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Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for a number of chronic diseases, including a variety of cancers, lung disease and damage to the cardiovascular system. The World Health Organization recently calculated that there were 6 million smoking-attributable deaths per year and that this number is due to rise to about eight million per year by the end of 2030. Recent work has demonstrated that habitual smoking in adults is not only associated with a range of health problems, but may also contribute to a number of neurocognitive deficits, including deficits in memory and attention. One area of growing concern is the health and neurocognitive consequences of exposure to second-hand smoke or “passive smoking” (where a non-smoker inhales another person’s smoke, mainly in the form of side-stream smoke). In terms of tackling smoking-related problems, there has been a rise in the amount and range of smoking cessation and interventions techniques, including the emergence of e-cigarettes as one of the most popular forms of nicotine replacement therapies. The present book comprises a collection of manuscripts discussing (1) the impact of active and passive smoking upon health and neurocognitive function, (2) smoking cessation techniques and interventions used to tackle smoking-related problems, and (3) a critical consideration of current issues surrounding the use of e-cigarettes as nicotine-replacement therapy. This collection of papers includes empirical, theoretical, and review papers. This Research Topic demonstrates the broad nature of research currently being undertaken in this field and should pave the way for future work.
Active smoking --- neurocognitive --- Health --- E-cigarettes --- passive smoking --- Smoking Cessation
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This book addresses the many issues surrounding electronic cigarettes in an unprecedented level of scientific detail. It discusses how analytical methods can address these issues and support the manufacturing, labeling, distribution, testing, regulation, and monitoring for consistency of products with known chemical content and demonstrated performance characteristics.
Electronic cigarettes. --- E-cigarettes --- Electronic nicotine delivery systems --- Cigarettes --- Smoking --- Electronic cigarettes --- Health aspects.
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Tobacco --- Nicotine --- Alkaloids --- Pyridine --- Tobacco products --- Toxicology. --- Electronic cigarettes --- Vaping --- Health aspects. --- E-smoking --- Electronic cigarette smoking --- Smoking --- E-cigarettes --- Electronic nicotine delivery systems --- Cigarettes
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This open access book bridges the divide between political science and public health, whilst simultaneously embracing the complexities and differences of both. Although public health is inherently political, the tools and insights of political science are often ignored in public health scholarship. Bringing together academics and researchers working at the intersection of both, the book demonstrates how integrating these fields can help reconcile the roles of politics and scientific evidence in policymaking. It also highlights the key conceptual, methodological and substantive implications for bridging this divide, and charts a path forward for a movement towards political science with public health. It will be of interest to academics, researchers and students interested in public health, political science, public policy, and the role of scientific evidence in policymaking.
Public administration --- Health systems & services --- public health --- evidence informed public policy --- public policy --- global public health --- political science --- evidence production --- policy appetites --- e-cigarettes --- pandemic responses --- evidence circulation --- 'Health in All' policies --- public health inequalities
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Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes), also known as vape devices or by trade names such as JUUL, are handheld devices that aerosolize liquid commonly containing nicotine, humectants and flavorings. Used by 1 in 5 high school students in 2020, they are the most common tobacco product used by youth. E-cigarette use has been associated with a variety of health issues such as nicotine addiction, e-cigarette or vaping associated lung illness (EVALI), seizures, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This first-of-its-kind book begins with an introduction and background on the historical context of tobacco products. The next chapters provide an overview of the e-cigarette landscape and reviews the e-cigarette devices and solutions and the evolution of these products. This is followed by reviews of the health effects of e-cigarettes on users and non-users and includes recommendations for prevention and treatment of youth e-cigarette use. The last few chapters address the public health impact of e-cigarettes with a review of the evidence of e-cigarettes in smoking cessation. The book closes with policy and advocacy approaches and a resource page. E-cigarette and vape device use pose a public health crisis. This book contains succinct practical information and is a key reference for pediatricians as well as clinicians of all specialities. It also serves as a resource for health professionals, including tobacco dependence treatment providers and public health experts.
Pediatrics. --- Respiratory organs—Diseases. --- Pneumology/Respiratory System. --- Paediatrics --- Pediatric medicine --- Medicine --- Children --- Diseases --- Health and hygiene --- Electronic cigarettes. --- Teenagers --- Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems. --- Vaping. --- Adolescent. --- Child. --- Tobacco use. --- E-Cigarettes --- E-Cigs --- E-Cig --- E-Cigarette --- Electronic Cigarette --- Electronic Cigarettes --- Electronic Nicotine Delivery System --- Cigarette, Electronic --- Cigarettes, Electronic --- E Cig --- E Cigarette --- E Cigarettes --- E Cigs --- Adolescents --- Teen-agers --- Teens --- Young adults (Teenagers) --- Youth --- E-cigarettes --- Electronic nicotine delivery systems --- Cigarettes --- E-Cig Use --- E-Cigarette Use --- Electronic Cigarette Use --- Vape --- ECig Use --- Ecigarette Use --- Nicotine Vaping --- THC Vaping --- Cigarette Use, Electronic --- E Cig Use --- E Cigarette Use --- E-Cig Uses --- E-Cigarette Uses --- ECig Uses --- Ecigarette Uses --- Electronic Cigarette Uses --- Nicotine Vapings --- THC Vapings --- Use, E-Cig --- Use, E-Cigarette --- Use, ECig --- Use, Ecigarette --- Use, Electronic Cigarette --- Uses, Ecigarette --- Vapes --- Vaping, Nicotine --- Vaping, THC --- Vapings, Nicotine --- Vapings, THC --- E-Cigarette Vapor --- Minors --- Adolescents, Female --- Adolescents, Male --- Adolescence --- Adolescent, Female --- Adolescent, Male --- Female Adolescent --- Female Adolescents --- Male Adolescent --- Male Adolescents --- Teen --- Teenager --- Youths --- Electronic cigarettes --- Health aspects. --- Cigarretes electròniques --- Pipes per a tabac --- Fumadors --- Hàbit de fumar --- Addicció al tabac --- Consum de tabac --- Tabaquisme --- Abús de substàncies --- Conducta compulsiva --- Hàbit --- Cigarretes --- Hàbit de fumar en l'embaràs --- Tabac --- Persones --- Joves --- Adolescents maltractats --- Noies adolescents --- Nois adolescents --- Migrants adolescents --- Infants --- Psicoteràpia dels adolescents --- Psiquiatria de l'adolescència --- Cigarreta electrònica --- E-cigarretes
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Tobacco Products --- Tobacco Industry --- Public Health --- Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems --- Tobacco Use Disorder --- Produits du tabac --- Industrie du tabac --- Santé publique --- Tabagisme --- Dispositifs électroniques d'administration de nicotine --- ENDS --- Electronic nicotine delivery system --- Systèmes électroniques d'administration de nicotine --- Electronic Cigarettes --- Cigarette, Electronic --- Cigarettes, Electronic --- Electronic Cigarette --- E-Cigarettes --- E Cigarettes --- E-Cigarette --- E-Cigs --- E Cigs --- E-Cig --- Cigarettes électroniques --- Industry, Tobacco --- Industries, Tobacco --- Tobacco Industries --- Tobacco-Use Disorder --- Nicotine Addiction --- Nicotine Dependence --- Nicotine Use Disorder --- Tobacco Dependence --- Addiction, Nicotine --- Dependence, Nicotine --- Dependence, Tobacco --- Disorder, Nicotine Use --- Disorder, Tobacco Use --- Disorder, Tobacco-Use --- Nicotine Addictions --- Nicotine Use Disorders --- Tobacco Use Disorders --- Smoking --- Tobacco --- Electronic Nicotine Delivery System --- E Cig --- E Cigarette --- Community Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Community --- Health, Public --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Bidis --- Bidis Tobacco --- Cigarillos --- Kreteks --- Kreteks Tobacco --- Pipe Tobacco --- Tobacco, Bidi --- Cigarettes --- Cigars --- Bidi --- Bidi Tobacco --- Bidi Tobaccos --- Bidis Tobaccos --- Cigar --- Cigarette --- Cigarillo --- Kretek --- Kreteks Tobaccos --- Pipe Tobaccos --- Product, Tobacco --- Products, Tobacco --- Tobacco Product --- Tobacco, Bidis --- Tobacco, Kreteks --- Tobacco, Pipe --- Tobaccos, Bidi --- Tobaccos, Bidis --- Tobaccos, Kreteks --- Tobaccos, Pipe --- Tabac --- Industrie et commerce
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The book “Integrated human exposure to air pollution” aimed to increase knowledge about human exposure in different micro-environments, or when citizens are performing specific tasks, to demonstrate methodologies for the understanding of pollution sources and their impact on indoor and ambient air quality, and, ultimately, to identify the most effective mitigation measures to decrease human exposure and protect public health. Taking advantage of the latest available tools, such as internet of things (IoT), low-cost sensors and a wide access to online platforms and apps by the citizens, new methodologies and approaches can be implemented to understand which factors can influence human exposure to air pollution. This knowledge, when made available to the citizens, along with the awareness of the impact of air pollution on human life and earth systems, can empower them to act, individually or collectively, to promote behavioral changes aiming to reduce pollutants’ emissions. Overall, this book gathers fourteen innovative studies that provide new insights regarding these important topics within the scope of human exposure to air pollution. A total of five main areas were discussed and explored within this book and, hopefully, can contribute to the advance of knowledge in this field.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Personal Air Pollution Exposure (PAPE) --- air pollution monitoring --- IoT --- Air Quality Decision Support System --- health impact --- air pollution --- public concern --- air quality index --- Baidu index --- Shanghai --- air quality --- crowd-sensing --- crowd-sourced sensing --- environmental analysis --- pollution --- particulate matter --- dust sensor --- human exposure --- Arduino --- wireless networks --- oxides --- traffic --- state space --- milan --- area b --- cross validation --- policy intervention analysis --- counter-factual --- unobservable components --- PM2.5 --- population exposure --- tier-models --- health burden misclassification --- BenMap-CE --- tuberculosis --- infectious disease --- time-series --- Poisson regression --- kriging --- road dust --- PM10 emission factors --- enrichment index --- human health risk --- atmospheric aerosols --- bioaerosols --- culturable bacteria --- long-term trends --- hazard for human --- indoor air quality --- e-cigarettes --- heat-not-burn tobacco --- traditional smoking products --- tobacco smoke --- passenger cars --- lung inflammation --- allergy --- indoor pollutants --- biomarkers --- FeNO --- eosinophil --- neutrophil --- fine particulate matter --- economic growth --- urbanization --- industrialization --- Granger causality test --- air pollutants --- monitoring --- seasonality --- chemical characterization --- source apportionment --- particulate matters (PM) --- air purifier --- experiment --- real-time monitoring unit --- transfer unit --- occupant --- breathing zone --- cooking fuel --- household air pollution --- preterm births --- perinatal mortality --- low birth weight --- stillbirth --- Nigeria --- Personal Air Pollution Exposure (PAPE) --- air pollution monitoring --- IoT --- Air Quality Decision Support System --- health impact --- air pollution --- public concern --- air quality index --- Baidu index --- Shanghai --- air quality --- crowd-sensing --- crowd-sourced sensing --- environmental analysis --- pollution --- particulate matter --- dust sensor --- human exposure --- Arduino --- wireless networks --- oxides --- traffic --- state space --- milan --- area b --- cross validation --- policy intervention analysis --- counter-factual --- unobservable components --- PM2.5 --- population exposure --- tier-models --- health burden misclassification --- BenMap-CE --- tuberculosis --- infectious disease --- time-series --- Poisson regression --- kriging --- road dust --- PM10 emission factors --- enrichment index --- human health risk --- atmospheric aerosols --- bioaerosols --- culturable bacteria --- long-term trends --- hazard for human --- indoor air quality --- e-cigarettes --- heat-not-burn tobacco --- traditional smoking products --- tobacco smoke --- passenger cars --- lung inflammation --- allergy --- indoor pollutants --- biomarkers --- FeNO --- eosinophil --- neutrophil --- fine particulate matter --- economic growth --- urbanization --- industrialization --- Granger causality test --- air pollutants --- monitoring --- seasonality --- chemical characterization --- source apportionment --- particulate matters (PM) --- air purifier --- experiment --- real-time monitoring unit --- transfer unit --- occupant --- breathing zone --- cooking fuel --- household air pollution --- preterm births --- perinatal mortality --- low birth weight --- stillbirth --- Nigeria
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The sensation of flavor reflects the complex integration of aroma, taste, texture, and chemesthetic (oral and nasal irritation cues) from a food or food component. Flavor is a major determinant of food palatability—the extent to which a food is accepted or rejected—and can profoundly influence diet selection, nutrition, and health. Despite recent progress, gaps in knowledge still remain regarding how taste and flavor cues are detected at the periphery, conveyed by the brainstem to higher cortical levels, and then interpreted as a conscious sensation. Taste signals are also projected to central feeding centers where they can regulate hunger and fullness. Individual differences in sensory perceptions are also well known and can arise from genetic variation, environmental causes, or a variety of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Genetic taste/smell variation could predispose individuals to these same diseases. Recent findings have opened new avenues of inquiry, suggesting that fatty acids and carbohydrates may provide nutrient-specific signals informing the gut and brain of the nature of the ingested nutrients. This Special Issue, Taste, Nutrition, and Health, presents original research communications and comprehensive reviews on topics of broad interest to researchers and educators in sensory science, nutrition, physiology, public health, and health care.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- acceptability --- food development --- sensory attributes --- CATA --- dietotherapy --- aromas --- linoleic acid --- gustation --- hedonic --- BDNF --- fat taste --- c-Fos --- Zif-268 --- Glut-1 --- sweeteners --- sugar reduction --- psychophysical dose-response --- sweetness growth rate --- sweetness potency --- cross-cultural --- food liking --- sensory --- questionnaire --- fMRI --- caffeine --- taste --- memory --- sensory evaluation --- tea --- EGCG --- hedonics --- sweet taste --- psychophysics --- nutrition --- diet --- threshold --- intensity --- liking --- sweetness --- taste test --- individual differences --- classification method --- taste perception --- umami --- carbohydrate --- sweet --- salt --- bitter --- physical activity --- basic tastes --- taste reception --- smell --- dysgeusia --- burning sensation --- halitosis --- saliva --- caries --- primary Sjögren's syndrome --- non-SS sicca syndrome --- sweet liking --- fat liking --- e-cigarettes --- body mass index --- dietary behaviors --- tobacco --- cigarettes --- chronic smoking --- electrophysiological recording from human tongue --- fat perception --- CD36 --- PROP tasting --- grapefruit --- consumer --- naringin --- aroma --- color --- satiety --- tastants --- food intake --- intraduodenal infusion --- intraileal infusion --- overweight --- weight management --- Obesity --- eating behavior --- prebiotics --- microbiota --- sex differences --- biopsychosocial --- children --- brain imaging --- smell sensitivity --- olfaction --- staircase --- QUEST --- choice --- familiarity --- PROP --- food neophobia --- sensitivity to disgust --- sensitivity to punishment --- vegetables --- caffeinated beverages --- bitterness --- astringency --- taste preference questionnaire --- validation --- European children --- adolescents --- adults --- genetics --- food preferences --- heritability --- candidate gene --- GWAS --- adiposity --- polygenic risk score --- acceptability --- food development --- sensory attributes --- CATA --- dietotherapy --- aromas --- linoleic acid --- gustation --- hedonic --- BDNF --- fat taste --- c-Fos --- Zif-268 --- Glut-1 --- sweeteners --- sugar reduction --- psychophysical dose-response --- sweetness growth rate --- sweetness potency --- cross-cultural --- food liking --- sensory --- questionnaire --- fMRI --- caffeine --- taste --- memory --- sensory evaluation --- tea --- EGCG --- hedonics --- sweet taste --- psychophysics --- nutrition --- diet --- threshold --- intensity --- liking --- sweetness --- taste test --- individual differences --- classification method --- taste perception --- umami --- carbohydrate --- sweet --- salt --- bitter --- physical activity --- basic tastes --- taste reception --- smell --- dysgeusia --- burning sensation --- halitosis --- saliva --- caries --- primary Sjögren's syndrome --- non-SS sicca syndrome --- sweet liking --- fat liking --- e-cigarettes --- body mass index --- dietary behaviors --- tobacco --- cigarettes --- chronic smoking --- electrophysiological recording from human tongue --- fat perception --- CD36 --- PROP tasting --- grapefruit --- consumer --- naringin --- aroma --- color --- satiety --- tastants --- food intake --- intraduodenal infusion --- intraileal infusion --- overweight --- weight management --- Obesity --- eating behavior --- prebiotics --- microbiota --- sex differences --- biopsychosocial --- children --- brain imaging --- smell sensitivity --- olfaction --- staircase --- QUEST --- choice --- familiarity --- PROP --- food neophobia --- sensitivity to disgust --- sensitivity to punishment --- vegetables --- caffeinated beverages --- bitterness --- astringency --- taste preference questionnaire --- validation --- European children --- adolescents --- adults --- genetics --- food preferences --- heritability --- candidate gene --- GWAS --- adiposity --- polygenic risk score
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The sensation of flavor reflects the complex integration of aroma, taste, texture, and chemesthetic (oral and nasal irritation cues) from a food or food component. Flavor is a major determinant of food palatability—the extent to which a food is accepted or rejected—and can profoundly influence diet selection, nutrition, and health. Despite recent progress, gaps in knowledge still remain regarding how taste and flavor cues are detected at the periphery, conveyed by the brainstem to higher cortical levels, and then interpreted as a conscious sensation. Taste signals are also projected to central feeding centers where they can regulate hunger and fullness. Individual differences in sensory perceptions are also well known and can arise from genetic variation, environmental causes, or a variety of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Genetic taste/smell variation could predispose individuals to these same diseases. Recent findings have opened new avenues of inquiry, suggesting that fatty acids and carbohydrates may provide nutrient-specific signals informing the gut and brain of the nature of the ingested nutrients. This Special Issue, Taste, Nutrition, and Health, presents original research communications and comprehensive reviews on topics of broad interest to researchers and educators in sensory science, nutrition, physiology, public health, and health care.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- acceptability --- food development --- sensory attributes --- CATA --- dietotherapy --- aromas --- linoleic acid --- gustation --- hedonic --- BDNF --- fat taste --- c-Fos --- Zif-268 --- Glut-1 --- sweeteners --- sugar reduction --- psychophysical dose-response --- sweetness growth rate --- sweetness potency --- cross-cultural --- food liking --- sensory --- questionnaire --- fMRI --- caffeine --- taste --- memory --- sensory evaluation --- tea --- EGCG --- hedonics --- sweet taste --- psychophysics --- nutrition --- diet --- threshold --- intensity --- liking --- sweetness --- taste test --- individual differences --- classification method --- taste perception --- umami --- carbohydrate --- sweet --- salt --- bitter --- physical activity --- basic tastes --- taste reception --- smell --- dysgeusia --- burning sensation --- halitosis --- saliva --- caries --- primary Sjögren’s syndrome --- non-SS sicca syndrome --- sweet liking --- fat liking --- e-cigarettes --- body mass index --- dietary behaviors --- tobacco --- cigarettes --- chronic smoking --- electrophysiological recording from human tongue --- fat perception --- CD36 --- PROP tasting --- grapefruit --- consumer --- naringin --- aroma --- color --- satiety --- tastants --- food intake --- intraduodenal infusion --- intraileal infusion --- overweight --- weight management --- Obesity --- eating behavior --- prebiotics --- microbiota --- sex differences --- biopsychosocial --- children --- brain imaging --- smell sensitivity --- olfaction --- staircase --- QUEST --- choice --- familiarity --- PROP --- food neophobia --- sensitivity to disgust --- sensitivity to punishment --- vegetables --- caffeinated beverages --- bitterness --- astringency --- taste preference questionnaire --- validation --- European children --- adolescents --- adults --- genetics --- food preferences --- heritability --- candidate gene --- GWAS --- adiposity --- polygenic risk score --- n/a --- primary Sjögren's syndrome
Choose an application
The sensation of flavor reflects the complex integration of aroma, taste, texture, and chemesthetic (oral and nasal irritation cues) from a food or food component. Flavor is a major determinant of food palatability—the extent to which a food is accepted or rejected—and can profoundly influence diet selection, nutrition, and health. Despite recent progress, gaps in knowledge still remain regarding how taste and flavor cues are detected at the periphery, conveyed by the brainstem to higher cortical levels, and then interpreted as a conscious sensation. Taste signals are also projected to central feeding centers where they can regulate hunger and fullness. Individual differences in sensory perceptions are also well known and can arise from genetic variation, environmental causes, or a variety of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Genetic taste/smell variation could predispose individuals to these same diseases. Recent findings have opened new avenues of inquiry, suggesting that fatty acids and carbohydrates may provide nutrient-specific signals informing the gut and brain of the nature of the ingested nutrients. This Special Issue, Taste, Nutrition, and Health, presents original research communications and comprehensive reviews on topics of broad interest to researchers and educators in sensory science, nutrition, physiology, public health, and health care.
acceptability --- food development --- sensory attributes --- CATA --- dietotherapy --- aromas --- linoleic acid --- gustation --- hedonic --- BDNF --- fat taste --- c-Fos --- Zif-268 --- Glut-1 --- sweeteners --- sugar reduction --- psychophysical dose-response --- sweetness growth rate --- sweetness potency --- cross-cultural --- food liking --- sensory --- questionnaire --- fMRI --- caffeine --- taste --- memory --- sensory evaluation --- tea --- EGCG --- hedonics --- sweet taste --- psychophysics --- nutrition --- diet --- threshold --- intensity --- liking --- sweetness --- taste test --- individual differences --- classification method --- taste perception --- umami --- carbohydrate --- sweet --- salt --- bitter --- physical activity --- basic tastes --- taste reception --- smell --- dysgeusia --- burning sensation --- halitosis --- saliva --- caries --- primary Sjögren’s syndrome --- non-SS sicca syndrome --- sweet liking --- fat liking --- e-cigarettes --- body mass index --- dietary behaviors --- tobacco --- cigarettes --- chronic smoking --- electrophysiological recording from human tongue --- fat perception --- CD36 --- PROP tasting --- grapefruit --- consumer --- naringin --- aroma --- color --- satiety --- tastants --- food intake --- intraduodenal infusion --- intraileal infusion --- overweight --- weight management --- Obesity --- eating behavior --- prebiotics --- microbiota --- sex differences --- biopsychosocial --- children --- brain imaging --- smell sensitivity --- olfaction --- staircase --- QUEST --- choice --- familiarity --- PROP --- food neophobia --- sensitivity to disgust --- sensitivity to punishment --- vegetables --- caffeinated beverages --- bitterness --- astringency --- taste preference questionnaire --- validation --- European children --- adolescents --- adults --- genetics --- food preferences --- heritability --- candidate gene --- GWAS --- adiposity --- polygenic risk score --- n/a --- primary Sjögren's syndrome
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