Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This paper uses panel data to analyze factors that contributed to the rapid decline in poverty in India between 2005 and 2012. The analysis employs a nonparametric decomposition method that measures the relative contributions of different components of household livelihoods to observed changes in poverty. The results show that poverty decline is associated with a significant increase in labor earnings, explained in turn by a steep rise in wages for unskilled labor, and diversification from farm to nonfarm sources of income in rural areas. Transfers, in the form of remittances and social programs, have contributed but are not the primary drivers of poverty ecline over this period. The pattern of changes is consistent with processes associated with structural transformation, which add up to a highly pro-poor pattern of income growth over the initial distribution of income and consumption. However, certain social groups (Adivasis and alits) are found to be more likely to stay in or fall into poverty and less likely to move out of poverty. And even as poverty has reduced dramatically, the share of vulnerable population has not.

Dependency Ratios. --- Inequality. --- Labor Income. --- Nonparametric Decomposition. --- Poverty Reduction. --- Poverty. --- Pro-Poor Growth. --- Remittances. --- Rural Poverty Reduction. --- Services and Transfers to Poor.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

With growing international skilled labor mobility, education and migration decisions have become increasingly inter-related, and potentially have a large impact on the growth trajectories of source countries, through their effects on labor supply, savings, or the cost of education. The authors develop a generic dynamic general equilibrium model to analyze the education-migration nexus in a consistent framework. They use the model as a laboratory to test empirical conditions for the existence of net brain gain, that is, greater domestic accumulation of human capital (in per capita terms) with greater migration of skilled workers. The results suggest that although some structural parameters can favor simultaneously greater human capital accumulation and greater skilled migration - such as high ratio of remittances over domestic incomes, high dependency ratios in migrant households, low dependency ratios in source countries, increasing returns to scale in the education sector, technological transfers and export market access with Diasporas, and efficient financial markets - this does not necessarily mean that greater migration encourages the constitution of greater stocks of human capital in source countries.

Currencies and Exchange Rates --- Debt Markets --- Dependency ratios --- Economic Theory and Research --- Education --- Emerging Markets --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Human capital --- Inequality --- Investment and Investment Climate --- Labor Markets --- Labor Policies --- Labor supply --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Migrant --- Migration --- Policy research --- Policy research working paper --- Population Policies --- Poverty Reduction --- Private Sector Development --- Progress --- Remittances --- Skilled workers --- Social Protections and Labor --- Tertiary Education

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

With growing international skilled labor mobility, education and migration decisions have become increasingly inter-related, and potentially have a large impact on the growth trajectories of source countries, through their effects on labor supply, savings, or the cost of education. The authors develop a generic dynamic general equilibrium model to analyze the education-migration nexus in a consistent framework. They use the model as a laboratory to test empirical conditions for the existence of net brain gain, that is, greater domestic accumulation of human capital (in per capita terms) with greater migration of skilled workers. The results suggest that although some structural parameters can favor simultaneously greater human capital accumulation and greater skilled migration - such as high ratio of remittances over domestic incomes, high dependency ratios in migrant households, low dependency ratios in source countries, increasing returns to scale in the education sector, technological transfers and export market access with Diasporas, and efficient financial markets - this does not necessarily mean that greater migration encourages the constitution of greater stocks of human capital in source countries.

Currencies and Exchange Rates --- Debt Markets --- Dependency ratios --- Economic Theory and Research --- Education --- Emerging Markets --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Human capital --- Inequality --- Investment and Investment Climate --- Labor Markets --- Labor Policies --- Labor supply --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Migrant --- Migration --- Policy research --- Policy research working paper --- Population Policies --- Poverty Reduction --- Private Sector Development --- Progress --- Remittances --- Skilled workers --- Social Protections and Labor --- Tertiary Education