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Cunha, Euclides da,

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Philosophy --- Philosophy, Brazilian --- Philosophie --- Congresses --- Congrès --- Bevilaqua, Clóvis, --- Cunha, Euclides da, --- Lessa, Pedro

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Literature, Modern --- Brazilian literature --- Comparative literature --- Religion and literature --- History and criticism --- History and criticism --- Cunha, Euclides da,

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The massacre of Canudos In 1897 is a pivotal episode in Brazilian social history. Looking at the event through the eyes of the inhabitants, Levine challenges traditional interpretations and gives weight to the fact that most of the Canudenses were of mixed-raced descent and were thus perceived as opponents to progress and civilization. In 1897 Brazilian military forces destroyed the millenarian settlement of Canudos, murdering as many as 35,000 pious rural folk who had taken refuge in the remote northeast backlands of Brazil. Fictionalized in Mario Vargas Llosa's acclaimed novel, War at the End of the World, Canudos is a pivotal episode in Brazilian social history. When looked at through the eyes of the inhabitants of Canudos, however, this historical incident lends itself to a bold new interpretation which challenges the traditional polemics on the subject. While the Canudos movement has been consistently viewed either as a rebellion of crazed fanatics or as a model of proletarian resistance to oppression, Levine deftly demonstrates that it was, in fact, neither. Vale of Tears probes the reasons for the Brazilian ambivalence toward its social history, giving much weight to the fact that most of the Canudenses were of mixed-race descent. They were perceived as opponents to progress and civilization and, by inference, to Brazil's attempts to "whiten" itself. As a result there are major insights to be found here into Brazilians' self-image over the past century.

Millennialism --- NON-CLASSIFIABLE. --- Amillennialism --- Chiliasm --- Millenarianism --- Millennianism --- Postmillennialism --- Premillennialism --- Dispensationalism --- Fundamentalism --- Millennium (Eschatology) --- History --- 19th century --- Brazil. --- Conselheiro, Antônio, --- Cunha, Euclides da, --- Maciel, Antônio Vicente Mendes, --- Mendes Maciel, Antônio Vicente, --- Brazil --- Canudos (Euclides da Cunha, Brazil)

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"The Black Butterfly focuses on the slavery writings of three of Brazil's literary giants--Machado de Assis, Castro Alves, and Euclides da Cunha. These authors wrote in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as Brazil moved into and then through the 1888 abolition of slavery. Assis was Brazil's most experimental novelist; Alves was a Romantic poet with passionate liberationist politics, popularly known as "the poet of the slaves"; and da Cunha is known for the masterpiece Os Sertoes/Sertőes (The Backlands), a work of genius that remains strangely neglected in the scholarship of transatlantic slavery. Wood finds that all three writers responded to the memory of slavery in ways that departed from their counterparts in Europe and North America, where emancipation has typically been depicted as a moment of closure. He ends by setting up a wider literary context for his core authors by introducing a comparative study of their great literary abolitionist predecessors Luis/Luís Gonzaga Pinto da Gama and Joaquim Nabuco. The Black Butterfly is a revolutionary text that insists Brazilian culture has always refused a clean break between slavery and its aftermath. Brazilian slavery thus emerges as a living legacy subject to continual renegotiation and reinvention"-- "The Black Butterfly focuses on the slavery writings of three of Brazil's literary giants--Machado de Assis, Castro Alves, and Euclides da Cunha--from the late nineteenth and early twentieth century"--

Brazilian literature --- Slavery in literature. --- Slavery --- Abolitionists --- Africans --- Blacks --- LITERARY CRITICISM / Caribbean & Latin American. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Slavery. --- History and criticism. --- History. --- Alves, Castro, --- Machado de Assis, --- Cunha, Euclides da, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Ethnology --- Social reformers --- Slavery and slaves in literature --- Slaves in literature --- Cunha, Euclydes da, --- Da Cunha, Euclides, --- Pimenta da Cunha, Euclides Rodrigues, --- Rodrigues Pimenta da Cunha, Euclides, --- Assis, Joaquim Maria Machado de, --- Assis, Machado de, --- De Assis, Joaquim Maria Machado, --- De Assis, Machado, --- Machado de Assis, Joaquim Maria, --- Machado de Assis, Joaquín María, --- Mashado de Assiz, Zhoakin, --- Alves, Antônio de Castro, --- Castro Alves, Antônio Frederico de, --- De Castro Alves, Antônio Frederico, --- Alves, Antônio Frederico de Castro, --- Castro Alves, Antônio de, --- Black persons --- Negroes --- Black people --- Semana --- Enslaved persons in literature