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Prisoners --- Deinstitutionalization

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Prisoners --- Disability insurance --- Deinstitutionalization

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Psychiatric hospitals --- Deinstitutionalization.

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Depuis les 45 dernières années, le système des services et des soins en santé mentale s'est radicalement transformé, passant de l'institution asilaire à des modèles de traitement au sein de la société. C'est le cas au Québec, dans des provinces canadiennes ainsi qu'aux États-Unis et dans certains pays de l'Ouest européen. Cet article traite des aspects médicaux, juridiques et sociologiques de la désinstitutionnalisation. Mots clés : désinstitutionnalisation, médecine, psychiatrie, maladie mentale, droit, sociologie, plan d'action, usager, services de santé mentale. Over the past 45 years, the mental health care system has been radically transformed, it's focus shifting from institutional care to a model of treatment located in community settings. Following the experience of the United Kingdom and of the United States, Quebec's mental health system is presently undergoing a similar transformation, transferring services from psychiatric hospitals to various neighbourhoods. This article examines the medical, legal and sociological aspects of this new organizational form. Key words : deinstitutionalization, medicine, psychiatry, mental illness, civil rights, sociology, action plan, psychiatric user, mental health services. Desde los 45 últimos años, el sistema de servicios y cuidados en salud mental se transformó radicalmente pasando de instituciones como ser el manicomio a modelos de tratamiento en el seno de la sociedad. Es el caso de Québec, de las provincias canadienses así como de los Estados Unidos y de algunos países del Oeste europeo. Este artículo trata entonces de los aspectos médicos, jurídicos y sociológicos de la desinstitucionalización. Palabras clave : desinstitucionalización, medicina, psiquiatría, enfermedad mental, derecho, sociología, plan de acción, usuario, servicios de salud mental.

Mental illness --- Deinstitutionalization. --- Social aspects.

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Intellectual Disability --- Residential Facilities --- Deinstitutionalization