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DETERRENCE (STRATEGY) --- OFFENSIVE (MILITARY SCIENCE) --- DEFENSIVE (MILITARY SCIENCE)

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Defensive (Military science) --- NATO. --- Europe --- Germany (West) --- Defenses. --- Military policy.

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This report presents an examination of the reorientation in Soviet operational concepts for fighting a conventional war in Europe brought on by changes in their military doctrine between 1987 and 1989. The Soviet military's new concepts for large-scale defensive actions are assessed according to three analytical criteria: the role of reserves and second echelons, use of fire assets, and the balance between positional and maneuver forms of combat. In so doing, this study endeavors to determine whether and to what extent the emerging Soviet strategy for the initial period of a war is unambiguously "defensive." Next, concepts for the counteroffensive phase are assessed, with an emphasis on the indeterminacy and vagueness apparent in current discussions by Soviet theorists. The authors focus heavily on the linkage between political exigencies and the General Staff's deliberations, and emphasize the role of Soviet threat assessments in the current evolution of military art. Military Thought, the General Staff's theoretical journal, is the primary source for this study.

Military doctrine --- Defensive (Military science) --- Offensive (Military science)

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Defence Planning as Strategic Fact provides and elaborates on an "upstream" focus on the variegated organizational, political and conceptual practices of military, civilian administrative and political leaderships involved in defence planning, offering an important security and strategic studies supplement to the traditional "downstream" focus on the use of force. The book enables the reader to engage with the role of ideas in defence planning, of organizational processes and biases, path dependencies and administrative dynamics under the pressures of continuously changing domestic and international constraints. The chapters show how defence planning must be seen as a constitutive element of defence and strategic studies - that it is a strategic fact of its own which merits particular practical and scholarly attention. As defence planning creates the conditions behind every peace upheld or broken and every war won or lost, Defence Planning as Strategic Fact will be of great use to scholars of defence studies, strategic studies, and military studies. This book was originally published as a special issue of Defence Studies.

STRATEGY --- DEFENSIVE (MILITARY SCIENCE) --- MILITARY POLICY --- DEFENSE PLANNING

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Security --- Security --- Defensive (Military science) --- Defensive (Military science) --- Sécurité --- Sécurité --- Défensive (Politique militaire) --- Défensive (Politique militaire) --- Fondation pour la recherche stratégique