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In this book, a distinguished expert introduces plasma physics from the ground up, presenting it as a comprehensible field that can be grasped largely on the basis of physical intuition and qualitative reasoning, similar to other fields of physics. Plasmas are ionized gases that can be found in a hydrogen bomb explosion, the confinement chamber of an experimental fusion reactor, the solar corona, the aurora borealis, the interstellar medium, and the immediate vicinity of a gravitational black hole. Not surprisingly, plasma physics appears to consist of numerous topics arising independently from astrophysics, fusion physics, and other practical applications, and hence it remains a field poorly understood even by many astrophysicists. But, in fact, most of these topics can be approached from the same perspective, with a simple, physical intuition. Selecting simple examples and presenting them in a simultaneously intuitive and rigorous manner, Russell Kulsrud guides readers through a careful derivation of the results and allows them to think through the physics for themselves. Thus, they are better prepared for complex cases and more general results. The first eleven chapters present topics by their importance to plasma physics while the last three chapters emphasize the field's astrophysical applications, applying the results accrued earlier. Throughout, many problems illustrate the field's applications. Based on a course the author taught for many years, Plasma Physics for Astrophysics is intended for graduate students as well as for working astrophysicists.
Plasma astrophysics. --- Accretion disk. --- Alfven time. --- Bessel function. --- Braginski equations. --- Charge neutrality. --- Compression. --- Contour integration. --- Critical drift velocity. --- Dalembertian solution. --- Debye length. --- Downstream region. --- Earth's magnetic field. --- Entropy. --- Faraday rotation. --- Flux freezing. --- Guide field. --- Helicity spectrum. --- Impact parameter. --- Ion acoustic mode. --- Jump conditions. --- Laplace transform. --- Magnetic reconnection. --- Magnetic tension. --- Maxwell distribution. --- Ohm's law. --- Parallel viscosity. --- Quasi neutrality. --- Shocks. --- Solar flare. --- Topology.
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The essential introduction to magnetic reconnection—written by a leading pioneer of the fieldPlasmas comprise more than 99 percent of the visible universe; and, wherever plasmas are, magnetic reconnection occurs. In this common and yet incompletely understood physical process, oppositely directed magnetic fields in a plasma meet, break, and then reconnect, converting the huge amounts of energy stored in magnetic fields into kinetic and thermal energy. In Magnetic Reconnection, Masaaki Yamada offers an illuminating synthesis of modern research and advances on this important topic. Magnetic reconnection produces such phenomena as solar flares and the northern lights, and occurs in nuclear fusion devices. A better understanding of this crucial cosmic activity is essential to comprehending the universe and varied technological applications, such as satellite communications. Most of our knowledge of magnetic reconnection comes from theoretical and computational models and laboratory experiments, but space missions launched in recent years have added up-close observation and measurements to researchers’ tools. Describing the fundamental physics of magnetic reconnection, Yamada connects the theory with the latest results from laboratory experiments and space-based observations, including the Magnetic Reconnection Experiment (MRX) and the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) Mission. He concludes by considering outstanding problems and laying out a road map for future research.Aimed at advanced graduate students and researchers in plasma astrophysics, solar physics, and space physics, Magnetic Reconnection provides cutting-edge information vital area of scientific investigation.
Magnetic reconnection. --- SCIENCE / Physics / Magnetism. --- Acceleration. --- Accretion disk. --- Ampere. --- Annihilation. --- Astrophysical plasma. --- Astrophysics. --- Bremsstrahlung. --- Collision frequency. --- Collisionality. --- Coronal loop. --- Coronal mass ejection. --- Coulomb collision. --- Current density. --- Current sheet. --- Cyclotron. --- Debye length. --- Diffusion layer. --- Dissipation. --- Drift velocity. --- Dynamo theory. --- Electric field. --- Electrical resistivity and conductivity. --- Electron temperature. --- Electrostatics. --- Energy transformation. --- Experimental physics. --- Fermi acceleration. --- Feynman diagram. --- Field effect (semiconductor). --- Field line. --- Fine structure. --- Flux tube. --- Fusion power. --- Gauge theory. --- Gyroradius. --- Hall effect. --- Inductance. --- Induction equation. --- Instability. --- Interferometry. --- Ion acoustic wave. --- Ionization. --- Kinetic theory of gases. --- Kink instability. --- Landau damping. --- Langmuir probe. --- Length scale. --- Lorentz force. --- Madison Symmetric Torus. --- Magnetar. --- Magnetic confinement fusion. --- Magnetic diffusivity. --- Magnetic dipole. --- Magnetic energy. --- Magnetic field. --- Magnetic flux. --- Magnetic helicity. --- Magnetization. --- Magnetohydrodynamics. --- Magnetopause. --- Magnetosheath. --- Magnetosonic wave. --- Magnetosphere. --- Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. --- Mean free path. --- Momentum transfer. --- Neutral beam injection. --- Nonlinear optics. --- Nuclear fusion. --- Paramagnetism. --- Particle physics. --- Pitch angle (particle motion). --- Plasma (physics). --- Plasma acceleration. --- Plasma oscillation. --- Plasma parameter. --- Plasma parameters. --- Plasma stability. --- Plasmoid. --- Quadrupole. --- Relativistic plasma. --- Reversed field pinch. --- Safety factor (plasma physics). --- Scattering. --- Skin effect. --- Solar flare. --- Spacecraft. --- Spatial scale. --- Spheromak. --- Stark effect. --- Substorm. --- Synchrotron radiation. --- Thermodynamic equilibrium. --- Thomson scattering. --- Tokamak. --- Two-dimensional space. --- Van Allen radiation belt. --- Weibel instability. --- X-ray. --- Annihilation, Magnetic field --- Magnetic field annihilation --- Magnetic field line merging --- Merging, Magnetic field line --- Reconnection, Magnetic --- Reconnection (Astronomy) --- Astrophysics --- Geophysics --- Magnetic fields
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