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Resistant hypertension is defined as blood pressure that remains above goal in spite of concu rrent use of three antihypertensive agents of different classes, one of which should be a diuretic. According to the American Heart Association (AHA), patients whose blood pressure is controlled with four or moremed ications are considered to have resistant hypertension as well. The prevalence of resistant hypertension varies between 3 and 30 %. Because the treatment of this subset of hypertensive patients is difficu lt, alternatives strategies have emerged. The aim of our study was to establish the proportion of patients eligible for renal denervation and the reasons of non eligibility.Methods:After the medical records of 99 patients have been analysed, the data were classified into several categories: general characteristics, analysis of antihypertensive treatment during the first visit to the hypertension cli nic and eventually eligibility criteria.Results:42,4% of the patients were considered as eligible according to the Symplicity HTN-2 criteria (El), 28,5% according to our own criteria (E2). The main reasons of non eligibility ( 5%) were: (1) blood pressure controlled after drug treatment adjustment, includ ing (42%) or not (21%) low-dose spironolactone ; (2) anatomical reasons: inadequate diameter (<4 m m) and/or length (<20 mm) of the renal arteries (20%) ;(3) altered renal function (18%) ; (4) white coat resistant hypertension (14,5%) ; (5) elderly patients (>75 years) and/or frailty (geriatric profile) (11.3%) ; (6) renal artery stenting (6,7%) ; significant renal artery stenosis (5%).Conclusion: Renal denervation should be restricted to patients with tru ly resistant hypertension , whose blood pressure remai ns inadequately controlled despite skilful treatment adjustment i n an expert centre, in the absence of contra-indications to the proced ure (inadequate anatomy of the renal arteries, renal function severely impaired, age, ...), preferably in a research context. As we have shown, this approach only concerns a small proportion of hypertensive patients. Future studies should be focused on identification of the determinants of blood pressure response to rena l denervation, thus helping to further improve patients' selection. L'hypertension artérielle résistante est définie comme une tension artérielle demeurant supérieure aux objectifs fixés malgré l'utilisation concomitante d'au moins 3 médicaments antihypertenseurs de classes thérapeutiques différentes. Le traitement méd icamenteux doit inclure un diurétique et les dosesadministrées doivent être optimales. Selon l'American Heart Association (AHA), les patients contrôlés par la prescription de 4 médicaments antihypertenseurs ou plus à des doses optimales sont également considérés com me résistants. La prévalence de l'hypertension artérielle résistante va rie entre 3 et 30%. Le traitement de ces patients étant difficile, des stratégies alternatives telles que la dénervation rénale ont vu le jour. Le but de notre étude est de définir la proportion de patients éligibles en vue d'une dénervation rénale et les causes de non-éligibilité.Méthodes: Les données recueillies lors de l'analyse des dossiers de 99 patients ont été réparties en plusieurs catégories :caractéristiques générales, analyse du traitement antihypertenseur lors de la première visite en consultation spécialisée et enfin critères d'éligibilité à proprement parler.Résultats :42,4% des patients étaient éligibles selon les critères de l'étude Symplicity HTN-2 (El), 28,3% l'étaient selon nos propres critères d'étude (E2). Les principales causes de non éligibilité (?: 5%) étaient: (1) l'obtention d'u n contrôle tensionnel satisfaisant après ajustement du traitement médical, comprenant (42%) ou non (21%) l'ajout de faibles doses de spironolactone ; (2) des raisons anatomiques telles qu'un diamètre (< 4 mm) et/ou u ne longueur (<20 mm) des artères rénales insuffisa nt(s) (20%) ; (3) une altération substantielle de la fonction rénale (18%) ; (4) la présence d'une hypertension de la blouse blanche (14,5%) ; (5) l'âge avancé des patients (>75 ans) et/ou leu r fragilité (profil gériatrique)(11,3%) ; (6) les antécédents de pose de stent dans les artères rénales (6,7%) ; la présence d'une sténose des artères rénales (5%).Conclusions : La dénervation rénale doit être réservée à des patients hypertendus essentiels vraiment résistants, ne présentant pas de contre-indication à la procédure (anatomie inadéquate des artères rénales, fonction rénale sévèrement altérée, âge avancé,...), dont l'hypertension artérielle reste insuffisamment contrôlée malgré tous les efforts d'ajustement du traitement antihypertenseur dans u n centre expert, de préférence dans un contexte de recherche. Comme nous l 'avons montré, cette approche ne concerne donc qu'une faible proportion de patients hypertendus. Les études ultérieures devraient permettre d'identifier les déterminants de la réponse à la dénervation rénale et ainsi d'améliorer encore la sélection des patients.
Hypertension, Renal --- Hypertension, Renal --- Denervation --- Sympathectomy
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Sympathetic overactivity is associated with the development of hypertension. Renal denervation (RDN) prevents or delays hypertension in a variety of animal models, which laid the groundwork for the introduction of RDN as a clinical therapy in humans. In 2007, a novel, minimally invasive RDN ablation catheter was first trialled in hypertensive patients, with a 93% success rate of lowering blood pressure for at least three years post-RDN. However, a large scale, sham-controlled clinical trial (Symplicity HTN -3) failed to show reductions in BP greater than sham. The aim of this research topic was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RDN, to explore the contribution of both afferent and efferent renal nerve activity to hypertension and non-hypertension disorders, and to stimulate future research to better understand the function of the renal nerves and the effects of RDN by highlighting gaps in knowledge.
atherosclerosis --- heart failure --- renal denervation --- renal sympathetic nerves --- kidney disease --- hypertension --- atherosclerosis --- heart failure --- renal denervation --- renal sympathetic nerves --- kidney disease --- hypertension
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Sympathetic overactivity is associated with the development of hypertension. Renal denervation (RDN) prevents or delays hypertension in a variety of animal models, which laid the groundwork for the introduction of RDN as a clinical therapy in humans. In 2007, a novel, minimally invasive RDN ablation catheter was first trialled in hypertensive patients, with a 93% success rate of lowering blood pressure for at least three years post-RDN. However, a large scale, sham-controlled clinical trial (Symplicity HTN -3) failed to show reductions in BP greater than sham. The aim of this research topic was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RDN, to explore the contribution of both afferent and efferent renal nerve activity to hypertension and non-hypertension disorders, and to stimulate future research to better understand the function of the renal nerves and the effects of RDN by highlighting gaps in knowledge.
atherosclerosis --- heart failure --- renal denervation --- renal sympathetic nerves --- kidney disease --- hypertension
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Sympathetic overactivity is associated with the development of hypertension. Renal denervation (RDN) prevents or delays hypertension in a variety of animal models, which laid the groundwork for the introduction of RDN as a clinical therapy in humans. In 2007, a novel, minimally invasive RDN ablation catheter was first trialled in hypertensive patients, with a 93% success rate of lowering blood pressure for at least three years post-RDN. However, a large scale, sham-controlled clinical trial (Symplicity HTN -3) failed to show reductions in BP greater than sham. The aim of this research topic was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RDN, to explore the contribution of both afferent and efferent renal nerve activity to hypertension and non-hypertension disorders, and to stimulate future research to better understand the function of the renal nerves and the effects of RDN by highlighting gaps in knowledge.
atherosclerosis --- heart failure --- renal denervation --- renal sympathetic nerves --- kidney disease --- hypertension
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Denervation --- Heart Conduction System --- Heart Rate --- Antipsychotic Agents --- Heart --- drug effects --- drug effects --- pharmacology --- innervation
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This book examines renal pathophysiology and the rationale for renal denervation (RDN), a minimally invasive, endovascular catheter based procedure using radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of resistant hypertension, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in western civilization. In addition, the possible long term benefits and risks of this new therapy are discussed together with a description of the myriad of currently available devices and approaches involved in the evolution of this treatment. Lastly, the book focuses on the cost effectiveness of renal denervation and future directions for other possible benefits. Written by world renowned leaders in the field, Renal Denervation will be of immediate use to cardiologists, nephrologists and urologists as well as allied health professionals, device companies and anyone working in this field. .
Medicine & Public Health. --- Cardiology. --- Nephrology. --- Interventional Radiology. --- Medicine. --- Interventional radiology. --- Médecine --- Radiologie interventionnelle --- Cardiologie --- Néphrologie --- Hypertension, Renal -- Diagnosis. --- Renal hypertension -- Treatment. --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Hypertension --- Denervation. --- Treatment. --- Blood pressure, High --- High blood pressure --- Vascular hypertension --- Nervous system --- Blood circulation disorders --- Surgery --- Radiology, Interventional --- Medical radiology --- Therapeutics --- Internal medicine --- Kidneys --- Heart --- Diseases --- Interventional radiology .
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Conduction anesthesia --- Denervation --- Anesthesia --- Neurologic Manifestations --- Sensation --- Investigative Techniques --- Signs and Symptoms --- Neurosurgical Procedures --- Nervous System Physiological Processes --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Psychophysiology --- Anesthesia and Analgesia --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Nervous System Diseases --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Diseases --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomena --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Nerve Block --- Pain --- Anesthesia, Conduction --- Methods
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