very much part of an interdisciplinary research tradition in which perspectives taken from the history of science and education are combined with theories from the field of governmentality studies. The book begins by describing a new societal problem that confronted Sweden, like so many other Western countries, in the immediate post-war years, namely a lack of engineers and scientists. The period from the outbreak of the Second World War to the mid fifties saw a new appreciation for scientific research and its application in both the military and civilian sectors. With the reconstruction of Europe and the Marshall Plan at its height in the fifties, technology and science became gradually associated with rising industrial productivity and with economic growth in general.By the sixties this had left national employment policy with some markedly pronounced objectives. By the end of the decade, it was obvious that the determination to increase student numbers in science and engineering ran contrary to other political ambitions, and did not sit well with the right of the individual to freedom of choice in education. The attempt to respect people’s autonomy while at the same time enabling more of them study these particular disciplines shaped a distinct set of strategies that made up the ‘positive exercise of power’—what might also be called liberal governing—in which the main idea was to encourage students to come to science and engineering of their own free will.The book goes on to demonstrate how this strategy of governing through individual autonomy would result in a series of specific measures in the seventies and on, including changes to the curricula and teaching materials, which were matched by activities outside the traditional bounds of learning such as a travelling science shows, advertising campaigns, and the construction of science and technology centres. The book also spells out the sheer reach of this recruitment policy. Many leading figures in Sweden set out to encourage people to become scientists and engineers—these were voices heard not only from government quarters, but also from industry and special interest groups.Scientists, engineers and a free-choice society does not set out to answer the question of how best to set about attracting young people into science and technology; rather, it is concerned with how that question has been answered by others, and what impact their responses have had on power relations between society and the individual, and indeed on the place of science and engineeringeducation in the present.

History --- Teaching of a specific subject --- Political structure & processes --- History of science --- Technology, engineering, agriculture --- freedom of choice --- recruitment --- vocational guidance --- education policies

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This open access book explores the agenda of education policies in the 21st century. In the first part of the book, education is handled from a historical and political framework, and the effects of the change of states and policies on education are examined. In the second part, the effects of changes in the economy on education policies and economies’ demands from educational institutions are examined. In the last section, current policies in the international education sector, which is growing day by day as a result of increasing globalization and internationalization, are examined and future trends are tried to be revealed. In articles written by academics from different universities all over the world, the topics are presented in a comparative perspective.

Central government policies --- Higher & further education, tertiary education --- Education --- Economics --- Education Policies --- International Education --- Global Education --- Cultural Diplomacy --- Education Finance --- Political Economy --- New Trends in Education Systems

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

"People move out to move up. Like other migrant groups, student mobility is a form of social mobility, and one that requires access from a host state. But there are multiple institutions with which students interact and that influence the processes of social mobility. Outward and Upward Mobilities investigates the connection between student and institution. The collection features work by key scholars in the field and considers international students from across Canada regardless of legal status. Exploring how international students and their families fare in local ethnic communities, educational and professional institutions, and the labour market, this volume demonstrates the need to ask more critical questions about the short- and long-term effects of temporary legal status, how student and family experiences differ by educational level and region of settlement, the barriers to and facilitators of adaptation and integration, and ultimately, to what extent individual, familial, institutional, and state goals function in harmony and in discord."--

Students, Foreign. --- Student mobility. --- Academic mobility --- Mobility, Student --- Migration, Internal --- Transfer students --- Foreign students --- International students --- Overseas students --- Students, International --- Visitors, Foreign --- Foreign students' spouses --- Foreign study --- Canada. --- Canadian education and immigration policies. --- education migration. --- foreign students. --- international education industry. --- international education policies. --- international student mobilities. --- international students. --- migration policies. --- transnational families. --- Canada (Province) --- Canadae --- Ceanada --- Chanada --- Chanadey --- Dominio del Canad --- Dominion of Canada --- Jianada --- Kʻaenada --- Kanada --- Ḳanadah --- Kanadaja --- Kanadas --- Ḳanade --- Kanado --- Kanak --- Province of Canada --- Republica de Canad --- Yn Chanadey --- Dominio del Canadá --- Kaineḍā --- Kanakā --- Republica de Canadá

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book constructs a historical narrative to examine the social consequences of testing faced by language-minoritized bilinguals in the United States. These consequences are understood with respect to what language-minoritized bilinguals faced when they have sought (1) access to civic participation (2) entry into the United States, (3) education in K-12 Schools, and (4) higher education opportunities. By centering the test-taker perspective with a use-oriented testing approach, the historical narrative describes the cumulative nature of these consequences for this community of individuals, which demonstrates how the mechanism of testing – often in conjunction with other structural and political forces – has contributed to the historic, systemic marginalization of language-minoritized bilinguals in the United States. By viewing these experiences with respect to consequential validity, the book poses questions to those involved in testing to not only acknowledge these histories, but to actively and explicitly incorporate efforts to dismantle these legacies of discrimination. The conclusions drawn from the historical analysis add an important perspective for educators and researchers concerned with inequities in the testing of language-minoritized bilinguals.

Bilingualism --- Linguistic minorities --- Children of minorities --- Multicultural education --- Education, Bilingual --- English language --- EFL (Language study) --- English as a foreign language --- English as a second language --- English to speakers of other languages --- ESL (Language study) --- ESOL (Language study) --- Teaching English as a second language --- TEFL (Language study) --- TESL (Language study) --- Bilingual education --- Multilingual education --- Intercultural education --- Education --- Culturally relevant pedagogy --- Minority languages --- Language and languages --- Minorities --- Sociolinguistics --- Languages in contact --- Multilingualism --- Social aspects --- Evaluation. --- Study and teaching --- Foreign speakers. --- Foreign students --- Political aspects --- Assessment. --- Bilingual Education. --- Language-minoritized bilinguals . --- Testing . --- US Immigration. --- US education policies. --- US immigration policies. --- civil rights. --- education in K-12 Schools. --- educational measurement. --- immigration. --- language education. --- linguistically diverse communities. --- marginalization. --- naturalization. --- Culturally sustaining pedagogy --- Germanic languages --- Minoritized languages

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In 2009, the Mexican state of Colima implemented a low-stakes accountability intervention with diagnostic feedback among 108 public primary schools with the lowest test scores in the national student assessment. A difference-in-difference and a regression discontinuity design are used to identify the effects of the intervention on learning outcomes. The two alternative strategies consistently show that the intervention increased test scores by 0.12 standard deviations only a few months after the program was launched. When students, teachers, and parents in a school know that their scores are low, and this triggers a process of self-evaluation and analysis, the process itself may lead to an improvement in learning outcomes. Information on quality, without punitive measures but within a supportive and collaborative environment, appears to be sufficient to improve learning outcomes.

Academic areas --- Academic year --- Achievement --- Age-grade distortion --- Average number of students --- Average score --- Average test scores --- Classroom --- Classrooms --- College --- Community schools --- Curriculum --- Decentralization --- Diplomas --- Economics of education --- Education --- Education authorities --- Education for all --- Education of teachers --- Education policies --- Education programs --- Education services --- Education system --- Educational authorities --- Educational programs --- Effective schools & teachers --- Exam --- Future research --- Girls --- Goals --- Grade retention --- Grade schools --- Graduate --- Graduate diploma --- Groups --- Innovative education --- Interventions --- ITS --- Knowledge --- Learning --- Learning outcomes --- Let --- Literacy --- Math scores --- Math test --- Ministry of education --- Mobility --- National educational programs --- National school --- Number of schools --- Number of students --- Number of teachers --- Online access --- Open access --- Papers --- Pedagogical tools --- Performance in math --- Performance of schools --- Primary education --- Primary schools --- Principals --- Public primary schools --- Public school --- Public school teachers --- Public schools --- Quality education --- Quality of education --- Quality of education services --- Report cards --- Research --- School --- School census --- School directors --- School improvement --- School improvement plan --- School improvement program --- School leaders --- School level --- School performance --- School principals --- School quality --- School size --- School supervision --- School supervisors --- School system --- School teachers --- School year --- Schooling --- Schools --- Science --- Secondary education --- Skills --- Standardized tests --- State education --- Statistics --- Strategies --- Student --- Student achievement --- Student assessment --- Student learning --- Student learning outcomes --- Student mobility --- Student outcomes --- Student performance --- Student population --- Student-Teacher ratio --- Student/teacher ratio --- Students --- Studies --- Study --- Subject areas --- Subjects --- Teacher --- Teacher ratio --- Teacher unions --- Teachers --- Teaching --- Tertiary education --- Test scores --- Tests --- Training --- Tuition --- University --- University degree