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Welfare and employment in a united Europe
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ISBN: 0262268388 1423725166 9780262268387 9781423725169 9780262024839 0262024837 0262024837 Year: 2001 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press

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Abstract

Welfare and Employment in a United Europe takes a nuanced approach to the issues. Unusual for an edited volume, it consists of two long studies--each written by a group of economists working in four different countries of the European Union--followed by commentary.Over the last twenty years, fifteen Western European nations have removed most barriers to trade and migration, as well as most forms of national discrimination in economic and social exchange. Some have also given up their national currency and their ability to conduct independent monetary and fiscal policy. Opinion on the future of structural reform in the European Union tends to fall into two camps. One side argues that the single market and monetary union will make it more difficult to carry out badly needed structural reforms. The other side contends that, as monetary policy is decided elsewhere, countries will have more resources to concentrate on structural concerns.Welfare and Employment in a United Europe takes a nuanced approach to the issues. Unusual for an edited volume, it consists of two long studies--each written by a group of economists working in four different countries of the European Union--followed by commentary. The first study suggests that social reform can be achieved without strengthening European Union institutions and should entail limited international redistribution. The second suggests that, although liberalization of product and labor markets offers substantial benefits, there is no guarantee that the European Monetary Union will result in fewer product market restrictions or less employment protection.ContributorsCharles Bean, Giuseppe Bertola, Olivier Blanchard, Tito Boeri, Gsta Esping-Andersen, Robert Haffner, Juan Jimeno, Ramon Marimon, Steve Nickell, Giuseppe Nicoletti, Christopher Pissarides, Andre Sapir, Stefano Scarpetta, Gylfi Zoega


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Production in the innovation economy
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ISBN: 0262528258 0262319128 Year: 2014 Publisher: Cambridge, Massachusetts : MIT Press,

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This title emerges from several years of interdisciplinary research at MIT on the links between manufacturing and innovation in the United States and the world economy. Authors from political science, economics, business, employment and operations research, aeronautics and astronautics, mechanical engineering, and nuclear engineering come together to explore the extent to which manufacturing is key to an innovative and vibrant economy.


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Economy in Society
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ISBN: 1283707497 0262305372 0262018241 9780262305372 9780262018241 9781283707497 0262304457 9780262304450 Year: 2013 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press

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Prominent economists discuss internal labor markets, the dynamics of immigration, labor market regulation, and other key topics in the work of Michael J. Piore. In Economy in Society, five prominent social scientists honor Michael J. Piore in original essays that explore key topics in Piore's work and make significant independent contributions in their own right. Piore is distinctive for his original research that explores the interaction of social, political, and economic considerations in the labor market and in the economic development of nations and regions. The essays in this volume reflect this rigorous interdisciplinary approach to important social and economic questions. M. Diane Burton's essay extends our understanding of internal labor markets by considering the influence of surrounding firms; Natasha Iskander builds on Piore's theory of immigration with a study of Mexican construction workers in two cities; Suzanne Berger highlights insights from Piore's work on technology and industrial development; Andrew Schrank takes up the theme of regulatory discretion; and Charles Sabel discusses theories of public bureaucracy.


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Worker leadership : America's secret weapon in the battle for industrial competitiveness
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ISBN: 0262317281 0262317273 Year: 2013 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. : The MIT Press,

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How can American manufacturing recapture its former dominance in the globalized industrial economy? In Worker Leadership, Fred Stahl proposes a strategy to boost enterprise productivity and restore America's industrial power. Stahl outlines a revolutionary transformation of industrial culture that offers workers real control of production operations and manufacturing processes (as well as a monetary share of the savings from productivity gains). Stahl develops this new Theory of Worker Productivity into a strategy of Worker Leadership, with concrete, real-world examples. Combining some of the methods of lean manufacturing made famous by Toyota with genuine worker empowerment unlike anything at Toyota, Worker Leadership creates highly productive jobs loaded with responsibility and authority. Workers, Stahl writes, love these jobs precisely because of the opportunities to be creative and productive. Worker Leadership also offers important benefits for organized labor. It promotes the vitality and growth of labor unions through a shared responsibility with management for growth and profitability.

Stahl's approach was inspired by changes implemented at John Deere factories by a general manager named Dick Kleine. Stahl uses the story of Kleine's transformation of the Deere factories to construct a checklist of essential conditions for Worker Leadership . He also discusses competition with China and South Korea and tells the story of production that GE recently "reshored" from China to the United States. Stahl considers the potential for applying Worker Leadership beyond manufacturing, provides a brief history of manufacturing, and even reveals the dark side of Toyota's system that opens another competitive opportunity for America. Worker Leadership offers a blueprint for global competitive advantage that should be read by anyone concerned about America's current productivity paralysis.


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Immigration and labor market mobility in Israel, 1990-2009
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ISBN: 0262305216 Year: 2012 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press,

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A study of the labor market integration of highly skilled Soviet immigrants to Israel that formulates dynamic models of job search and human capital investment.

Structural unemployment in Western Europe
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ISBN: 0262232464 9786612097782 0262285991 1282097784 1423772563 9780262232463 0262308452 9780262285995 0262023246 9781282097780 6612097787 9781423772569 9780262308458 Year: 2006 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press

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Examines the different patterns and long-term trends behind persistent unemployment across Western Europe in light of the developments in labour market theory. This work explains the emergence and persistence of unemployment.


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Three lectures on post-industrial society
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ISBN: 0262033836 0262266652 1435665619 0262266660 9780262266659 9781435665613 9780262033831 Year: 2009 Publisher: Cambridge, MA : MIT Press,

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A noted economist analyzes the upheavals caused by revolutions in technology, labor, culture, financial markets, and globalization.In this pithy and provocative book, noted economist Daniel Cohen offers his analysis of the global shift to a post-industrial era. If it was once natural to speak of industrial society, Cohen writes, it is more difficult to speak meaningfully of post-industrial "society." The solidarity that once lay at the heart of industrial society no longer exists. The different levels of large industrial enterprises have been systematically disassembled: tasks considered nonessential are assigned to subcontractors; engineers are grouped together in research sites, apart from the workers. Employees are left exposed while shareholders act to protect themselves. Never has the awareness that we all live in the same world been so strong--and never have the social conditions of existence been so unequal. In these wide-ranging reflections, Cohen describes the transformations that signaled the break between the industrial and the post-industrial eras. He links the revolution in information technology to the trend toward flatter hierarchies of workers with multiple skills--and connects the latter to work practices growing out of the culture of the May 1968 protests. Subcontracting and outsourcing have also changed the nature of work, and Cohen succinctly analyzes the new international division of labor, the economic rise of China, India, and the former Soviet Union, and the economic effects of free trade on poor countries. Finally, Cohen examines the fate of the European social model--with its traditional compromise between social justice and economic productivity--in a post-industrial world.


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Measuring the tax burden on capital and labor
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ISBN: 026228409X 1417561823 9780262284097 9781417561827 Year: 2004 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press

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A guide to current approaches to measuring the effective tax rate, with case studies that illustrate the different methods discussed.Today's highly complicated tax codes have led economists and policy makers depend on simplified summary measures in order to understand how taxes affect the economy. Studies of the effective tax rate--that is, a measurement of the net amount of tax levied on certain economic activities--provide this sort of descriptive summary. Using estimates of effective tax rates, economists can look for evidence of economic behavior under different tax laws and policy makers can evaluate whether the net outcome is in accord with their intentions. Globalization, with its accompanying international mobility of capital and labor, has created a new use for estimates of the effective tax rate as policy makers seek to compare tax burdens in one country with those in another.This book provides an overview of the most important methods currently used to measure effective tax rates, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches and illustrating their use with specific case studies. The contributors, all noted international economists and seasoned policy makers, consider such topics as a new method to measure the effective tax rate on investment, the tax burden on cross-border investment, effective tax rates on human capital, the "Taxing Wages" approach, and measurement at the macro and micro levels.


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Putting skill to work
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ISBN: 0262363151 0262361981 9780262363150 9780262361989 9780262045162 0262045168 Year: 2021 Publisher: Cambridge, Massachusetts : The MIT Press

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"A policy proposal for increased collaboration between employers and workforce intermediaries to come together to create greater opportunities for worker skill development"--


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Revisiting Keynes : economic possibilities for our grandchildren.
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ISBN: 0262515113 0262162490 0262281333 1435665376 0262311755 9780262281331 9781435665378 9780262162494 9780262515115 Year: 2008 Publisher: Cambridge MIT

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Abstract

Leading economists revisit a provocative essay by John Maynard Keynes, debating Keynes's vision of growth, inequality, work leisure, entrepreneurship, consumerism, and the search for happiness in the twenty-first century.

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