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Waste treatment practices generate left-over materials, including refused-derived fuels, which need to be managed effectively to meet the European Union's ambitious circular economy targets, especially regarding landfilling. This study identifies key considerations for the use of refuse-derived fuels and solid recovered fuels in energy-intensive industrial processes and shows that the use of these fuels could be a viable option for reducing landfilling in several EU countries.

waste management. --- environmental protection. --- sustainable development. --- waste. --- environmental impact. --- fuel. --- environmental law. --- EU Member State.

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Anti-discriminatory measure. --- Decision making. --- EU Member State. --- Equal treatment. --- Equality between men and women. --- Gleichberechtigung. --- Position of women. --- Report.

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Consumer protection --- consumer law. --- consumer protection. --- EU Member State. --- Consumer protection --- Law and legislation --- Law and legislation. --- Europe.

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This incisive Research Handbook identifies and assesses the emerging trends in competition enforcement, investigating how such changes impact the enforcement approach of competition authorities and the behaviour of companies in an ever-evolving business and regulatory environment.

Antitrust law --- Competition, Unfair --- competition law. --- anti-trust legislation. --- economic conditions. --- EU Member State. --- restriction on competition. --- EU competition policy. --- Economic aspects.

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Differentiation was at first not perceived as a threat to the European project, but rather as a tool to promote further integration. Today, more EU policies than ever are marked by concentric circles of integration and a lack of uniform application. As the EU faces increasingly existential challenges, this timely book considers whether the proliferation of mechanisms of flexibility has contributed to this newly fragile state or whether, to the contrary, differentiation has been fundamental to integration despite the heterogeneity of national interests and priorities. Written by emerging and established experts in the field, the chapters examine the present and future of differentiation in EU law. Part I covers general institutional aspects, with contributors examining the nature and characteristics of the various institutional and extra-institutional forms of differentiation. Part II takes a policy-oriented perspective, focussing on areas of EU law and policy in which differentiated integration is prevalent or particularly intriguing. This includes Economic and Monetary Union, the internal market, justice and home affairs, and foreign policy. Differentiated integration is now a defining feature of the EU polity, with the potential to impact almost every facet of EU regulation. This book will be essential reading for students and academics in EU law or anyone interested in the future of EU integration.-- $c Provided by Publisher.

Law --- Interpretation and construction. --- European law --- Interpretation and construction --- International law --- enhanced cooperation --- EU law --- European integration --- legislative power --- EU policy --- EU Member State --- European Union countries --- Economic integration. --- Economic conditions --- Regional disparities. --- Law - European Union countries - Interpretation and construction