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The increasing cyber connectivity of vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure will drastically reshape mobility in the coming decades. Although the advent of connected mobility is expected to benefit travelers and society by smoothing traffic, improving rider convenience, and reducing accidents, the augmented cyber components in connected and autonomous vehicles and related infrastructure also give rise to cyber attacks on the transportation system. Yet, little attention has been paid to transportation cyber resilience. This paper thus proposes an investigation on this topic with a comprehensive literature review. Cyber components and plausible autonomous mobility systems operation scenarios are discussed, before identifying possible cyber attacks to autonomous mobility systems at the vehicle and system levels. The discussion then moves to existing practices to enhance cybersecurity, and several strategies are investigated toward enhancing autonomous mobility system cyber resilience. At the vehicle level, creating layers and separation to reduce cyber component connectivity and deploying an independent procedure for data collection and processing are important in vehicle design and manufacturing. At the system level, recommended strategies include keeping redundancy in transportation capacity, maintaining a separate road network, and deploying different sub-autonomous mobility systems.

Autonomous Mobility System --- Autonomous Vehicle --- Cyber Attack --- Cyber Resilience --- ICT Applications --- Information and Communication Technologies --- Information Technology --- Roads and Highways --- Science and Technology Development --- Technology Innovation --- Traffic Accidents --- Transport --- Transportation System

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This book presents valuable research results in the challenging field of systems (cyber)security. It is a reprint of the Information (MDPI, Basel) - Special Issue (SI) on Advanced Topics in Systems Safety and Security. The competitive review process of MDPI journals guarantees the quality of the presented concepts and results. The SI comprises high-quality papers focused on cutting-edge research topics in cybersecurity of computer networks and industrial control systems. The contributions presented in this book are mainly the extended versions of selected papers presented at the 7th and the 8th editions of the International Workshop on Systems Safety and Security—IWSSS. These two editions took place in Romania in 2019 and respectively in 2020. In addition to the selected papers from IWSSS, the special issue includes other valuable and relevant contributions. The papers included in this reprint discuss various subjects ranging from cyberattack or criminal activities detection, evaluation of the attacker skills, modeling of the cyber-attacks, and mobile application security evaluation. Given this diversity of topics and the scientific level of papers, we consider this book a valuable reference for researchers in the security and safety of systems.

Technology: general issues --- industrial control safety --- attack quantification --- common vulnerability scoring system --- attack tree --- distribution automation system --- Command and Control Citizen Security Center --- Command and Control Information System (C2IS) --- crime detection --- homeland security --- Android applications --- multi-threading --- operational semantics --- reverse engineering --- Smali+ --- cyber attack --- attacker --- attacker profile --- attacker behaviour --- metrics --- features --- attributes --- intelligent data analysis --- attack forecasting --- comparative review --- alert correlation --- attack evaluation --- attacker skill level --- attack prediction --- attack projection --- early-stage detection --- Bayesian network --- industrial control safety --- attack quantification --- common vulnerability scoring system --- attack tree --- distribution automation system --- Command and Control Citizen Security Center --- Command and Control Information System (C2IS) --- crime detection --- homeland security --- Android applications --- multi-threading --- operational semantics --- reverse engineering --- Smali+ --- cyber attack --- attacker --- attacker profile --- attacker behaviour --- metrics --- features --- attributes --- intelligent data analysis --- attack forecasting --- comparative review --- alert correlation --- attack evaluation --- attacker skill level --- attack prediction --- attack projection --- early-stage detection --- Bayesian network

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This book presents valuable research results in the challenging field of systems (cyber)security. It is a reprint of the Information (MDPI, Basel) - Special Issue (SI) on Advanced Topics in Systems Safety and Security. The competitive review process of MDPI journals guarantees the quality of the presented concepts and results. The SI comprises high-quality papers focused on cutting-edge research topics in cybersecurity of computer networks and industrial control systems. The contributions presented in this book are mainly the extended versions of selected papers presented at the 7th and the 8th editions of the International Workshop on Systems Safety and Security—IWSSS. These two editions took place in Romania in 2019 and respectively in 2020. In addition to the selected papers from IWSSS, the special issue includes other valuable and relevant contributions. The papers included in this reprint discuss various subjects ranging from cyberattack or criminal activities detection, evaluation of the attacker skills, modeling of the cyber-attacks, and mobile application security evaluation. Given this diversity of topics and the scientific level of papers, we consider this book a valuable reference for researchers in the security and safety of systems.

industrial control safety --- attack quantification --- common vulnerability scoring system --- attack tree --- distribution automation system --- Command and Control Citizen Security Center --- Command and Control Information System (C2IS) --- crime detection --- homeland security --- Android applications --- multi-threading --- operational semantics --- reverse engineering --- Smali+ --- cyber attack --- attacker --- attacker profile --- attacker behaviour --- metrics --- features --- attributes --- intelligent data analysis --- attack forecasting --- comparative review --- alert correlation --- attack evaluation --- attacker skill level --- attack prediction --- attack projection --- early-stage detection --- Bayesian network

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Modern societies demand high and varied mobility, which in turn requires a complex transport system adapted to social needs that guarantees the movement of people and goods in an economically efficient and safe way, but all are subject to a new environmental rationality and the new logic of the paradigm of sustainability. From this perspective, an efficient and flexible transport system that provides intelligent and sustainable mobility patterns is essential to our economy and our quality of life. The current transport system poses growing and significant challenges for the environment, human health, and sustainability, while current mobility schemes have focused much more on the private vehicle that has conditioned both the lifestyles of citizens and cities, as well as urban and territorial sustainability. Transport has a very considerable weight in the framework of sustainable development due to environmental pressures, associated social and economic effects, and interrelations with other sectors. The continuous growth that this sector has experienced over the last few years and its foreseeable increase, even considering the change in trends due to the current situation of generalized crisis, make the challenge of sustainable transport a strategic priority at local, national, European, and global levels. This Special Issue will pay attention to all those research approaches focused on the relationship between evolution in the area of transport with a high incidence in the environment from the perspective of efficiency.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Environmental science, engineering & technology --- optimization models --- timetable --- passenger waiting time --- vehicle occupancy ratio --- intelligent transportation systems --- demand prediction --- taxi recommendation --- vehicle social network --- ride-hailing --- urban rail transit (URT) --- exploratory data analysis (EDA) --- data envelopment analysis (DEA) --- sustainable transport systems --- intelligent transportation systems (ITS) --- big-data applications --- dynamic bus travel time prediction --- wide and deep --- data fusion --- attention --- recurrent neural network --- deep neural networks --- intelligent transportation --- railway --- CPS --- security --- safety --- critical infrastructure --- carsharing --- data analysis --- delays --- demand --- public transit --- taxi --- complex network analysis --- centrality measures --- network robustness --- ridership patterns --- clustering analysis --- passenger flow --- Barcelona underground --- artificial intelligence --- Big Data analytics --- forecasting systems --- recommender system --- Fintech --- passenger traffic --- artificial neural network --- regression analysis --- reputation algorithm --- users' reputation --- transport --- software application --- deep learning --- energy consumption --- sustainable cities --- transfer learning --- wastewater treatment plants --- unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) --- multi-objective optimization --- integer programming --- GLPK --- variable neighborhood search --- search and rescue --- learning recommender system --- learning object --- learning videos --- content-based --- collaborative filtering --- users' profiling --- data extraction --- natural language processing --- mapping application --- time series forecasting --- HTM --- regression --- machine intelligence --- cyber-attack detection --- IoT --- trust --- energy trading --- trusted negotiations --- optimization models --- timetable --- passenger waiting time --- vehicle occupancy ratio --- intelligent transportation systems --- demand prediction --- taxi recommendation --- vehicle social network --- ride-hailing --- urban rail transit (URT) --- exploratory data analysis (EDA) --- data envelopment analysis (DEA) --- sustainable transport systems --- intelligent transportation systems (ITS) --- big-data applications --- dynamic bus travel time prediction --- wide and deep --- data fusion --- attention --- recurrent neural network --- deep neural networks --- intelligent transportation --- railway --- CPS --- security --- safety --- critical infrastructure --- carsharing --- data analysis --- delays --- demand --- public transit --- taxi --- complex network analysis --- centrality measures --- network robustness --- ridership patterns --- clustering analysis --- passenger flow --- Barcelona underground --- artificial intelligence --- Big Data analytics --- forecasting systems --- recommender system --- Fintech --- passenger traffic --- artificial neural network --- regression analysis --- reputation algorithm --- users' reputation --- transport --- software application --- deep learning --- energy consumption --- sustainable cities --- transfer learning --- wastewater treatment plants --- unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) --- multi-objective optimization --- integer programming --- GLPK --- variable neighborhood search --- search and rescue --- learning recommender system --- learning object --- learning videos --- content-based --- collaborative filtering --- users' profiling --- data extraction --- natural language processing --- mapping application --- time series forecasting --- HTM --- regression --- machine intelligence --- cyber-attack detection --- IoT --- trust --- energy trading --- trusted negotiations

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This book presents the paper form of the Special Issue (SI) on Smart Urban Water Networks. The number and topics of the papers in the SI confirm the growing interest of operators and researchers for the new paradigm of smart networks, as part of the more general smart city. The SI showed that digital information and communication technology (ICT), with the implementation of smart meters and other digital devices, can significantly improve the modelling and the management of urban water networks, contributing to a radical transformation of the traditional paradigm of water utilities. The paper collection in this SI includes different crucial topics such as the reliability, resilience, and performance of water networks, innovative demand management, and the novel challenge of real-time control and operation, along with their implications for cyber-security. The SI collected fourteen papers that provide a wide perspective of solutions, trends, and challenges in the contest of smart urban water networks. Some solutions have already been implemented in pilot sites (i.e., for water network partitioning, cyber-security, and water demand disaggregation and forecasting), while further investigations are required for other methods, e.g., the data-driven approaches for real time control. In all cases, a new deal between academia, industry, and governments must be embraced to start the new era of smart urban water systems.

Technology: general issues --- hydraulic modelling --- pressure control valve --- pressure management --- remote real-time control --- stochastic consumption --- water distribution system --- fault identification --- hydraulic transient --- inverse transient analysis (ITA) --- water distribution network --- optimization approach --- water distribution monitoring --- optimal sensor placement --- water network partitioning --- topological centrality --- smart water system --- framework --- smartness --- cyber wellness --- leakage --- sensitivity --- uncertainty --- entropy --- multi-criteria decision-making --- DEMATEL --- clustering --- district metered area --- network sectorization --- smart city --- water quality monitoring --- Internet of Things --- wireless sensor networks --- water treatment plant --- data analytics --- nitrate --- nitrite --- water demand forecasting --- hybrid model --- error correction --- chaotic time series --- least square support vector machine --- cross-correlation --- data spatial aggregation --- finite population effect --- metering --- sample mean --- sampling design --- standard error --- stochastic analysis --- water demand peak factor --- water distribution networks --- comparative analysis --- hydraulic measure --- multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) --- reliability index --- water distribution network (WDN) --- smart stormwater --- machine learning --- cluster analysis --- data science --- flooding detection --- rainwater harvesting --- water trading --- dual reticulation --- decentralized water supply --- agent-based modeling --- urban water management --- urban water consumption --- water demand data --- water data accessibility --- data resolution --- smart meter --- smart water systems --- cyber–physical security --- cyber-security --- cyber–physical attacks --- n/a --- water distribution systems --- cyber-attack detection --- blind sources separation --- FastICA --- cyber-physical security --- cyber-physical attacks