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This detailed volume provides a comprehensive set of experimental protocols and useful strategies to examine the repair of damaged bases via the Base Excision Repair (BER) pathway in vitro and in cells. Beginning with multiple molecular and cellular techniques to examine the excision of damaged bases from double-stranded DNA or DNA wrapped in a nucleosome, the book continues with sections covering procedures to detect and quantify the damaged bases, protein DNA crosslinks, and double-strand breaks, experimental procedures to identify DNA repair protein interactome by conventional tandem affinity purification followed by mass spectroscopy analysis, as well as the analysis of genome-wide binding of DNA repair proteins and copy number variations of the DNA damage response gene in tumors. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topis, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Base Excision Repair Pathway: Methods and Protocols serves as a valuable resource for novices and experts trying to examine the repair of various types of DNA lesions in vitro and in cell by the distinct set of proteins in the BER pathway.

DNA damage. --- DNA repair. --- Genomics. --- Proteins. --- DNA Damage and Repair.

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This detailed book compiles a series of laboratory protocols covering the most important aspects of R-loop biology. Beginning with a range of methods allowing for the detection of DNA-RNA hybrids, as well as their purification and visualization by electron microscopy, the volume continues with methods based on the use of RNase H-derived tools to detect DNA-RNA hybrids in vitro and in vivo. Several protocols permit studying non-canonical RNA nucleotides in the R-loop context, as well as a number of specific protocols devoted to the investigation of R-loop topology and their functional roles in the biology of mitochondria and telomeres. Finally, a large block of chapters is dedicated to different methods allowing genome-wide mapping of DNA-RNA hybrids in various organisms. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, R-Loops: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal resource for those working on R-loop homeostasis but also to scientists studying such areas of molecular and cell biology as genome integrity, DNA replication and repair, chromatin remodeling, transcription, RNA processing, modification and export, as well as for researchers elucidating the molecular mechanisms of cancer and genetic diseases.

Biology—Technique. --- Genomics. --- Biomaterials. --- Nucleic acids. --- DNA damage. --- DNA repair. --- DNA replication. --- Genomic Analysis. --- Nucleic Acid. --- DNA Damage and Repair. --- DNA Replication. --- Polynucleotides --- Biomolecules --- Genome research --- Genomes --- Molecular genetics --- Chromosomal DNA replication --- DNA --- Replication of DNA --- Deoxyribonucleic acid repair --- Repair, DNA --- Repair mechanisms in DNA --- Biochemical genetics --- Antimutagens --- Damage, DNA --- Mutation (Biology) --- Research --- Replication --- Synthesis

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Natural products or organic compounds isolated from natural sources as primary or secondary metabolites have inspired numerous drugs. It is not an overstatement that the majority of medicines in clinics, even in the 21st century, have been derived from natural resources despite the decline of industry research into natural products due to a variety of drawbacks. Saffron crocus, considered to be the most valuable spice by weight, and its bioactive constituents, have been studied for the treatment of a wide range of pathologies, including neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, diabetes, and even cardiovascular diseases. In this book on the chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of Crocus sativus L. extract and its constituents, we aimed to assess new advances in the understanding of the therapeutic action of saffron and its constituents in targeting different pathologies. In this context, eight original research articles covering recent advances in the therapeutic actions of saffron and its ingredients in different diseases are reported. Two studies reporting novel methods regarding the bioanalysis of saffron extracts have been included. The collection is completed with two very interesting reviews reporting advances in the fields of schizophrenia and cancer. In conclusion, in this book, we are delighted to have received several contributions that we hope will provide new and interesting information for the scientific community on the chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential of Crocus sativus L. extract and its constituents.

Medicine --- saffron --- affron® --- depression --- anxiety --- antioxidant --- crocins --- glucose --- β-pancreatic cells --- insulin --- pck1 --- neuroprotective activity --- P2X7 receptor --- fraction --- flumazenil --- rat --- Crocus sativus --- cancer --- anticancer activity --- chemoprevention --- clinical trials --- patents --- anesthetic ketamine --- memory --- Crocus sativus L. --- schizophrenia --- crocetin --- pubertal testis --- X-rays --- radiotherapy --- fertility preservation --- SIRT1 --- HuR --- oxidative stress --- autophagy --- crocin --- picrocrocin --- safranal --- dietary supplement --- nutraceutical --- Crocus sativus L. (Iridaceae) --- reversed-phase UPLC --- metabolomics --- HR MS --- inflammatory bowel disease --- gut microbiota --- colitis --- cytokines --- colorectal cancer --- HCT116 --- MLH1 --- MSH3 --- DNA damage and repair --- apoptosis

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This book will cover topics related to the preparation and use of heterogeneous catalytic systems for the transformation of renewable sources, as well as of materials deriving from agro-industrial wastes and by-products. At the same time, the ever-increasing importance of bioproducts, due to the acceptance and request of consumers, makes the upgrade of biomass into chemicals and materials not only an environmental issue, but also an economical advantage.

isoselenourea --- malignant --- chemotherapeutics --- epigenetics --- antitumor activity --- methylseleninic acid --- mTOR inhibitors --- tumor heterogeneity --- hypoxia --- ER stress --- melanoma --- EMT --- lipid peroxidation --- immune evasion --- hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) --- selenium-binding protein 1 --- glutathione --- DNA damage --- hSP56 --- apoptosis --- tocopherol --- anticancer --- viability --- SELENBP1 --- selenium --- clear-cell renal cell carcinoma microRNAs --- SBP1 --- entosis --- PD-L1 --- miRNA --- cancer stem cells --- cell plasticity --- disease --- clear cell renal cell carcinoma --- HIF --- head and neck cancer --- selenium species --- VEGF --- STAT3 --- hypoxia-inducible factor --- methylselenocysteine --- anticancer agent --- Se-containing nanoparticles --- DNA damage and repair --- radiation --- seleno-l-methionine --- cancer --- tumor microenvironment --- methylselenoesters

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This book will cover topics related to the preparation and use of heterogeneous catalytic systems for the transformation of renewable sources, as well as of materials deriving from agro-industrial wastes and by-products. At the same time, the ever-increasing importance of bioproducts, due to the acceptance and request of consumers, makes the upgrade of biomass into chemicals and materials not only an environmental issue, but also an economical advantage.

isoselenourea --- malignant --- chemotherapeutics --- epigenetics --- antitumor activity --- methylseleninic acid --- mTOR inhibitors --- tumor heterogeneity --- hypoxia --- ER stress --- melanoma --- EMT --- lipid peroxidation --- immune evasion --- hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) --- selenium-binding protein 1 --- glutathione --- DNA damage --- hSP56 --- apoptosis --- tocopherol --- anticancer --- viability --- SELENBP1 --- selenium --- clear-cell renal cell carcinoma microRNAs --- SBP1 --- entosis --- PD-L1 --- miRNA --- cancer stem cells --- cell plasticity --- disease --- clear cell renal cell carcinoma --- HIF --- head and neck cancer --- selenium species --- VEGF --- STAT3 --- hypoxia-inducible factor --- methylselenocysteine --- anticancer agent --- Se-containing nanoparticles --- DNA damage and repair --- radiation --- seleno-l-methionine --- cancer --- tumor microenvironment --- methylselenoesters