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This Technical Note discusses the findings and recommendations in the Financial Sector Assessment Program for Spain in the areas of bank resolution and crisis management frameworks. The institutional framework in Spain has been strengthened and is more appropriate for managing the resolution process. At the Banking Union level, the Single Supervisory Mechanism is responsible for supervising all significant entities. The Single Resolution Board is the resolution authority for such entities, as well as for cross-border groups. Although the framework for bank resolution is well designed, the system could be enhanced. Recovery planning for Spanish banks is progressing, but further progress is warranted.
Banks and Banking --- Financial Risk Management --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Crisis Management --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Bank resolution framework --- Crisis resolution --- Bank resolution --- Crisis management --- Crisis management framework --- Financial crises --- Bridge bank --- Spain
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This paper is an attempt to identify the determinants of trust between country authorities and IMF staff in the context of an IMF-supported program. Using an outcomes-based definition of trust, a game-theoretic model is developed to compute the level of trust between the two parties. The results and the analysis of trust-related issues emerging in a program context suggest that trust between country authorities and IMF staff exerts a positive impact on the likelihood of program success through its ability to improve the quality of the design, the efficiency of negotiation, and the effectiveness of implementation of an IMF-supported program. Some initiatives to secure such benefits and enhance trust in staff are proposed.
Financial Risk Management --- Macroeconomics --- Taxation --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Institutions and the Macroeconomy --- Public finance & taxation --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Tax incentives --- Crisis resolution --- Structural policies --- Crisis management --- Trust --- Negotiation --- International cooperation. --- Mathematical models. --- International Monetary Fund --- Planning.
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This paper reviews how recent studies of banking crises differ with regard to the dating, length, and costs of the crises. Significant discrepancies in these features suggest the absence of analytical consensus. The data allow an examination of the relation between perceived crisis length, as an index of delay in taking actions to resolve a crisis, and crisis costs. Cross-sectional evidence does not show that the length of a crisis is a significant contributor to its resolution cost. A measure of economic cost, the growth shortfall in the crisis period, shows more evidence of a link.
Banks and Banking --- Financial Risk Management --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Financial Crises --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Banking --- Banking crises --- Financial crises --- Commercial banks --- Crisis resolution --- Financial institutions --- Bank resolution --- Banks and banking --- Crisis management --- United States
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The global financial crisis hit the Netherlands' financial sector hard. This note analyzes the Dutch framework for crisis management and bank resolution, and formulates recommendations to address observed weaknesses. The overall framework for official financial support to stem systemic crisis is appropriate. The current framework for resolving ailing banks in going could be strengthened considerably. The framework for the orderly liquidation of banks could be strengthened and fine-tuned. The deposit guarantee scheme (DGS) has a number of helpful characteristics, but could be significantly enhanced.
Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Financial Risk Management --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation --- Crisis Management --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Banking --- Finance --- Bank resolution --- Bank resolution framework --- Bank liquidation --- Financial sector stability --- Financial crises --- Crisis management --- Crisis resolution --- Banks and banking --- Financial services industry --- Netherlands, The
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This technical note discusses key findings of the assessment of Crisis Management and Bank Resolution Framework for France. The findings reveal that the crisis preparation, crisis identification, and crisis management processes in the supervisory authority (ACP) are comprehensive and well structured. Without having a formal U.S.-type “PCA-regulation,” the ACP identifies weak banks and requests appropriate remedial measures to be taken. The ACP also actively uses the Basel II Pillar 2 instrument to require add-ons on an individual-bank basis to the minimum regulatory capital requirements, reflecting the assessed riskiness of a bank.
Crisis management --- Banks and banking --- Crises --- Management of crises --- Management --- Problem solving --- Conflict management --- Banks and Banking --- Financial Risk Management --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Crisis Management --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Banking --- Bank resolution framework --- Bank resolution --- Deposit insurance --- Bank liquidation --- Financial crises --- Crisis resolution --- France
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This Technical Note analyzes the bank failure mitigation and resolution regime, as well as arrangements for managing a financial crisis, in Luxembourg. The landscape for managing problem banks in Luxembourg has changed fundamentally in recent years. As part of the euro area, Luxembourg is now part of a banking union in which the European Central Bank (ECB) has exclusive authority to directly supervise significant institutions and the Commission for the Supervision of the Financial Sector (CSSF), under the oversight of the ECB, directly supervises less significant institutions. It is recommended that the CSSF increase staffing for resolution and pay attention to potential conflicts of interest in the decision-making process related to supervisory and deposit insurance functions.
Banks and Banking --- Financial Risk Management --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Banking --- Bank resolution framework --- Deposit insurance --- Bank resolution --- Crisis resolution --- Financial crises --- Bridge bank --- Crisis management --- Banks and banking --- Luxembourg
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This technical note on Crisis Management, Resolution, and Safety Nets on Singapore highlights that the resolution tools are well designed, with the exception of bail-in powers; however, steps are still needed to operationalize the resolution plans. The note reviews current practices, considering international best practice principles as outlined in the Financial Stability Board’s Key Attributes for Effective Resolution of Financial Institutions and the International Association of Deposit Insurers’ Core Principles Effective Deposit Insurance Systems. Monetary Authority of Singapore currently develops resolution plans for Domestic Systemically Important Bank only. The resolution plans for each institution must be reviewed for both internal consistency and cross-institutional consistency. Some extension of resolution planning should be considered. The funding arrangements for resolution aim at limiting public sector exposure to loss. Losses will be first borne by equity holders and unsecured subordinated creditors. When additional funds are required, the deposit insurance fund, built by ex-ante premiums from members, can be used to support the resolution of members on an equivalent cost basis.
Financial institutions --- Financial intermediaries --- Lending institutions --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- Banks and Banking --- Financial Risk Management --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Crisis Management --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Banking --- Bank resolution framework --- Crisis resolution --- Deposit insurance --- Crisis management --- Financial crises --- Bank resolution --- Bridge bank --- Banks and banking --- Singapore
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This paper analyzes the crisis preparedness and crisis management frameworks for German banks. Banks dominate German financial system and represent one of the largest small- and medium-sized banking segments in the EU. The banking sector is a three-pillar system with a total of nearly 1,800 institutions. Both at the EU level and at domestic German level a range of legal instruments have been adopted that collectively establish a complex framework for bank resolution and crisis preparedness and management in financial sector. The Single Supervisory Mechanism Regulation has conferred specific tasks on the European Central Bank concerning prudential supervision of banks including the adoption of early intervention measures and a requirement that banks prepare recovery plans.
Banks and Banking --- Financial Risk Management --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Crisis Management --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Banking --- Bank resolution framework --- Bank resolution --- Crisis resolution --- Deposit insurance --- Financial crises --- Crisis management --- Crisis prevention --- Banks and banking --- Germany
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This technical note analyzes the existing legal and institutional frameworks in Australia, including coordination arrangements and focuses on crisis preparedness, including recovery and resolution planning as well as the Reserve Bank of Australia’s (RBA) lender-of-last resort functions. The analysis highlights that Australia has a well-established framework for financial stability, surveillance and policy formulation and the resolution regime for financial institutions has been significantly enhanced since the financial crisis. Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) has made progress in developing recovery planning requirements for the banking industry, extending these from large to medium sized and smaller banks. However, there is a need to better integrate the recovery planning within the risk management framework and operational testing exercises and to significantly enhance APRA’s work on resolution planning, particularly for the largest banks. The paper recommends that the Australian authorities should introduce an ex-ante funded deposit insurance scheme, based on best international practice.
Crisis management --- Banks and banking --- Crises --- Management of crises --- Management --- Problem solving --- Conflict management --- Banks and Banking --- Financial Risk Management --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Crisis Management --- Financial Crises --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Banking --- Bank resolution framework --- Crisis resolution --- Financial crises --- Bank resolution --- Australia
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This technical assistance report on Georgia focuses on operationalizing the new bank recovery and resolution frameworks. The Georgian authorities have indicated their interest in operationalizing their recovery, resolution, and crisis management frameworks. The report highlights the need to analyze alternatives to the current temporary public funding arrangements, especially the scope to deploy all such funding through the Resolution Fund and the potential use—subject to strict safeguards—of the deposit insurance fund to finance resolution actions. Georgia has made considerable progress in developing the infrastructure needed for an effective bank recovery and resolution regime. The current escalation process from going-concern to gone-concern does not provide the supervisors with sufficient and adequate triggers to mitigate risks at a sufficiently early stage. The mission recommends clarifying Article 30 of the Banking Law, which explicitly mentions only the temporary administrator as early intervention measures. A key recommendation of the mission is to strengthen the National Bank of Georgia’s resolution function. The mission provided guidance on the general architecture of intra- and interagency contingency plans, which serve as the building blocks for a national financial crisis preparedness plan.
Money and Monetary Policy --- International Economics --- Banks and Banking --- Financial Risk Management --- Monetary Policy --- International Agreements and Observance --- International Organizations --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Financial Crises --- Monetary economics --- International institutions --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Monetary policy --- International organization --- Bank resolution framework --- Financial crises --- Crisis resolution --- Bank resolution --- Bridge bank --- International agencies --- Crisis management --- Georgia
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