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Alive, fresh, and stimulating, the theme of The Double comprises the issues of identity, narcissism, and the fear of death--actually the core of human existence. Rank's book is primarily a study of the double as it appeared in striking examples in German, French, Russian, English, and American literature from Goethe to Oscar Wilde.

Multiple personality. --- Alternating personality --- Consciousness, Multiple --- DID (Personality disorder) --- Dissociated personality --- Dissociative identity disorder --- Double consciousness --- Double personality --- Dual personality --- MPD (Personality disorder) --- Multiple consciousness --- Multiple identity disorder --- Multiple personalities --- Multiple personality disorder --- Personality, Multiple --- Split personality --- Dissociative disorders

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Just as the prevalence of incest and child sexual abuse was a well-kept secret until recently, the phenomenon of multiple personality disorder (MPD) - recently re-labelled dissociative identity disorder [DID] - has been minimized. In her practice as a psychologist, Margo Rivera has found this to be no coincidence. Confirming that the root of most severe dissociative conditions lies in severe trauma, most commonly child abuse, Rivera first discusses the general historical and social contexts of dissociation and proceeds through clinical theory, case vignettes, and recorded personal experience to provide practical guidance to assessment and treatment. Rivera covers such topics as 'therapeutic frame, ' 'transference and countertransference, ' and how to understand and make use of these concepts. She discusses the controversies around 'False Memory Syndrome' and ritual abuse, issues which currently divide professionals treating trauma survivors. Rivera makes a unique contribution to the treatment of lesbian and gay abuse survivors. She theorizes that all sexuality is a social construct, subject to change over an individual's lifetime, a reality that is nowhere more clear than in those with MPD who may experience themselves as alternately heterosexual female, homosexual male, lesbian, and heterosexual male. Insightful and provocative, this important therapeutic guide will be of interest to professionals who treat trauma survivors as well as to their clients.

Multiple personality --- Alternating personality --- Consciousness, Multiple --- DID (Personality disorder) --- Dissociated personality --- Dissociative identity disorder --- Double consciousness --- Double personality --- Dual personality --- MPD (Personality disorder) --- Multiple consciousness --- Multiple identity disorder --- Multiple personalities --- Multiple personality disorder --- Personality, Multiple --- Split personality --- Dissociative disorders --- Treatment. --- Psychoanalyse --- Klinische beschouwingen.

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For more than a hundred years, dissociative states, sometimes referred to as multiple personality disorder, have fascinated the public as well as scientists. The precise nature of this disorder is a controversial one, dividing clinicians, theorists, and researchers. Challenging the conventional wisdom on all sides, Robert Rieber’s Bifurcation of the Self traces the clinical and social history of dissociation in a provocative examination of this widely debated phenomenon. At the core of this history is a trio of related evolutions—hypnosis, concepts of identity, and dissociation—beginning with nineteenth-century "hysterics" and culminating in the modern boom in Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) diagnoses and the parallel rise in childhood abuse/repressed memory cases. Rieber does not argue the non-existence of DID; rather he asserts that it is a rare disorder exaggerated by dissociation advocates and exploited by the media. In doing so, he takes on some of the most difficult questions in the field: How crucial is memory to a person’s identity? Can two or more autonomous personalities actually exist in the same body? If trauma causes dissociation, why aren’t there more DID cases? Why are DID cases prevalent in some eras but not in others? Does dissociative disorder belong in the DSM? The book is rigorously illustrated with two centuries’ worth of famous cases including Christine Beauchamp, Ansel Bourne, Eve Black/Eve White, and most notably the woman known as "Sybil", whose story is covered in depth with newly revealed manuscripts. And Rieber reviews the current state of DID-related controversy, from the professionals who feel that the condition is underreported to those who consider it a form of malingering, so that readers may draw their own conclusions.

Multiple personality --- Dissociative disorders --- Hypnotism. --- History. --- Schreiber, Flora Rheta. --- Wilbur, C. B. --- Dorsett, Sybil. --- Autosuggestion --- Braidism --- Hypnosis --- Trance --- Animal magnetism --- Mesmerism --- DDs (Psychology) --- Disorders, Dissociative --- Dissociation (Psychology) --- Psychology, Pathological --- Alternating personality --- Consciousness, Multiple --- DID (Personality disorder) --- Dissociated personality --- Dissociative identity disorder --- Double consciousness --- Double personality --- Dual personality --- MPD (Personality disorder) --- Multiple consciousness --- Multiple identity disorder --- Multiple personalities --- Multiple personality disorder --- Personality, Multiple --- Split personality --- Wilbur, Cornelia B.

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False memory syndrome --- Multiple personality --- Alternating personality --- Consciousness, Multiple --- DID (Personality disorder) --- Dissociated personality --- Dissociative identity disorder --- Double consciousness --- Double personality --- Dual personality --- MPD (Personality disorder) --- Multiple consciousness --- Multiple identity disorder --- Multiple personalities --- Multiple personality disorder --- Personality, Multiple --- Split personality --- Dissociative disorders --- False memories --- Memories, False --- Memory, False --- Iatrogenic diseases --- Psychiatric errors --- Syndromes --- Recovered memory --- False memory syndrome. --- Multiple Personality. --- Persoonlijkheidspsychologie --- persoonlijkheidsstoornissen --- persoonlijkheidsstoornissen. --- Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen. --- Multiple Personality --- Hypnosis --- Repression, Psychology --- Dissociative Identity Disorder --- Mind-Body Therapies --- Psychotherapy --- Defense Mechanisms --- Dissociative Disorders --- Mental Disorders --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Complementary Therapies --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Therapeutics --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Psychiatry - General --- Psychiatry --- Health & Biological Sciences

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Twenty-five years ago one could list by name the tiny number of multiple personalities recorded in the history of Western medicine, but today hundreds of people receive treatment for dissociative disorders in every sizable town in North America. Clinicians, backed by a grassroots movement of patients and therapists, find child sexual abuse to be the primary cause of the illness, while critics accuse the "MPD" community of fostering false memories of childhood trauma. Here the distinguished philosopher Ian Hacking uses the MPD epidemic and its links with the contemporary concept of child abuse to scrutinize today's moral and political climate, especially our power struggles about memory and our efforts to cope with psychological injuries. What is it like to suffer from multiple personality? Most diagnosed patients are women: why does gender matter? How does defining an illness affect the behavior of those who suffer from it? And, more generally, how do systems of knowledge about kinds of people interact with the people who are known about? Answering these and similar questions, Hacking explores the development of the modern multiple personality movement. He then turns to a fascinating series of historical vignettes about an earlier wave of multiples, people who were diagnosed as new ways of thinking about memory emerged, particularly in France, toward the end of the nineteenth century. Fervently occupied with the study of hypnotism, hysteria, sleepwalking, and fugue, scientists of this period aimed to take the soul away from the religious sphere. What better way to do this than to make memory a surrogate for the soul and then subject it to empirical investigation? Made possible by these nineteenth-century developments, the current outbreak of dissociative disorders is embedded in new political settings. Rewriting the Soul concludes with a powerful analysis linking historical and contemporary material in a fresh contribution to the archaeology of knowledge. As Foucault once identified a politics that centers on the body and another that classifies and organizes the human population, Hacking has now provided a masterful description of the politics of memory : the scientizing of the soul and the wounds it can receive.

Memory -- Social aspects. --- Multiple personality -- History. --- Multiple personality -- Philosophy. --- Multiple personality -- Social aspects. --- Soul -- Psychological aspects. --- Multiple personality --- Memory --- Soul --- Learning --- Dissociative Disorders --- Humanities --- Mental Processes --- Mental Disorders --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Philosophy --- Multiple Personality Disorder --- Psychiatry --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Psychiatric Disorders, Individual --- Social aspects --- History --- Psychological aspects --- Philosophy. --- Social aspects. --- History. --- Psychological aspects. --- Pneuma --- Alternating personality --- Consciousness, Multiple --- DID (Personality disorder) --- Dissociated personality --- Dissociative identity disorder --- Double consciousness --- Double personality --- Dual personality --- MPD (Personality disorder) --- Multiple consciousness --- Multiple identity disorder --- Multiple personalities --- Multiple personality disorder --- Personality, Multiple --- Split personality --- Retention (Psychology) --- -Multiple personality --- Dissociative disorders --- -Future life --- Future life --- Philosophical anthropology --- Theological anthropology --- Animism --- Spirit --- Intellect --- Psychology --- Thought and thinking --- Comprehension --- Executive functions (Neuropsychology) --- Mnemonics --- Perseveration (Psychology) --- Reproduction (Psychology) --- Cognitive psychology --- Multiple Persönlichkeit --- Gedächtnis --- Seele --- Philosophie --- Humans --- Memory (Mental processes) --- Human beings