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In spite of international agreements at the political level not much has changed since the late 1980s in terms of reducing the speed of destruction of original tropical environments. However, since the publication of the first edition ten years ago, international research efforts in physiological ecology of plants in the tropics has increased enormously in quantity and quality. In some fields advances were more substantial than in others. New approaches came up in remote sensing and at the other end of the scope in some areas molecular biology was particularly developed regarding ecological performance of tropical plants, e.g. in understanding the adaptation of resurrection plants to the extreme habitat of inselbergs. The wealth of new information made it necessary to break large chapters down into smaller ones. Tropical forests which occupy about half of the entire volume of the book were now arranged in 5 chapters covering structure and function under the influence of environmental cues and including epiphytes and mangroves as part of the tropical forest complex. Savannas were now treated in two chapters. Coastal salinas have been combined with a new section on the Brazilian restingas in a chapter on coastal sand plains.
Tropical plants --- Plant ecophysiology --- Plantes tropicales --- Plantes --- Ecophysiology. --- Ecophysiologie --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO SPRINGER-B
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Phylogeography of Southern European Refugia provides the first synthesis of the remarkable diversity, evolutionary complexity, and conservation importance of the flora and fauna in the Mediterranean region, with emphasis on the three major peninsular refugia. The book frames a number of case studies within several introductory and closing chapters that review the development and importance of phylogeographic approaches in evolutionary biology. The book opens with a chapter by the field's founding father, John Avise, reviewing the 25 evolutionary insights that have arisen from the phylogeographic revolution. Key to this perspective is the notion that the multidisciplinary field of phylogeography is serving as an epistemological bridge between the formerly distinct fields of population genetics and phylogenetics. Next, the foremost leaders of plant phylogeography in Europe, Rémy Petit and Giovanni Vendramin provide an extraordinarily comprehensive and studious review of the history of plant organelle genetics and their application in phylogeography. A closing chapter provides an up-to-date review of the caveats, challenges, and future prospects in phylogeography as a discipline. The volume contains both broad scale and regional phylogeographic studies with original data from a range of organisms including trees, mammals, insects, fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Throughout the volume it is clear that phylogeographic studies, especially in the major peninsulas of southern Europe (Iberia, Italy, the Balkans) have provided enlightening insights into the evolutionary complexity and conservation importance of biota occupying Europe's most prominent glacial refugia.
Phylogeography --- Evolution (Biology) --- Phylogéographie --- Evolution (Biologie) --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO SPRINGER-B
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Van Laar and Akça's popular text book, Forest Mensuration, was first published in 1997. Like that first edition, this modern update is based on extensive research, teaching and practical experience in both Europe, and the tropics and subtropics. However, it has also been extensively revised, and now includes chapters on remote sensing and the application of aerial photographs and satellite imagery. As with its predecessor, this book assumes no advanced knowledge of statistical methods, and combines practical techniques with important historical and disciplinary context. The result is a strong balance between a handbook on traditional mensuration methods, and a valuable reference on the many recent research and inventory-related innovations which have emerged in recent years. Written in a highly accessible style, the book is aimed primarily at undergraduate students and forest practitioners - and now includes a wide range of worked examples which will provide guidance for readers wishing to process their own data. However, with its wide scope, and including many new instruments for forest measurement, the book will also act as an extremely useful reference material for postgraduate students and forest scientists.
Forestry --- bossen --- Forests and forestry --- Dendrométrie --- Measurement. --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO SPRINGER-B
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The goal of Kangas, Kangas and Kurttila's Decision Support for Forest Management is to provide students and researchers with a toolbox of methods for approaching the different planning situations that may arise in practice. It draws together a wide range of methods used in planning forest management regimes and presents a systematic overview of current methodological approaches. While earlier books concerning forest planning have tended to focus on linear programming, economic aspects, or specific multi-criteria decision aid tools, this book provides a much broader range of tools to meet a variety of planning situations. The methods themselves cover a range of decision situations - from cases involving single decision makers, through group decision making, to participatory planning. They include traditional decision support tools, from optimization to utility functions, as well as methods that are just gaining ground in forest planning - such as problem structuring methods and social choice theory. Including examples which illustrate the application of each technique to specific management planning problems, the book offers an invaluable resource for both researchers and advanced students specializing in management and planning issues relating to forestry.
Forest plantations --- design --- Decision making --- Mathematical models --- Forest management. --- Forêts --- Gestion --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO SPRINGER-B
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The term "RNA editing" describes a diverse set of biochemical processes whereby genetic information is modulated on a post-transcriptional level i.e. on the level of ribonucleic acids (RNA). RNA editing has been demonstrated in viruses, protozoan organisms, in plants and in mammals and in many cases it has been identified as a key step in the regulation of gene expression. This book dedicates a chapter to each of the main types of RNA editing. All sections are written by experts in the various research areas and a specific focus is put on the correlation between RNA structure and function, as well as on the complex cellular machineries that catalyze the different editing reactions. This leads to a "state of the art" compendium of our current knowledge on RNA editing.
RNA editing. --- Editing, RNA --- Messenger RNA editing --- mRNA editing --- Genetic regulation --- RNA Editing. --- ARN --- Edition --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO SPRINGER-B
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Understanding of the molecular basis of DNA damage and its repair has increased dramatically in recent years, and substantial knowledge now exists concerning the products arising from free-radical attack on DNA. Free-radical DNA damage may lead to mutations, cancer, and cell death. Free radicals have various sources, notably ionizing radiation and oxidative stress. In radiotherapy for cancer and with some anticancer drugs, use is made of cell death by excessive DNA damage. The mechanisms leading to products of free-radical attack which have been studied in models and with small double-stranded DNA fragments are discussed in detail, and the basics of the underlying free-radical chemistry are dealt with in separate chapters.
DNA damage --- DNA repair --- Free radicals (Chemistry) --- ADN --- ADN --- Radicaux libres (Chimie) --- Lésions --- Réparation --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO SPRINGER-B
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Research on the evolution of social behaviour has been dominated by genetic relatedness for a long time; however, both recent empirical studies and theoretical concepts give growing evidence for ecological factors acting as very prominent additional or alternative driving forces in social evolution. Now the time is ripe to investigate similarities and differences in the course of social evolution in different animals. This book brings together renowned researchers working on sociality in different animals. For the first time, they compile the evidence for the importance of ecological factors in the evolution of social life, ranging from invertebrate to vertebrate social systems, and evaluate its importance versus that of relatedness. Answers are given to important questions such as: - Which factors favour group living in social invertebrates and vertebrates? - Are there general differences in the evolutionary forces promoting social life in social insects versus cooperatively breeding vertebrates? - Why are there only so few eusocial vertebrates? - Can relatedness within social groups be a by-product arising from the fact that neighbours are generally kin?
Social evolution --- Social ecology --- Evolution sociale --- Ecologie sociale --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO SPRINGER-B --- Social evolution. --- Social ecology. --- Animals --- Insect societies. --- Social aspects.
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Proteomics is a multifaceted, interdisciplinary field which studies the complexity and dynamics of proteins in biological systems. It combines powerful separation and analytical technology with advanced informatics to understand the function of proteins in the cell and in the body. This book provides a clear conceptual description of each facet of proteomics, describes recent advances in technology and thinking in each area, and provides details of how these have been applied to a variety of biological problems. It is written by expert practitioners in the field, from industry, research institutions, and the clinic. It provides junior and experienced researchers with an invaluable proteomic reference, and gives fascinating glimpses of the future of this dynamic field.
Proteomics --- Proteins --- Post-translational modification. --- Protéomique --- Protéines --- Protéines --- Databases. --- Bases de données --- Modification post-traductionnelle --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO SPRINGER-B
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Savanna ecology --- Ecologie des savanes --- Lamto (Côte d'Ivoire) --- Lamto (Côte d'Ivoire) --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO SPRINGER-B
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