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This paper employs a meta-regression analysis of 473 estimates from 15 studies to take stock of the empirical literature on Chinese aid effectiveness. After accommodating publication selection bias, we find that, on average, Beijing’s foreign assistance has had a positive impact on economic and social outcomes in recipient countries but an opposite effect on governance, albeit negligible in size. We also show that (i) studies that fail to uncover statistically significant effects are less likely to be submitted to journals, or accepted for publication; and (ii) results are not driven by authors’ institutional affiliation. Differences in study characteristics such as the type of development outcome considered, how the Chinese aid variable is measured, the geographic region under study, and publication outlet explain the heterogeneity among Chinese aid effectiveness estimates reported in the literature.

Macroeconomics --- Economics: General --- Exports and Imports --- Infrastructure --- Econometric and Statistical Methods: Other --- Foreign Aid --- Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Economics of specific sectors --- International economics --- Foreign aid --- Development assistance --- National accounts --- Currency crises --- Informal sector --- Economics --- International relief --- Saving and investment --- China, People's Republic of

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This paper presents the Systemic Risk and Interconnectedness (SyRIN) tool. SyRIN allows a comprehensive assessment of systemic risk via quantification of the impact of risk amplification mechanisms, due to interconnectedness structures across banks and other financial intermediaries—insurance, pension fund, hedge fund and investment fund sectors, which cannot be captured when analyzing sectors independently. The tool produces various metrics to evaluate systemic risk from complementary perspectives, including tail risk, cross-entity interconnectedness and the contribution to systemic risk by different entities and sectors. SyRIN is easily implementable with publicly available data and can be adapted to cater to different degrees of institutional granularity and data availability. The framework is designed to be a tool to identify vulnerabilities from a top-down perspective that can lead to deeper analysis in specific sectors for policy formulation.

Risk assessment --- Analysis, Risk --- Assessment, Risk --- Risk analysis --- Risk evaluation --- Evaluation --- Data processing. --- Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Industries: Financial Services --- Mathematical Methods --- Econometric and Statistical Methods: Other --- Model Evaluation and Selection --- Optimization Techniques --- Programming Models --- Dynamic Analysis --- Business Fluctuations --- Cycles --- Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects --- Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation --- Finance --- Banking --- Mutual funds --- Insurance companies --- Systemic risk --- Commercial banks --- Hedge funds --- Financial institutions --- Financial sector policy and analysis --- Financial risk management --- Banks and banking --- Financial services industry --- United States

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This paper assesses the interconnectedness across Korean banks using three alternative methodologies. Two methodologies utilize high frequency financial data while the third uses bank balance sheet data to assess banks' bilateral exposures, systemically vulnerable banks, and systemically risky banks. The analysis concludes that while Korean banks are interconnected, both the financial risk and contagion risk from such interconnectedness have declined significantly in the aftermath of the global financial crisis.

Banks and banking --- Financial risk --- Business risk (Finance) --- Money risk (Finance) --- Risk --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Finance --- Financial institutions --- Money --- Econometric models. --- Korea (South) --- Economic conditions. --- Banks and Banking --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Financial Risk Management --- Mathematical Methods --- Econometric and Statistical Methods: Other --- Model Evaluation and Selection --- Optimization Techniques --- Programming Models --- Dynamic Analysis --- Business Fluctuations --- Cycles --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Financial Crises --- International Financial Markets --- Financial services law & regulation --- Monetary economics --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Capital adequacy requirements --- Credit default swap --- Global financial crisis of 2008-2009 --- Credit --- Asset valuation --- Asset and liability management --- Financial crises --- Asset requirements --- Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 --- Asset-liability management --- Korea, Republic of