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The holistic thesis developed by Pierre Duhem challenges the idea that our evidence can conclusively falsify a theory. Given that no scientific theory is tested in isolation, a negative experiment can always be attributed to components other than the theory we test - to the auxiliary hypotheses and background assumptions. How do scientists decide whether the experimental result undermines the theory or points at an error in the underlying assumptions? Duhem argues that we cannot offer a rule that directs when the scientist should employ a radical or conservative strategy in light of a negative result, and ultimately they will appeal to their intuition. More recently philosophers have offered a number of strategies of how to locate error and justify the abandonment of a theory or an auxiliary hypothesis. This Element analyses Duhem's response to holism and subsequent accounts of how the problem can be resolved.
Science --- Holism. --- Wholism --- Evolution --- Whole and parts (Philosophy) --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy. --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie, --- Di-ang, --- Di-ang, Pʻi-ai-erh, --- Duhem, P. --- Duhem, Pierre, --- دوهيم، بيار ماري،
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Physicists --- Biography --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie, --- -#GROL:SEMI-1-05'19' Duhe --- Physical scientists --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie --- Physiciens --- Biographie --- Duhem (Pierre). --- Di-ang, --- Di-ang, Pʻi-ai-erh, --- Duhem, P. --- Duhem, Pierre, --- دوهيم، بيار ماري، --- #GROL:SEMI-1-05'19' Duhe --- Physicists - France - Biography --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie, - 1861-1916
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Physics --- Science --- Physicists --- History. --- Biography. --- 113 --- Algemene natuurwetten. Oorsprong van de wereld. Schepping. Kosmogonie --- 113 Algemene natuurwetten. Oorsprong van de wereld. Schepping. Kosmogonie --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Biography --- History --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie, --- Di-ang, --- Di-ang, Pʻi-ai-erh, --- Duhem, P. --- Duhem, Pierre, --- دوهيم، بيار ماري، --- Physics - History. --- Science - History. --- Physicists - France - Biography.
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Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- -Knowledge, Theory of --- -Physics --- -Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry --- History --- Methodology --- -History --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie --- -Knowledge --- -Science --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Physics --- Natural philosophy --- Methodology&delete& --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie, --- Di-ang, --- Di-ang, Pʻi-ai-erh, --- Duhem, P. --- Duhem, Pierre, --- دوهيم، بيار ماري، --- Knowledge --- Science. --- Sciences --- Duhem (pierre), physicien et philosophe francais, 1861-1916 --- Philosophie --- La theorie physique --- Etude critique
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Philosophy of science --- Science --- Philosophy --- Methodology --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie, --- Quine, Willard Van Orman --- 165.64 --- -Science --- -Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Empiricisme. Empirisme --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie --- Quine, W. V. --- Methodology. --- Philosophy. --- -Empiricisme. Empirisme --- 165.64 Empiricisme. Empirisme --- -165.64 Empiricisme. Empirisme --- Natural science --- Normal science --- Scientific method --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Kuaĭn, Uillard van Ormen --- קואיין, ו. ו. א. --- Di-ang, --- Di-ang, Pʻi-ai-erh, --- Duhem, P. --- Duhem, Pierre, --- دوهيم، بيار ماري، --- Science - Philosophy --- Science - Methodology --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie, - 1861-1916
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In light of the contemporary struggle between science and faith, Kathleen Mulhern's timely exploration of late nineteenth-century neo-Pascalian thought both recovers a lost perspective on the "war between science and religion" and offers a fruitful angle of study for twenty-first-century reflection. As the science vs. religion rancor reached its early fury at the turn of the century, many devout French Catholic intellectuals struggled with the increasingly dogmatic spirit in both the Roman Catholic Church and the scientific community. The dominant ideology of scientism within the intellectual establishment of the Third Republic (1870-1940) collided with a growing authoritarianism within the Church, expressed in the 1893 papal encyclical, Providentissimus. Physicist Pierre Duhem, philosopher Maurice Blondel, and priest Lucien Laberthonnière rejected the Roman Catholic Church's Thomistic methodology and sought intellectual inspiration instead in the philosophy of seventeenth-century scientist, mathematician, philosopher, and Christian apologist Blaise Pascal. These neo-Pascalians offered an alternative to the adversarial relationship between modern culture and orthodox Catholic faith, but their ideas came to an abrupt and bitter conclusion when they ran afoul of Church authority. The narrative and contribution of the neo-Pascalians offers many insights and lessons that could helpfully inform the contemporary debates surrounding the dialogue between science and religion.
Religion and science. --- Church and state --- Christianity and state --- Separation of church and state --- State and church --- State, The --- Christianity and science --- Geology --- Geology and religion --- Science --- Science and religion --- History --- Religious aspects --- Pascal, Blaise, --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie, --- Blondel, Maurice, --- Laberthonnière, Lucien, --- Blondel, M. --- Di-ang, --- Di-ang, Pʻi-ai-erh, --- Duhem, P. --- Duhem, Pierre, --- دوهيم، بيار ماري، --- Pascal, Blaise --- Montaltius, Ludovicus --- de Montalte, Louis --- Catholic Church --- Church of Rome --- Roman Catholic Church --- Katholische Kirche --- Katolyt︠s︡ʹka t︠s︡erkva --- Römisch-Katholische Kirche --- Römische Kirche --- Ecclesia Catholica --- Eglise catholique --- Eglise catholique-romaine --- Katolicheskai︠a︡ t︠s︡erkovʹ --- Chiesa cattolica --- Iglesia Católica --- Kościół Katolicki --- Katolicki Kościół --- Kościół Rzymskokatolicki --- Nihon Katorikku Kyōkai --- Katholikē Ekklēsia --- Gereja Katolik --- Kenesiyah ha-Ḳatolit --- Kanisa Katoliki --- כנסיה הקתולית --- כנסייה הקתולית --- 가톨릭교 --- 천주교 --- France --- 27 <44> "1870/1914" --- 27 <44> "1870/1914" Histoire de l'Eglise--Frankrijk--?"1870/1914" --- 27 <44> "1870/1914" Kerkgeschiedenis--Frankrijk--?"1870/1914" --- Histoire de l'Eglise--Frankrijk--?"1870/1914" --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Frankrijk--?"1870/1914" --- Laberthonnière, Lucien --- Religion and science --- Laberthonnière, Lucien, --- Laberthonnière, Lucien. --- Blondel, Maurizio --- Montalte, Louis de, --- Pasukaru, Burēzu, --- Paskalʹ, Blėz, --- Pascal, Biagio, --- Pʻa-ssu-kʻa-erh, Pu-lai-tzu, --- Pa-ssu-ka, Pa-ssu-chia-erh, --- Pa-ssu-chʻieh-erh, Pa-ssu-chʻia, --- Ppasŭkkal, --- Montaltius, Ludovicus, --- פסקל, בלז --- פסקל, ב., --- Laberthonnière, Lucien, - 1860-1932 --- Pascal, Blaise, - 1623-1662 --- Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie, - 1861-1916 --- Blondel, Maurice, - 1861-1949 --- 파스칼
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