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Plant alkaloids are critical components of modern medicine and pharmaceuticals. These compounds are also becoming increasingly important for industrial uses as part of the green chemistry revolution. This Special Issue will focus on the molecular advances being made in understanding how such a large and diverse class of compounds are made by plants and how metabolic engineering advances are increasing the overall yield of crucial precursors.

canthin-6-one --- Picrolemma huberi --- Simaroubaceae --- antiplasmodial activity --- Sarcococca hookeriana --- sarchookloides A–C --- steroidal alkaloid --- cytotoxicity --- Rhodophiala --- alkaloids --- molecular docking --- AChE --- BuChE --- GC-MS --- Mahonia imbricata --- Berberidaceae --- isoquinoline alkaloid --- mahimbrine A --- hedgehog signaling --- Veratrum californicum --- cyclopamine --- HPLC-MS --- Shh-Light II cells --- halogencyclopropane --- dichlorocarbene --- epoxidation --- vindoline --- catharanthine --- dimer alkaloids --- vindoline trimer --- Ruta graveolens --- photosystem II --- Chl a fluorescence --- Hill reaction inhibitors --- acridone alkaloids --- benzylisoquinoline alkaloids --- cytochrome P450 monooxygenase --- medicinal properties --- methyltransferase --- Nelumbo nucifera --- norcoclaurine synthase --- sacred lotus --- stereochemistry --- Aristotelia chilensis Molina Stuntz --- vascular activity --- endothelium-independent --- indole alkaloid --- 8-oxo-9-dihydromakomakine --- voltage-dependent calcium channels --- Catharanthus roseus --- cambial meristematic cells --- Aspergillus flavus --- terpenoid indole alkaloids --- biosynthesis --- Buxaceae --- Borago officinalis --- Crassocephalum --- Copper-dependent diamine oxidase --- Gynura bicolor --- Homospermidine synthase --- Lolium perenne --- Necic acids --- Necine bases --- Pyrrolizidine alkaloid biosynthesis --- Senecionine --- tropane alkaloids --- scopolamine --- cocaine --- calystegine --- chemistry --- pharmacology --- biotechnological production --- Erythroxylaceae --- Erythroxylum coca --- next generation sequencing --- traditional medicine --- bioprospecting --- tropane --- late-stage functionalization --- sulfinate --- DiversinateTM --- natural product --- medicinal chemistry --- papaverine --- scaffold --- library --- biodiscovery --- Swinglea glutinosa --- dereplication --- acridones --- phenylacrylamides

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The growing world population exerts tremendous pressure on our finite food resources. Since the lion‘s share of the global calorie intake is reliant upon a handful of plant species like rice, wheat, maize, soybean, and potato, it is the need of the hour to expand our dietary reliance to nutritionally rich but neglected, underutilized, and yet-to-be-used wild plants. Such wild plants also have ethnomedicinal and biocultural significance. Owing to their ecosystem plasticity, they can be easily cultivated in diverse soil systems, including marginal, degraded, and other disturbed areas. Due to these resilient attributes, they can be considered for large-scale cultivation. However, proper biotechnological interventions are important for removing the negative traits as well as for standardizing the mass multiplication and cultivation strategies of such species for various agro-climatic regions. This Special Issue, “Wild Crop Relatives and Associated Biocultural and Traditional Agronomic Practices for Food and Nutritional Security”, was dedicated to showcasing the potential wild crop varieties of nutritional significance and associated biocultural knowledge from the diverse agroecological regions of the world and also to formulating suitable policy frameworks for food and nutritional security. The novel recommendations provided by this Special Issue can serve as a stepping-stone for utilizing wild and neglected crops as supplemental foods.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Technology, engineering, agriculture --- non-domesticated legumes --- Vigna racemosa --- Vigna ambacensis --- Vigna reticulata --- Vigna vexillata --- Tanzania --- wild food legumes --- seed priming --- seaweed extract --- biostimulant --- germination energy --- seedling vigour --- consumer-oriented breeding --- consumer-oriented germplasm conservation --- culinary --- farmer–breeder–chef–consumer nexus --- genetic diversity --- heritage seedbank --- local food systems --- seed-savers --- stress tolerance --- anthropocene --- climate resilient --- food and nutritional security --- resource conservation --- underutilized crops --- Sustainable Development Goals --- biomass --- biochar --- soil --- BPLFA --- FPLFA --- DHA --- ammonia-oxidizing bacteria --- electrophoresis --- genetic resources --- neglected hexaploid wheat --- seed-storage proteins --- Crassocephalum crepidioides --- ethnobotany --- generations --- knowledge dynamics --- Launaea taraxacifolia --- use value --- Vernonia amygdalina --- ascorbic acid --- Diplotaxis erucoides --- field --- greenhouse --- new crops --- nitrates --- sinigrin --- traditional crop varieties --- Jerusalem artichoke --- inulin --- fertilization --- polyphenols --- antioxidant capacity --- climate change scenarios --- climate suitability --- fruit selection index --- Maxent --- species distribution modeling --- pre-breeding --- morphotypes --- domestication index --- indigenous knowledge --- sociolinguistic groups --- client-preferred traits --- seed dormancy --- seed germination --- molecular biology --- genetics --- traditional leafy vegetables --- Gynandropsis gynandra --- undomesticated legumes --- legumes --- Vigna species --- domestication --- unexplored legumes --- induced mutation --- lodging resistance --- photosynthetic efficiency --- transcriptomics --- orphan crops --- neglected and underutilized species --- wild edibles --- biodiversity --- food composition --- nutrition --- policy --- breeding --- Macrotyloma geocarpum --- farmers’ preferences --- cropping systems --- constraints --- cultivar development --- landraces --- conservation --- agrobiodiversity --- biocultural knowledge --- crop improvement --- dietary diversification --- field gene banks --- planetary healthy diet --- traditional agronomic practices