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This book focuses on the spatial experiences of Indian indentured labourers in Mauritius and Fiji and reveals previously unexplored labour movements across the so-called Indentured Archipelago. It offers a historical geographical perspective of the lives of these labourers in Mauritius and Fiji, situating their experiences in the wider context of spatial mobility and subaltern agency. The concept of re-migration - labourers moving between these colonies, and beyond - is explored, and the scale of this facet of indentured life is revealed, in a way which has not been done to date. It brings to the fore a debate on subaltern agency, and role of geography in exploring the lives of these labourers both within and between colonies. The book also brings to light the numerous proposals for the use of Indian indentured labour across the globe, highlighting the centrality of Indian indenture to the post-abolition labour discourse.

Indentured servants --- Foreign workers, East India --- Foreign workers, East Indian --- History. --- India --- Emigration and immigration --- Servants, Indentured --- Contract labor --- Slave labor --- Alien labor, East Indian --- East Indian foreign workers --- Bharat --- Bhārata --- Government of India --- Ḣindiston Respublikasi --- Inde --- Indië --- Indien --- Indii︠a︡ --- Indland --- Indo --- Republic of India --- Sāthāranarat ʻIndīa --- Yin-tu --- インド --- هند --- Индия

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In City of Strangers, Andrew M. Gardner explores the everyday experiences of workers from India who have migrated to the Kingdom of Bahrain. Like all the petroleum-rich states of the Persian Gulf, Bahrain hosts an extraordinarily large population of transmigrant laborers. Guest workers, who make up nearly half of the country's population, have long labored under a sponsorship system, the kafala, that organizes the flow of migrants from South Asia to the Gulf states and contractually links each laborer to a specific citizen or institution.In order to remain in Bahrain, the worker is almost entirely dependent on his sponsor's goodwill. The nature of this relationship, Gardner contends, often leads to exploitation and sometimes violence. Through extensive observation and interviews Gardner focuses on three groups in Bahrain: the unskilled Indian laborers who make up the most substantial portion of the foreign workforce on the island; the country's entrepreneurial and professional Indian middle class; and Bahraini state and citizenry. He contends that the social segregation and structural violence produced by Bahrain's kafala system result from a strategic arrangement by which the state insulates citizens from the global and neoliberal flows that, paradoxically, are central to the nation's intended path to the future.City of Strangers contributes significantly to our understanding of politics and society among the states of the Arabian Peninsula and of the migrant labor phenomenon that is an increasingly important aspect of globalization.

SOCIAL SCIENCE --- Sociology / General --- Foreign workers, East Indian --- East Indians --- Ethnology --- Business & Economics --- Labor & Workers' Economics --- Violence against --- India --- Bahrain --- Emigration and immigration. --- Ethnic relations. --- Asian Indians --- Indians, East --- Indic peoples --- Alien labor, East Indian --- East Indian foreign workers --- Bakhreĭn --- Aval Island --- Baḥrayn --- Bahrein --- Dilmun --- Dawlat al Baḥrayn --- State of Bahrain --- بحرين --- Bahreyn --- Kingdom of Bahrain --- مملكة البحرين‎ --- Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn --- Bahreyin --- Бахрэйн --- Каралеўства Бахрэйн --- Karaleŭstva Bakhrėĭn --- Бахрейн --- Кралство Бахрейн --- Kralstvo Bakhreĭn --- Bahrajn --- Bahrajnské království --- Bahreini Kuningriik --- Μπαχρέιν --- Bachrein --- Βασίλειο του Μπαχρέιν --- Vasileio tou Bachrein --- Baréin --- Reino de Baréin --- Barejno --- Reĝlando de Barejno --- Bahraingo Erresuma --- Royaume de Bahreïn --- De Barein --- Ríocht Bhairéin --- Bairéin --- Tylos --- البحرين --- al-Baḥrayn --- バーレーン --- Bārēn --- בחרין --- Каралеўства Бахрэйн --- Кралство Бахрейн --- Бахрэйн --- Бахрейн --- Indians (India)