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La biodisponibilité, concept clé et pourtant encore mal compris par la communauté scientifique, est au coeur de nombreuses recherches actuelles. Ce travail de fin d’études a pour objectif de progresser dans la compréhension de la biodisponibilité des éléments traces métalliques et de comparer différentes méthodes pour la mesurer. Les techniques utilisées sont les extractions chimiques, la DGT et le RHIZOtest. L’analyse comparative a été mise en place sur 15 sols présentant un large gradient de pollution en Cd, Cu, Pb et Zn. L’évaluation des mesures a notamment été effectuée sur base de modèles de prédiction de la biodisponibilité des ETM dans le chou cabus. Les résultats montrent une grande variabilité de la biodisponibilité selon la mesure, l’ETM et les propriétés du sol. Le meilleur indicateur de la biodisponibilité varie selon l’ETM étudié. Les modèles d’ajustement de la biodisponibilité donnent de bonnes prédictions en comparaison à la plupart des essais de modélisation présents dans la littérature. Ces résultats restent cependant insuffisants. La modélisation de la biodisponibilité indique également que les caractéristiques physico-chimiques permettent d’améliorer significativement les prédictions. Finalement, ce travail conclut sur l’incapacité des outils RHIZOtest et DGT à apporter une plus value évidente pour la mesure de la biodisponibilité.
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Soil contamination has been identified as one of the main threats to soil, inducing the degradation of global soils and driving long-term losses of the ecosystem services that they provide. As a result of human activities, the amount of soil contamination caused by heavy metal(loid)s has severely increased over the last few decades and has become a worldwide environmental issue that has attracted considerable public attention. Although many research efforts have highlighted how soil contamination is a global threat and provided an overview of the importance of healthy soil, there is still a great need for additional information from different regions around the world, and concrete strategies, which can be implemented to address the causes and impacts of this major threat, urgently need to be developed. In this context, this book was launched with the scope of bringing together articles presenting the development of novel science-based methods and applications that enhance the remediation of contaminated soil by focusing on the identification of the main sources of soil contamination caused by heavy metal(loid)s (HM)/potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in different soil types; the chemistry, potential mobility, and bioavailability of the contaminants that are commonly found in contaminated soils; the assessment of the negative impacts and risks associated with HM/PTE-induced soil contamination on crop yields; soil biota, food security, and human health; and the available methods and strategies for monitoring, assessing, and remediating soils that have been contaminated by HM/PTEs.
Research & information: general --- PTE --- anthropogenic soils --- Technosols --- trace elements --- heavy metals --- urban agriculture --- heavy metal availability --- enrichment factor --- redox --- biochar --- cadmium --- lead --- contaminated paddy soil --- short- and long-term mechanisms --- ACC deaminase --- heavy metal stress --- PGPR --- fertilizers --- nutrients --- yield --- selenium --- acid soils --- alkaline soils --- adsorption --- desorption --- Freundlich --- Langmuir --- Mediterranean soils --- vehicular emissions --- road age --- diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) --- metal dissociation time (Tc) --- wheat assay --- optimised linear model --- biochar application rates --- metal accumulation --- nitrogen --- ryegrass --- PTE --- anthropogenic soils --- Technosols --- trace elements --- heavy metals --- urban agriculture --- heavy metal availability --- enrichment factor --- redox --- biochar --- cadmium --- lead --- contaminated paddy soil --- short- and long-term mechanisms --- ACC deaminase --- heavy metal stress --- PGPR --- fertilizers --- nutrients --- yield --- selenium --- acid soils --- alkaline soils --- adsorption --- desorption --- Freundlich --- Langmuir --- Mediterranean soils --- vehicular emissions --- road age --- diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) --- metal dissociation time (Tc) --- wheat assay --- optimised linear model --- biochar application rates --- metal accumulation --- nitrogen --- ryegrass
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Soil contamination has been identified as one of the main threats to soil, inducing the degradation of global soils and driving long-term losses of the ecosystem services that they provide. As a result of human activities, the amount of soil contamination caused by heavy metal(loid)s has severely increased over the last few decades and has become a worldwide environmental issue that has attracted considerable public attention. Although many research efforts have highlighted how soil contamination is a global threat and provided an overview of the importance of healthy soil, there is still a great need for additional information from different regions around the world, and concrete strategies, which can be implemented to address the causes and impacts of this major threat, urgently need to be developed. In this context, this book was launched with the scope of bringing together articles presenting the development of novel science-based methods and applications that enhance the remediation of contaminated soil by focusing on the identification of the main sources of soil contamination caused by heavy metal(loid)s (HM)/potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in different soil types; the chemistry, potential mobility, and bioavailability of the contaminants that are commonly found in contaminated soils; the assessment of the negative impacts and risks associated with HM/PTE-induced soil contamination on crop yields; soil biota, food security, and human health; and the available methods and strategies for monitoring, assessing, and remediating soils that have been contaminated by HM/PTEs.
Research & information: general --- PTE --- anthropogenic soils --- Technosols --- trace elements --- heavy metals --- urban agriculture --- heavy metal availability --- enrichment factor --- redox --- biochar --- cadmium --- lead --- contaminated paddy soil --- short- and long-term mechanisms --- ACC deaminase --- heavy metal stress --- PGPR --- fertilizers --- nutrients --- yield --- selenium --- acid soils --- alkaline soils --- adsorption --- desorption --- Freundlich --- Langmuir --- Mediterranean soils --- vehicular emissions --- road age --- diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) --- metal dissociation time (Tc) --- wheat assay --- optimised linear model --- biochar application rates --- metal accumulation --- nitrogen --- ryegrass --- n/a
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Soil contamination has been identified as one of the main threats to soil, inducing the degradation of global soils and driving long-term losses of the ecosystem services that they provide. As a result of human activities, the amount of soil contamination caused by heavy metal(loid)s has severely increased over the last few decades and has become a worldwide environmental issue that has attracted considerable public attention. Although many research efforts have highlighted how soil contamination is a global threat and provided an overview of the importance of healthy soil, there is still a great need for additional information from different regions around the world, and concrete strategies, which can be implemented to address the causes and impacts of this major threat, urgently need to be developed. In this context, this book was launched with the scope of bringing together articles presenting the development of novel science-based methods and applications that enhance the remediation of contaminated soil by focusing on the identification of the main sources of soil contamination caused by heavy metal(loid)s (HM)/potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in different soil types; the chemistry, potential mobility, and bioavailability of the contaminants that are commonly found in contaminated soils; the assessment of the negative impacts and risks associated with HM/PTE-induced soil contamination on crop yields; soil biota, food security, and human health; and the available methods and strategies for monitoring, assessing, and remediating soils that have been contaminated by HM/PTEs.
PTE --- anthropogenic soils --- Technosols --- trace elements --- heavy metals --- urban agriculture --- heavy metal availability --- enrichment factor --- redox --- biochar --- cadmium --- lead --- contaminated paddy soil --- short- and long-term mechanisms --- ACC deaminase --- heavy metal stress --- PGPR --- fertilizers --- nutrients --- yield --- selenium --- acid soils --- alkaline soils --- adsorption --- desorption --- Freundlich --- Langmuir --- Mediterranean soils --- vehicular emissions --- road age --- diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) --- metal dissociation time (Tc) --- wheat assay --- optimised linear model --- biochar application rates --- metal accumulation --- nitrogen --- ryegrass --- n/a
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De mai à juillet 2019 se tient le procès France Télécom - Orange. Sept dirigeants sont accusés d'avoir organisé la maltraitance de leurs salariés. Parfois jusqu'à la mort. On les interroge longuement, leur fait expliquer beaucoup. Rien à faire : ils ne voient pas le problème. Le P-DG a un seul regret : " Cette histoire de suicides, c'est terrible, ils ont gâché la fête. " Il y avait donc une fête ? Parlons-nous la même langue ?
Épuisement professionnel. --- Employees --- Job stress --- Suicidal behavior --- France. --- France Télécom --- Personnel management. --- Job stress. --- Suicidal behavior. --- Direction du personnel. --- Stress lié au travail. --- Suicide lié au travail. --- Occupational stress --- On-the-job stress --- Organizational stress --- Stress in the workplace --- Work stress --- Workplace stress --- Psychology, Industrial --- Stress (Physiology) --- Stress (Psychology) --- Work --- Laborers --- Personnel --- Workers --- Persons --- Industrial relations --- Personnel management --- Physiological aspects --- Psychological aspects --- P.T.T.-Télécommunications --- PTT-Télécommunications --- DGT --- D.G.T. --- TELECOM --- France TELECOM --- France TELECOM international --- France Télécom --- Épuisement professionnel --- Direction du personnel --- Stress lié au travail --- Suicide lié au travail --- Stress lié au travail. --- Suicide lié au travail. --- Épuisement professionnel. --- Orange (entreprise)
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