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ARAB SPRING, 2010 --- -DEMOCRATIZATION--ARAB COUNTRIES --- ARAB COUNTRIES--FOREIGN RELATIONS

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ARAB COUNTRIES--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT --- DEMOCRATIZATION--ARAB COUNTRIES

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Fuelled by the suspicion that the European Union's democracy promotion efforts in the Middle East and North Africa over the past 20 years were not only ineffective but even counterproductive, this book critically reviews the practice and effects of international democracy promotion efforts vis-a-vis authoritarian regimes. How and under which conditions do authoritarian regimes cooperate on democracy promotion efforts by international actors ? And what does the Arab Spring tell us about the nature and prospects of these efforts ? Following a comprehensive analysis of cooperation on democracy and human rights in Euro-Mediterranean relations since the early 1990s, the author argues that the same set of factors facilitated both the cooperation of authoritarian regimes and their persistence during the Arab Spring. For authoritarian regimes with moderate levels of political liberalization and statehood, cooperation on democracy and human rights became part of their more 'successful' survival strategies.

DEMOCRATIZATION--EU --- DEMOCRATIZATION--ARAB COUNTRIES --- DEMOCRATIZATION--MIDDLE EAST --- ARAB SPRING, 2010 --- -AUTHORITARIANISM--ARAB COUNTRIES --- AUTHORITARIANISM--MIDDLE EAST

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Political systems --- National movements --- Arab States --- Authoritarianism --- Democratization --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Arab states --- Authoritarianism - Arab countries --- Democratization - Arab countries --- Arab countries - Politics and government

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Whether democracy promotion should play a role in US foreign policy continues to be a subject of considerable debate, perhaps nowhere more than with regards to the Arab world. But looking beyond the 'whether', what explains why, where, ad how the United States promotes democracy ? What caused the shift from the Obama administration's support of the Arab Spring protests in 2011 to its retreat from democracy promotion on two years later ? What explains the Trump administration's focus on relationships with autocrats ? In the context of these questions, the author explores the tensions between interests and ideals in U foreign policy and the possibilities and limits of US democracy.

DEMOCRATIZATION--USA --- DEMOCRATIZATION--ARAB COUNTRIES --- USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--ARAB COUNTRIES --- ARAB COUNTRIES--FOREIGN RELATIONS--USA --- Democratization --- Government policy --- United States --- Arab countries --- Foreign relations --- Democratization - Government policy - United States --- Democratization - Arab countries --- United States - Foreign relations - Arab countries --- Arab countries - Foreign relations - United States