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South Africa : racism in sport
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Year: 1970 Publisher: London: Published for the International Defence and Aid Fund by Christian Action Publications,

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Sport et discriminations en Europe
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ISBN: 9287178836 1282952048 9786612952043 Year: 2010 Publisher: ( ) : Conseil de l'Europe,

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Cet ouvrage présente les principales contributions et réflexions de jeunes chercheurs européens et de journalistes en matière de discrimination dans le sport. A partir d'une approche pluridisciplinaire en sciences sociales, les auteurs montrent comment les médias et leurs professionnels peuvent être le relais, par le biais de leurs reportages sportifs, des initiatives de lutte contre les discriminations. Ils illustrent également de manière détaillée non seulement la réalité des discriminations dans le sport et les controverses relatives à ces questions dans les Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe, mais aussi le dynamisme de la recherche naissante dans ce domaine.L'Accord partiel élargi sur le sport (APES) souhaite ainsi contribuer au développement d'une recherche européenne sur l'éducation par le sport, en y impliquant des chercheurs de différents pays, afin de mieux comprendre le phénomène des discriminations.L'Accord partiel élargi sur le sport (APES) est un accord entre différents pays membres du Conseil de l'Europe (33 États membres au 1er mars 2010) qui ont décidé de coopérer dans le domaine des politiques du sport. En tant qu'accord « élargi », l'APES est ouvert aux pays non membres du Conseil de l'Europe. Ses travaux sont menés en coopération avec les organisations concernées, en particulier avec des représentants du mouvement sportif.


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Strike Three : Umpires' Demand for Discrimination
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Year: 2007 Publisher: Cambridge, Massachusetts : National Bureau of Economic Research,

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We explore umpires' racial/ethnic preferences in the evaluation of Major League Baseball pitchers. Controlling for umpire, pitcher, batter and catcher fixed effects and many other factors, strikes are more likely to be called if the umpire and pitcher match race/ethnicity. This effect only exists where there is little scrutiny of umpires' behavior -- in ballparks without computerized systems monitoring umpires' calls, at poorly attended games, and when the called pitch cannot determine the outcome of the at-bat. If a pitcher shares the home-plate umpire's race/ethnicity, he gives up fewer runs per game and improves his team's chance of winning. The results suggest that standard measures of salary discrimination that adjust for measured productivity may generally be flawed. We derive the magnitude of the bias generally and apply it to several examples.


Book
Sex segregation in sports : why separate is not equal
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9798216013396 9798216143918 1440838119 Year: 2016 Publisher: Santa Barbara, Calif. : New York : Praeger, an imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC, Bloomsbury Publishing (US),

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Why isn't segregation based on sex illegal in sports just as race segregation is? This book examines the controversial issue, arguing that "separate but equal" is neither achievable nor constitutional.

Blackout : The Untold Story of Jackie Robinson's First Spring Training
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ISBN: 1280423706 9786610423705 0803204310 9780803204317 9781280423703 6610423709 0803229569 9780803229563 Year: 2004 Publisher: Lincoln, Neb. : Baltimore, Md. : University of Nebraska Press, Project MUSE,

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"In the spring of 1946, following the defeat of Hitler's Germany, America found itself still struggling with the subtler but no less insidious tyrannies of racism and segregation at home. In the midst of it all, Jackie Robinson, a full year away from breaking major league baseball's color barrier with the Brooklyn Dodgers, was undergoing a harrowing dress rehearsal for integration - his first spring training as a minor league prospect with the Montreal Royals, Brooklyn's AAA team. In Blackout, Chris Lamb tells what happened during these six weeks in segregated Florida - six weeks that would become a critical juncture for the national pastime and for an American society on the threshold of a civil rights revolution." "Blackout chronicles Robinson's tremendous ordeal during that crucial spring training - how he struggled on the field and off. The restaurants and hotels that welcomed his white teammates were closed to him, and in one city after another he was prohibited from taking the field. Steeping his story in its complex cultural context, Lamb describes Robinson's determination and anxiety, the reaction of the black and white communities to his appearance, and the unique and influential role of the press - mainstream reporting, the alternative black weeklies, and the Communist Daily Worker - in the integration of baseball. Told here in detail for the first time, this story encapsulates the larger history of a man, a sport, and a nation on the verge of great and enduring change."--Jacket.


Book
La identidad se forja en el tablón : masculinidad, etnicidad y discriminación en los cantos de las hinchadas argentinas
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ISBN: 9502918320 Year: 2020 Publisher: Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina : CLACSO,

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Gender, sexuality and sport : a dangerous mix
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ISBN: 1876718544 9781876718541 Year: 2002 Publisher: Petersham: Walla Walla press,

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Sport, space and segregation : politics and society in Pietermaritzburg
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ISBN: 9781869141615 Year: 2009 Publisher: Scottsville : University of Kwazulu-Natal press,

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Ethnicity, sport, identity
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ISBN: 9786610253944 0203495632 1135755884 1280253940 9780203495636 0203584481 0714655740 0714684589 9781135755836 9781135755874 9781135755881 9780714655741 9780714684581 1135755876 Year: 2005 Publisher: London New York Routledge

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The struggle for status within sport is a microcosm of the struggle for rights, freedom and recognition within society. Injustices within sport often reflect larger injustices in society as a whole. In South Africa, for example, sport has been crucial in advancing the rights and liberty of oppressed groups. The geographical and chronological range of the essays in Ethnicity, Sport, Identity reveal the global role of sport in this advance. The collection examines cases of discrimination directed at individuals or groups, resulting in their exclusion from full participation in


Book
Birth advantages and relative age effects in sport : exploring organizational structures and creating appropriate settings
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ISBN: 0367357801 9780367357801 9780367756864 0367756862 Year: 2021 Publisher: New York, NY: Routledge,

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"Relative age effects (RAEs) refer to the participation, selection, and attainment inequalities in the immediate, short-term, and long-term in sports. Indeed, dozens of studies have identified RAEs across male and female sporting contexts. Despite its widespread prevalence, there is a paucity in the empirical research and practical application of strategies specifically designed to moderate RAEs. Thus, the purpose of this book is to situate RAEs in the context of youth sport structures, lay foundational knowledge concerning the mechanisms that underpin RAEs, as well as offer alternative group banding strategies aimed at moderating RAEs. In order to enhance our knowledge on birth advantages and RAEs to create more appropriate settings, key stakeholders, such as coaches, practitioners, administrators, policy makers, and researchers, are required to understand the possible influence of and interaction between birthplace, engagement in activities, ethnicity, genetic profile, parents, socioeconomic status, and relative age. Thus, in addition to RAEs and alternative group banding strategies, Birth Advantages and the Relative Age Effect in Youth Sport also examines the role of additional birth advantages and socio-environmental factors that young athletes may experience in organized youth sport. Drawing from both empirical research and practical examples, this book comprises of three core sections: (a) organizational structures, (b) group banding strategies, and (c) socio-environmental factors. Overall, this book broadens our understanding of the methodological, contextual, and practical considerations within organizational structures in sport to create more appropriate settings, as well as striving to make positive, impactful change to lived youth sport experiences. This book will be of vital reading to academics, researchers, and key stakeholders of sports coaching, athlete development, and youth sport, as well as the other related disciplines"--

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