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Dissertation
Assessment of ecological factors influencing the winter habitat suitability of Erithacus Rubecula across Europe through ecological niche modeling
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2021 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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Erithacus rubecula (European robin) is a common songbird from Europe and found in North Africa and Western Asia. Easily recognizable with its typical orange throat and melodious song, its winter ecological niche is not fully understood yet. Moreover, the European robin is what we call a "facultative non-breeding partial migrant", meaning that in one population, some individuals will show a migratory behavior whereas others will not. In addition, that status can vary from one year to another for a certain proportion of the population. Across this master thesis, the goal was to determine which abiotic and, less importantly, biotic factors are driving the winter habitat suitability of the European robin and what impact those factors could potentially have on its migratory behavior. I worked with the ecological niche modeling tool in R studio and Maxent/ GLM as algorithms to achieve this goal. The occurrences data were downloaded from the eBird Observation Dataset loaded on GBIF; the abiotic variables were downloaded from the WorldClim website and the biotic variables from the land-cover MOD44B. Once the variables and the algorithm settings were selected, models were fitted, assessed, statistically evaluated, and the habitat suitability maps were plotted. The results showed that even though the abiotic factors were the primary concern of this study, they explain 57% of the winter habitat suitability of the robin, which is less than was expected. Land-cover was thus also greatly contributing to characterize the ecological niche of the robin.&#13;Moreover, the temperature seasonality, the mean temperature of the coldest quarter, and the absence of land-cover had the most significant impact on the habitat suitability. Studies led in Belgium, Spain, and Portugal found that females and juveniles had greater chances to express a migratory behavior. Nevertheless, we can suggest that a high seasonality over the year, temperatures below 0.5°C and above 16.53°C, and a lack of vegetation superior to 40% could highly contribute to greater chances of witnessing migratory behavior of an individual. However, whether those variables im- pact the robin directly or indirectly requires further investigations which were not realized in the context of this master thesis.


Book
The fungal community. Its organization and role in the ecosystem
Authors: ---
ISBN: 0824769562 Year: 1981 Publisher: New York, NY : Marcel Dekker,

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Dissertation
Prédiction des zones favorables à l'installation de l'espèce exotique envahissante Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. en région wallonne
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2020 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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The common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is an invasive alien species native to North America that has conquered Europe since the turn of the 20th century. Despite various observations in Belgium, the species has few presence data and is not very well-known in the Walloon region. The species causes extensive health and economic damage, as it is highly allergenic cultivated weed. Spatial modelling of areas favourable to the installation would allow better sensitization, as well as targeting of samples and management of the species.&#13;This study brings together different modeling methods used in the literature in order to better understand the issues encountered by modeling invasive species. Using the presence points and the Worldclim bioclimatic rasters of the native area, a first modeling was carried out by extrapolation over the Walloon territory. A temporal extrapolation was also performed on the model, to point the impact of climate change on the potential distribution of common ragweed. A second modeling was carried out using environmental data from ‘Lifewatch Ecotope’ and the Walloon presence data, despite their poor robustness. The model was validated with the AUC index, and the results of the two models showed favorable areas over a large part of the Walloon territory in the provinces of Hainaut, Namur, Brabant Wallon and Liège.&#13;The variables constraining the extrapolated model the most are summer temperatures and precipitation as well as the variation in precipitation. The variables constraining the independent model the most are the minimum winter temperatures, the distance to the railways and the presence of soils with average drainage. The temporal extrapolation has shown that almost all of the Walloon territory will be favorable to the colonization of the common ragweed, with the exception of the east of the province of Luxembourg and the east of the province of Liège. The independent model performed less well than the extrapolated model, mainly because of the weakness of the data set used.&#13;It is important to remain attentive to the proliferation of common ragweed in the Walloon region. While it is not yet very harmful in the region, the potential damage it can cause is enough to raise as much awareness as possible among those involved in the introduction of the species and its management. It is essential to increase the number of observation points in the Walloon region in order to better understand the distribution of the species and to better fight against it in the future.


Book
Ecologie forestière : la forêt : son climat, son sol, ses arbres, sa faune
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ISBN: 2040002855 Year: 1974 Publisher: Paris : Gauthier-Villars,

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Book
Current perspectives in microbial ecology : proceedings of the third international symposium on microbial ecology, Michigan state university, 7-12 August 1983
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ISBN: 0914826603 Year: 1984 Publisher: Washington : ASM [American Society for Microbiology],

Biotopverbund : Grundlagen und Massnahmen einer neuen Naturschutzstrategie
Author:
ISBN: 3800133113 Year: 1990 Publisher: Stuttgart : Ulmer,


Multi

Book
Artic and alpine mycology II : proceedings of the second international symposium on artic and alpine mycology, held August 26 - September 2, 1984, in Fetan, Switzerland
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 0306425580 1475719418 1475719396 Year: 1987 Publisher: New York, NY : Plenum Press,


Book
Ecological niches and geographic distributions.
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 9780691136868 0691136866 9780691136882 0691136882 9786613303301 1283303302 1400840678 9781400840670 9781283303309 6613303305 Year: 2011 Publisher: Princeton Princeton University Press

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This book provides a first synthetic view of an emerging area of ecology and biogeography, linking individual- and population-level processes to geographic distributions and biodiversity patterns. Problems in evolutionary ecology, macroecology, and biogeography are illuminated by this integrative view. The book focuses on correlative approaches known as ecological niche modeling, species distribution modeling, or habitat suitability modeling, which use associations between known occurrences of species and environmental variables to identify environmental conditions under which populations can be maintained. The spatial distribution of environments suitable for the species can then be estimated: a potential distribution for the species. This approach has broad applicability to ecology, evolution, biogeography, and conservation biology, as well as to understanding the geographic potential of invasive species and infectious diseases, and the biological implications of climate change. The authors lay out conceptual foundations and general principles for understanding and interpreting species distributions with respect to geography and environment. Focus is on development of niche models. While serving as a guide for students and researchers, the book also provides a theoretical framework to support future progress in the field.

Keywords

Niche (Ecology). --- Niche (Ecology) --- Biogeography. --- Biogeography --- Mathematical models. --- Niche écologique --- Biogéographie --- Modèles mathématiques --- Microhabitat --- Biotic communities --- Competition (Biology) --- Ecology --- Habitat (Ecology) --- Areography (Biology) --- Geographical distribution of animals and plants --- Species --- Species distribution --- Biology --- Geography --- Geographical distribution --- Mathematical models --- BAM diagram. --- Eltonian Noise Hypothesis. --- Eltonian niche. --- Grinnellian niche. --- absence data. --- algorithm. --- ancillary data. --- biodiversity. --- biogeography. --- biotic interactions. --- biotically reduced niche. --- climate change. --- commission error. --- conservation biology. --- conservation planning. --- conservation reserve network planning. --- data preparation. --- data quality. --- disease distribution. --- disease ecology. --- disease transmission risk. --- disease transmission. --- distributional area. --- distributional ecology. --- diversification. --- ecological niche evolution. --- ecological niche modeling. --- ecological niche. --- ecology. --- environmental data. --- environmental space. --- epidemiology. --- evolutionary ecology. --- extinction risk. --- extrapolation. --- feedback loop. --- geographic distribution. --- geographic space. --- geography. --- habitat suitability modeling. --- hypervolume. --- infection. --- invasive species. --- macroecology. --- model calibration. --- model evaluation. --- model performance. --- model prediction. --- model projection. --- model significance. --- model. --- niche concept. --- niche conservatism. --- niche evolution. --- niche models. --- niche. --- nonequilibrium distribution. --- nonnative species. --- occupied distributional area. --- overfitting. --- pathogens. --- population biology. --- populations. --- potential distributional area. --- predictability. --- primary occurrence data. --- resolution. --- risk mapping. --- sampling bias. --- scenopoetic variables. --- sensitivity. --- sisterгpecies pairs. --- spatial extent. --- species distribution modeling. --- species distribution. --- species invasions. --- species limit. --- species occurrence. --- species reintroduction. --- statistical theory. --- transferability. --- unknown species.

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